.\" $NetBSD: main,v 1.425.2.14.2.10 2014/11/15 08:11:26 snj Exp $ .\" .\" Copyright (c) 1999-2008 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc. .\" All rights reserved. .\" .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions .\" are met: .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. .\" .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS .\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED .\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR .\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS .\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR .\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF .\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS .\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN .\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) .\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE .\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. .\" .ig To "regenerate" this file, go up one level to src/distrib/notes and type "make". This will create src/distrib/notes//INSTALL.*. The notes that describe the improvements over the last release aren't appropriate for a snapshot, so these are conditional on FOR_RELEASE. 0 == snapshot; 1 == release .. . .tm Processing INSTALL . .\" -------------------- CONFIGURATION -------------------- . .nr FOR_RELEASE 1 .nr DOC_XR 1 .ds MACHINE_LIST acorn26 acorn32 algor alpha amd64 amiga amigappc arc atari .as MACHINE_LIST " bebox cats cesfic cobalt dreamcast evbarm evbmips evbppc .as MACHINE_LIST " evbsh3 ews4800mips hp300 hp700 hpcarm hpcmips hpcsh i386 .as MACHINE_LIST " ibmnws iyonix landisk luna68k mac68k macppc mipsco mmeye .as MACHINE_LIST " mvme68k mvmeppc netwinder news68k newsmips next68k ofppc .as MACHINE_LIST " playstation2 pmax prep rs6000 sandpoint sbmips .as MACHINE_LIST " sgimips shark sparc sparc64 sun2 sun3 vax x68k xen zaurus . .so \*[.CURDIR]/../common/macros . .Dd November 15, 2014 .Dt INSTALL 8 .Os NetBSD .Sh NAME .Nm INSTALL .Nd Installation procedure for .Nx*M . .Sh CONTENTS .Tc .Sh DESCRIPTION . .Ss About this Document .Pp . This document describes the installation procedure for .Nx \*V on the .Em \*M platform. It is available in four different formats titled .Pa INSTALL. Ns Ar ext , where .Ar \&.ext is one of .Pa \&.ps , \&.html , \&.more , .No or Pa \&.txt : .(tag \&.morex -offset indent .It Pa \&.ps PostScript. .It Pa \&.html .No Standard Internet Tn HTML . .It Pa \&.more The enhanced text format used on .Ul systems by the .Xr more 1 and .Xr less 1 pager utility programs. This is the format in which the on-line .Em man pages are generally presented. .It Pa \&.txt Plain old .Tn ASCII . .tag) .Pp You are reading the .Em \*[format] version. . .if \n[i386]:\n[macppc]:\n[sparc]:\n[sparc64]:\n[amd64] \{\ .Ss "Quick install notes for the impatient" .Pp This section contains some brief notes describing what you need to install .Nx \*V on a machine of the \*M architecture. .Bl -bullet .It Fetch files needed to install .Nx . .if \n[i386]:\n[amd64] \{\ .Pp Option 1: bootable CD-ROM images containing the full distribution. .Pp These can be found on an FTP site near you, usually located in the .Pa /pub/NetBSD/images/ directory. Check the NetBSD website for details. .Pp Option 2: bootable CD-ROM images from .Pa \*M/installation/cdrom/ . .Pp These images are bootable, but do not contain binary sets. They are intended for network installs or system repair. .Pa boot.iso is for VGA console installation, and .Pa boot-com.iso is for installation over serial console (com0, 9600 baud). .Pp Option 3: boot floppy images from .Pa \*M/installation/floppy/ . .Pp .Pa boot1.fs and .Pa boot2.fs are floppy images for VGA console installation. .Pa boot-com1.fs and .Pa boot-com2.fs are for installation via serial console (com0, 9600 baud). .It The default kernel on CD-ROMs has ACPI enabled. This is known to cause issues on a few machines which have buggy ACPI implementations. .Pp To boot with ACPI disabled, choose the "no ACPI" option from the boot menu, or interrupt the menu and enter the .Nx boot prompt. Type .Ic boot -2 to boot with ACPI disabled. .\} \" amd64:i386 .if \n[macppc] \{\ The files depend on which model you are using and how you plan to boot your machine. For systems with built-in floppy drives (Open Firmware 1 or 2), fetch the pair of boot floppy images .Pa macppc/installation/floppy/boot1.fs and .Pa macppc/installation/floppy/boot2.fs , which include the bootloader and installation kernel. For systems without floppy drives (most are Open Firmware 3), fetch the bootloader .Pa macppc/installation/ofwboot.xcf and the installation kernel .Pa macppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC_MD.gz . If you have a CD-R, you can fetch the CD image, .Pa NetBSD-\*V-macppc.iso . .\} .if \n[sparc] \{\ Fetch a CD image, .Pa NetBSD-\*V-sparc.iso or the floppy disk images, .Pa sparc/install/floppy/disk1.gz No and Pa sparc/install/floppy/disk2 . You need either the pair of floppies or the CD to boot your system. .\} .if \n[sparc64] \{\ This is either a CD image, .Pa NetBSD-\*V-sparc64.iso or the installation kernel and bootloader, .Pa sparc64/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz No and Pa sparc64/installation/misc/ofwboot which can be booted from a .Tn Solaris or .Nx partition. .\} .if \n[macppc]:\n[sparc]:\n[sparc64] \{\ Alternatively, you may netboot the installation kernel. This process is covered below, in detail. .\} .It The actual binary distribution is in the .Pa \*M/binary/sets/ directory. When you boot the install .if \n[i386] CD-ROM or floppies, .if \n[macppc] kernel from floppies, hard drive, or CD-ROM, .if \n[sparc] floppies or CD-ROM, .if \n[sparc64] CD-ROM or installation kernel, the installation program can fetch these files for you (using e.g. ftp) if you have a network connection. There are several other methods to get the binary sets onto your machine. .Pp You will at a minimum need .ie \n[i386]:\n[amd64] \{\ one of the kernel sets, typically .Pa kern-GENERIC.tgz , as well as .\} .el \{\ the following sets: .Pa kern-GENERIC.tgz , .\} .Pa base.tgz and .Pa etc.tgz . In a typical workstation installation you will probably want all the installation sets. .ie \n[i386]:\n[amd64] \{\ .It Write the CD-ROM images or floppy images out. .Pp Many commercial and freeware programs are available to burn CD-ROMs. .Pp If you have problems writing a raw image to a floppy, the .Ic rawrite.exe MS-DOS program or the .Ic Rawrite32 Windows32 program (installed by .Pa rawr32.exe ) in the .Pa i386/installation/misc/ directory may be of help. .\} .if \n[macppc] \{\ .It If your \*M has a floppy drive, create the pair of boot floppies using .Ic suntar (MacOS 9), .Ic rawrite (Windows), or .Ic dd (any .Ul system with floppy support). If your system has Open Firmware 3, drag .Pa ofwboot.xcf No and Pa netbsd-GENERIC_MD.gz to your hard drive icon (the top level of the drive, not the desktop). If you are using the CD image, burn it now. .\} .if \n[sparc] \{\ .It Make sure your sparc's CD-ROM drive is bootable. Burn the CD. Otherwise, write the floppy images directly to a pair of floppies (after uncompressing disk1.gz). .\} .if \n[sparc64] \{\ .It Burn the CD or put the installation kernel and bootloader at the root level of a bootable .Tn Solaris or .Nx partition. .\} .Pp The disk(s) you just prepared will be used to boot the installation kernel, which contains all the tools required to install .Nx . .if \n[macppc] \{\ .It Determine your machine's model, quirks, and Open Firmware version from the .Nx*M Model Support webpage. .Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/ports/macppc/models.html .Pp At present, .Nx*M cannot exist on the same hard drive as .Tn Mac OS unless you partition your disk before running the installer. Open Firmware versions prior to 3 require a dedicated .Nx drive \(em you must use the entire disk, partitioned with the installation tools. Open Firmware version 3 cannot boot into .Nx on a drive partitioned with the installation tools, you must partition your disk before running the installer, then select the .Dq Me "Re-install sets or install additional sets" option in the installer (selecting the .Dq Me "Install NetBSD to hard disk" or .Dq Me "Upgrade NetBSD on a hard disk" options will render your drive unbootable). If you are unsure, you may want to read the section below on .Sx Partitioning your hard drive for NetBSD .It For systems with Open Firmware versions prior to 3, you may need to use Apple's System Disk utility to enter Open Firmware and use your screen and keyboard. To enter Open Firmware, hold down the .Key COMMAND-OPTION-O-F keys after the boot chime starts, but before the chime ends. Entering Open Firmware versions prior to 3 is usually the most frustrating part of installation \(em you may want to read the section below on .Sx Older Open Firmware System Preparation .Pp You should have the Open Firmware .Dq Pa "0 \*[Gt]" prompt on your screen before attempting to boot .Nx*M . .\} .if \n[macppc] \{\ .It At the Open Firmware prompt, type the command to boot. To boot from the installation floppies, the command is .Dq Ic "boot fd:0" . For the install kernel and bootloader on your hard drive (Open Firmware 3), the command is .Dq Ic "boot hd:,\eofwboot.xcf netbsd-GENERIC_MD.gz" . .Pp For boot CDs, the command is something like .Dq Ic "boot cd:,\eofwboot.xcf netbsd.macppc" (for Open Firmware 3) or .Dq Ic "boot scsi-int/sd@3:0 NETBSD.MACPPC" (for earlier Open Firmware versions). You will need to use the correct case for .Ic OFWBOOT.XCF No and Ic NETBSD.MACPPC depending on how your version of Open Firmware interprets the ISO file system. You may need to replace .Ic cd with .Ic "scsi/sd@3 , scsi-int/sd@3 , ata/atapi-disk ," or some other device alias. You should also use the Open Firmware .Ic dir command to confirm that the .Nx*M kernel is called .Pa NETBSD.MACPPC . You may want to read the section below on .Sx Open Firmware boot syntax .\} .if \n[sparc]:\n[sparc64] \{\ .It You will need to get to the .if \n[sparc] OpenBoot PROM .if \n[sparc64] OpenFirmware .Dq Ic "ok" prompt. After your system first powers on and displays some initial information, press the .Key STOP-A keys, or send a BREAK if you're on a serial console. At the .Dq Ic "ok" prompt, type the command to boot your system into .Nx . .\} .if \n[sparc] \{\ The command to boot from CD is one of the following commands (depending on your model): .Dq Ic b sd(,30,) , .Dq Ic boot sd(,30,) , or .Dq Ic boot cdrom . .Pp The command to boot from floppy is either .Dq Ic boot fd(,,1) or .Dq Ic boot floppy . The installer will prompt you to insert the second floppy when it is ready for it. .\} .if \n[sparc64] \{\ The command to boot from CD is: .Dq Ic boot cdrom . The command to boot the .Nx kernel from a .Tn Solaris or .Nx partition depends on which disk and partition it is on. To boot from the first partition of the first (primary) disk: .Dq Ic "boot disk:a /ofwboot -a" . When it asks you for a kernel, specify .Dq Ic "netbsd-INSTALL.gz" .\} .It For third-party programs which are not part of the base .Nx distribution, you will want to explore the .Ic pkgsrc system with its many thousands of third party software applications. .El .\} .Ss "What is NetBSD?" .Pp . The .Nx Operating System is a fully functional .Tn Open Source .Ul operating system derived from the University of California, Berkeley Networking Release 2 (Net/2), 4.4BSD-Lite, and 4.4BSD-Lite2 sources. .Nx runs on 57 different system architectures (ports) across 15 distinct CPU families, and is being ported to more. The .Nx \*V release contains complete binary releases for many different system architectures. (A few ports are not fully supported at this time and are thus not part of the binary distribution. Please see the .Nx web site at .Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/ for information on them.) .Pp .Nx is a completely integrated system. In addition to its highly portable, high performance kernel, .nh .Nx features a complete set of user utilities, compilers for several languages, the X Window System, firewall software and numerous other tools, all accompanied by full source code. .Pp .\" XXX Should we include some text here about NetBSD's license .\" policies and how commercial-friendly it is? .Nx is a creation of the members of the Internet community. Without the unique cooperation and coordination the net makes possible, it's likely that .Nx wouldn't exist. . .if \n[FOR_RELEASE] \{\ .Ss Changes Between The NetBSD 5.1.4 and 5.1.5 Releases .Pp .Nx \*V is the fifth critical/security update of the NetBSD 5.1 release branch. It represents a selected subset of fixes deemed critical for security or stability reasons. .Pp The complete list of changes can be found in the CHANGES-5.1.5: .Lk http://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-5.1.5/CHANGES-5.1.5 file in the top level directory of the NetBSD 5.1.5 release tree. An abbreviated list is as follows: .(bullet NetBSD-SA2014-005: .Lk http://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/security/advisories/NetBSD-SA2014-005.txt.asc libXfont multiple vulnerabilities .It NetBSD-SA2014-006: .Lk http://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/security/advisories/NetBSD-SA2014-006.txt.asc Multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities .It NetBSD-SA2014-007: .Lk http://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/security/advisories/NetBSD-SA2014-007.txt.asc bozohttpd basic http authentication bypass .It NetBSD-SA2014-008: .Lk http://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/security/advisories/NetBSD-SA2014-008.txt.asc Multiple OpenSSL vulnerabilities .It NetBSD-SA2014-010: .Lk http://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/security/advisories/NetBSD-SA2014-010.txt.asc Multiple vulnerabilities in the compatibility layers .It NetBSD-SA2014-011: .Lk http://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/security/advisories/NetBSD-SA2014-011.txt.asc User-controlled memory allocation in the .Xr modctl 2 system call .It NetBSD-SA2014-012: .Lk http://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/security/advisories/NetBSD-SA2014-012.txt.asc Memory leak in the .Xr setsockopt 2 system call .It NetBSD-SA2014-013: .Lk http://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/security/advisories/NetBSD-SA2014-013.txt.asc .Xr ftp 1 can be made to execute arbitrary commands .It NetBSD-SA2014-014: .Lk http://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/security/advisories/NetBSD-SA2014-014.txt.asc Multiple vulnerabilities in the .Xr mount 2 system call .It NetBSD-SA2014-015: .Lk http://ftp.netbsd.org/pub/NetBSD/security/advisories/NetBSD-SA2014-015.txt.asc OpenSSL and SSLv3 vulnerabilities .bullet) . .Pp Advisories prior to NetBSD-SA2014-005 do not affect NetBSD 5.1.5: .Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/support/security/patches-5.1.5.html . .Ss2 Kernel .(bullet Reject unaligned PCI config register ioctl requests before we kassert. .bullet) . .Ss2 Miscellaneous .(bullet Update to tzdata2014f. .It Update root.cache to 2014060201. .It For consistency with newer branches, ISO images built with .Dq build.sh iso-images are now named .Pa NetBSD-\*[Lt]version\*[Gt]-\*[Lt]machine\*[Gt].iso and placed under the .Pa images directory instead of .Pa iso . .bullet) . .\} \" \n[FOR_RELEASE] . .Ss "Features to be removed in a later release" The following features are to be removed from .Nx in the future: .(bullet Support for soft dependencies, also knows as soft updates (see .Dq softdep in .Xr mount 8 ) will be removed in the next major release. .Pp .Nx \*V includes a preview of WAPBL .Pq Write Ahead Physical Block Logging , which will replace soft dependencies in the next major release. See .Xr wapbl 4 and .Lk http://mail-index.netbsd.org/netbsd-announce/2008/12/14/msg000051.html for details. .It Support for Xen 2.0.x. The Xen-3 and hypervisor interface is diverging from Xen-2 as development is ongoing, increasing the maintenance cost for NetBSD. .Pp It should be considered as deprecated. Users are expected to not rely on it any more beyond this major release. .Pp Further, at least version 3.1 of Xen will be required to run NetBSD as Dom0 or DomU. .bullet) . .Ss "The NetBSD Foundation" .Pp . The .Nx Foundation is a tax exempt, not-for-profit 501(c)(3) corporation that devotes itself to the traditional goals and Spirit of the .Nx Project and owns the trademark of the word .Dq NetBSD . It supports the design, development, and adoption of .Nx worldwide. More information on the .Nx Foundation, its composition, aims, and work can be found at: .Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/foundation/ .br_ne 10P . .Ss "Sources of NetBSD" .Pp . Refer to .Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mirrors/ .br_ne 10P . .Ss "NetBSD \*V Release Contents .Pp . The root directory of the .Nx \*V release is organized as follows: .ie \n[FOR_RELEASE] \{\ .Pp .Pa .../NetBSD-\*V/ .(tag README.files .It Li CHANGES Changes between the 4.0 and 5.0 releases. .It Li CHANGES-5.0 Changes between the initial 5.0 branch and final release of 5.0. .It Li CHANGES-5.1 Changes between the 5.0 and 5.1 releases. .It Li CHANGES-5.1.1 Changes between the 5.1 and 5.1.1 releases. .It Li CHANGES-5.1.2 Changes between the 5.1.1 and 5.1.2 releases. .It Li CHANGES-5.1.3 Changes between the 5.1.2 and 5.1.3 releases. .It Li CHANGES-5.1.4 Changes between the 5.1.3 and 5.1.4 releases. .It Li CHANGES-5.1.5 Changes between the 5.1.4 and 5.1.5 releases. .It Li CHANGES.prev Changes in previous .Nx releases. .It Li LAST_MINUTE Last minute changes and notes about the release. .It Li README.files README describing the distribution's contents. .It Pa source/ Source distribution sets; see below. .tag) .Pp In addition to the files and directories listed above, there is one directory per architecture, for each of the architectures for which .Nx \*V has a binary distribution. .Pp The source distribution sets can be found in subdirectories of the .Pa source subdirectory of the distribution tree. They contain the complete sources to the system. The source distribution sets are as follows: .(tag sharesrc .It Sy gnusrc This set contains the .Dq gnu sources, including the source for the compiler, assembler, groff, and the other GNU utilities in the binary distribution sets. .It Sy sharesrc This set contains the .Dq share sources, which include the sources for the man pages not associated with any particular program; the sources for the typesettable document set; the dictionaries; and more. .It Sy src This set contains all of the base .Nx \*V sources which are not in .Sy gnusrc , .Sy sharesrc , or .Sy syssrc . .It Sy syssrc This set contains the sources to the .Nx \*V kernel for all architectures as well as the .Xr config 1 utility. .It Sy xsrc This set contains the sources to the X Window System. .tag) .Pp All the above source sets are located in the .Pa source/sets subdirectory of the distribution tree. .Pp The source sets are distributed as compressed tar files. Except for the .Sy pkgsrc set, which is traditionally unpacked into .Pa /usr/pkgsrc , all sets may be unpacked into .Pa /usr/src with the command: .Dl # Ic "cd / ; tar -zxpf set_name.tgz" .Pp In each of the source distribution set directories, there are files which contain the checksums of the files in the directory: .(tag SHA512 -offset indent .It Li MD5 .Tn MD5 digests in the format produced by the command: .br .Ic cksum -a MD5 Ar file . .It Li SHA512 .Tn SHA512 digests in the format produced by the command: .br .Ic cksum -a SHA512 Ar file . .tag) .Pp The SHA512 digest is safer, but MD5 checksums are provided so that a wider range of operating systems can check the integrity of the release files. .\} .el \{\ .Pp .Pa \&.../NetBSD-current/tar_files/ .(item -compact -offset indent .Pa pkgsrc.tar.gz .It .Pa src/*.tar.gz .It .Pa xsrc/*.tar.gz .item) .Pp Other directories provide unpacked source trees e.g. for distribution via the the software update protocol (SUP) or the concurrent version system (CVS). For more information see: .Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mirrors/ .\} . . .so ../common/contents ----------------------------------------------- . . .(Note Each directory in the \*M binary distribution also has its own checksum files, just as the source distribution does. .Note) .br_ne 7P . .Ss "NetBSD/\*M System Requirements and Supported Devices" . .so hardware ----------------------------------------------- .br_ne 7P . .if \n[xen] \{.Ss "Installation options" .br_ne 7P . .so instopt ----------------------------------------------- .\} . .Ss "Getting the NetBSD System on to Useful Media" . .so xfer ----------------------------------------------- .br_ne 7P . .Ss "Preparing your System for NetBSD installation" . .so prep ----------------------------------------------- .br_ne 7P . .ie \n[mac68k] .Ss "Installing the NetBSD System (Sysinst Method)" .el .Ss "Installing the NetBSD System" . .so install ----------------------------------------------- .br_ne 7P . .Ss "Post installation steps" . .so ../common/postinstall ----------------------------------------------- .br_ne 7P . .Ss "Upgrading a previously-installed NetBSD System" . .so upgrade ----------------------------------------------- .br_ne 7P . .Ss "Compatibility Issues With Previous NetBSD Releases" .Pp . Users upgrading from previous versions of .Nx may wish to bear the following problems and compatibility issues in mind when upgrading to .Nx \*V. .Pp Note: None of the items mentioned below are relevant if upgrading from 5.1. They still apply if you are upgrading from a pre-5.1 release, though. .Pp If your port uses X.Org and you see messages from the X server indicating that no devices were found, you may need to run .Ic "X -configure" and update your existing xorg.conf to use the BusID line from the newly-generated config file. .Pp Dual-head support for PC systems has become broken for many configurations with the update to xorg-server 1.6.x, which has removed the userland PCI configuration mechanism, and needs to rely upon the OS. We hope to correct this for future releases. Workaround: The only workaround is non-trivial and requires programming several PCI BAR registers as they previously were in NetBSD 5.0. .Pp If you are updating to .Nx \*V without the aid of sysinst or postinstall and your port uses X.Org, be sure to remove .Pa /usr/X11R7/lib/X11/xkb/symbols/pc before extracting the xbase set. In the version of X.Org shipped with 5.0, this was a directory, but in more recent X.Org versions it is a file. .if \n[i386]:\n[macppc]:\n[sparc]:\n[sparc64]:\n[amd64]:\n[sgimips] \{\ .Pp On ports using X.Org, libpixman and libXfont had their major versions bumped. This can be a source of trouble if using binary packages built on 5.0.x with a clean install of \*V (upgrades from 5.0.x will include both old and new versions of libpixman and libXfont). Compatibility packages have been prepared and are available from: .Lk ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/pkgsrc/packages/NetBSD/\*M/5.0/emulators/compat50-5.1.tgz (or a convenient mirror). This URL can be passed directly to the .Xr pkg_add 1 command. .\} .Pp pkg_install now depends on the pkgdb cache for automatic conflict detection. It is recommended to rebuild the cache with .Pp .Dl # Ic "pkg_admin rebuild" .Pp .Xr audit-packages.conf 5 has been superseded by .Xr pkg_install.conf 5 . The default configuration is the same. .Pp Support for .Xr pkg_view 1 has been retired. .Pp The functionality of .Xr audit-packages 1 and .Xr download-vulnerability-list 1 has moved into .Xr pkg_admin 1 . However, wrapper scripts that handle the common use cases are provided. .Ss2 Issues when running older binaries on NetBSD \*V .Pp The pthread libraries from previous versions of .Nx require that the .Xr sysctl 3 node .Dv kern.no_sa_support be set to .Dv 0 . This affects the following environments: .(bullet Running a 5.x kernel with an older userland. .It Running an older userland inside a chroot'ed environment on a 5.x system. .It Running older statically linked pthread applications. .bullet) .Pp The 5.x kernel defaults to .Dv 0 for .Dv kern.no_sa_support , which covers the first case. However, please note that a full installation of 5.x .Pq either from scratch or through an upgrade will set .Dv kern.no_sa_support to 1 during the boot process. This means that for the last two cases, you will have to manually set .Dv kern.no_sa_support to .Dv 0 , using either the .Xr sysctl 8 command or through .Xr sysctl.conf 5 . .Pp Note that .Ic sysinst will automatically invoke .(disp postinstall fix .disp) and thus all issues that are fixed by .Ic postinstall by default (see below) will be handled. . .Ss2 Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 3.x releases See the section below on upgrading from NetBSD 4.x as well. .Pp The following issues can generally be resolved by running .Em postinstall with the .Sy etc set: .(disp postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz check postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix .disp) .Pp Issues fixed by .Em postinstall : .(bullet -offset indent Various files in .Pa /etc need upgrading. These include: .(bullet -compact -offset indent .Pa /etc/defaults/* .It .Pa /etc/mtree/* .It .Pa /etc/daily .It .Pa /etc/weekly .It .Pa /etc/monthly .It .Pa /etc/security .It .Pa /etc/rc.subr .It .Pa /etc/rc .It .Pa /etc/rc.shutdown .It .Pa /etc/rc.d/* .It .Pa /etc/envsys.conf .bullet) .bullet) . .Pp The following issues need to be resolved manually: . .(bullet -offset indent The users .Sq _proxy , .Sq _rwhod , and .Sq _sdpd and the groups .Sq _proxy , .Sq _rwhod and .Sq _sdpd need to be created and the user .Sq uucp needs to be updated. .It A number of things were removed in the .Nx 4.0 release, including: the evbsh5 port, the Fortran 77 compiler (g77), NETCCITT, NETNS, Sendmail, Sushi, UUCP, and Vinum. If you were using any of these, please see the "Components removed from NetBSD" at .Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/releases/formal-4/NetBSD-4.0.html#removals .It The replacement of Sendmail by Postfix can be handled automatically by .Em postinstall but it is not done by default. If you want to transition to Postfix, the command .(disp postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix mailerconf .disp) will update your .Pa /etc/mailer.conf file to use Postfix as the MTA. When using .Ic sysinst to upgrade the system, it will ask if you want this to be done. .Pp Note that if you have a customized Sendmail setup, you need to set up Postfix in an equivalent way; there is no tool for automatic conversion of Sendmail configuration to a Postfix one. .Pp Postfix will be started automatically when the system boots. You may see messages like "$sendmail is not set properly" at boot. You can suppress them by removing .Pa /etc/rc.d/sendmail and .Pa /etc/rc.d/smmsp . Those files and other parts of sendmail configuration like files under .Pa /usr/share/sendmail are not removed by default while upgrading for those who want to continue using sendmail from outside the base system. If you want to delete them, .Em postinstall can be used: .(disp postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix sendmail .disp) .bullet) . .Ss2 Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 4.x releases .Pp The following issues can generally be resolved by running .Em postinstall with the .Sy etc set: .(disp postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz check postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix .disp) .Pp Issues fixed by .Em postinstall : .(bullet -offset indent Various files in .Pa /etc need upgrading. These include: .(bullet -compact -offset indent .Pa /etc/defaults/* .It .Pa /etc/mtree/* .It .Pa /etc/daily .It .Pa /etc/weekly .It .Pa /etc/monthly .It .Pa /etc/security .It .Pa /etc/rc.subr .It .Pa /etc/rc .It .Pa /etc/rc.shutdown .It .Pa /etc/rc.d/* .It .Pa /etc/envsys.conf .bullet) .bullet) . .Pp The following issues need to be resolved manually: . .(bullet -offset indent The users .Sq _httpd and .Sq _timedc and the groups .Sq _httpd and .Sq _timedc need to be created. .It Unprivileged use of the .Xr mount 8 command now requires the .Ar nosuid and .Ar nodev options to be explicitly specified. Previously, these options were automatically enforced even if they were not explicitly specified. .It A number of things have been removed from the .Nx \*V release. See the "Components removed from NetBSD" section near the beginning of this document for a list. .bullet) . .Ss "Using online NetBSD documentation" .Pp Documentation is available if you installed the manual distribution set. Traditionally, the .Dq man pages (documentation) are denoted by .Sq Li name(section) . Some examples of this are .Pp .(bullet -compact -offset indent .Xr intro 1 , .It .Xr man 1 , .It .Xr apropos 1 , .It .Xr passwd 1 , and .It .Xr passwd 5 . .bullet) .Pp The section numbers group the topics into several categories, but three are of primary interest: user commands are in section 1, file formats are in section 5, and administrative information is in section 8. .Pp .No The Em man command is used to view the documentation on a topic, and is started by entering .Ic man .Op Ar section .Ar topic . The brackets .Op \& around the section should not be entered, but rather indicate that the section is optional. If you don't ask for a particular section, the topic with the lowest numbered section name will be displayed. For instance, after logging in, enter .Pp .Dl # Ic "man passwd" .Pp to read the documentation for .Xr passwd 1 . To view the documentation for .Xr passwd 5 , enter .Pp .Dl # Ic "man 5 passwd" .Pp instead. .Pp If you are unsure of what man page you are looking for, enter .Pp .Dl # Ic apropos Ar subject-word .Pp where .Ar subject-word is your topic of interest; a list of possibly related man pages will be displayed. . .Ss Administrivia .Pp . If you've got something to say, do so! We'd like your input. There are various mailing lists available via the mailing list server at .Mt majordomo@NetBSD.org . To get help on using the mailing list server, send mail to that address with an empty body, and it will reply with instructions. See .Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mailinglists/ for a web interface. .Pp There are various mailing lists set up to deal with comments and questions about this release. Please send comments to: .Mt netbsd-comments@NetBSD.org . .Pp To report bugs, use the .Xr send-pr 1 command shipped with .Nx , and fill in as much information about the problem as you can. Good bug reports include lots of details. .Pp Bugs also can be submitted and queried with the web interface at .Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/support/send-pr.html .Pp There are also port-specific mailing lists, to discuss aspects of each port of .Nx . Use majordomo to find their addresses, or visit .Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mailinglists/ .Pp If you're interested in doing a serious amount of work on a specific port, you probably should contact the .Sq owner of that port (listed below). .Pp If you'd like to help with this effort, and have an idea as to how you could be useful, send us mail or subscribe to: .Mt netbsd-users@NetBSD.org . .Pp As a favor, please avoid mailing huge documents or files to these mailing lists. Instead, put the material you would have sent up for FTP or WWW somewhere, then mail the appropriate list about it, or, if you'd rather not do that, mail the list saying you'll send the data to those who want it. . .Ss Thanks go to . .(bullet The former members of UCB's Computer Systems Research Group, including (but not limited to): .Bd -unfilled -offset indent Keith Bostic Ralph Campbell Mike Karels Marshall Kirk McKusick .Ed .Pp for their work on .Bx systems, support, and encouragement. .It The Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. for hosting the .Nx FTP, CVS, AnonCVS, mail, mail archive, GNATS, SUP, Rsync and WWW servers. .It The Internet Research Institute in Japan for hosting the server which runs the CVSweb interface to the .Nx source tree. .It The Lule\[oa] Academic Computer Society for providing the backup services server. .It The Columbia University Computer Science Department for hosting the NYC build cluster. .It The Western Washington University Computer Science Department for running the WWU build cluster. .It The many organizations that provide .Nx mirror sites. .It Without CVS, this project would be impossible to manage, so our hats go off to Brian Berliner, Jeff Polk, and the various other people who've had a hand in making CVS a useful tool. .It We list the individuals and organizations that have made donations or loans of hardware and/or money, to support .Nx development, and deserve credit for it at .Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/donations/ (If you're not on that list and should be, tell us! We probably were not able to get in touch with you, to verify that you wanted to be listed.) .It Finally, we thank all of the people who've put sweat and tears into developing .Nx since its inception in January, 1993. (Obviously, there are a lot more people who deserve thanks here. If you're one of them, and would like to be mentioned, tell us!) .bullet) . .Ss "We are..." . .Pp (in alphabetical order) .Pp . . .Bl -column xxx "Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino" ".Mt sommerfeld@NetBSD.org" ".Sy playstation2" . .br_ne 1i .It Em "The NetBSD core group:" .It Ta Ta .It Ta Alan Barrett Ta Mt apb@NetBSD.org .It Ta Alistair Crooks Ta Mt agc@NetBSD.org .It Ta Matthew Green Ta Mt mrg@NetBSD.org .It Ta Chuck Silvers Ta Mt chs@NetBSD.org .It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt@NetBSD.org .It Ta YAMAMOTO Takashi Ta Mt yamt@NetBSD.org .It Ta Christos Zoulas Ta Mt christos@NetBSD.org .It Ta Ta . .br_ne 2i .It Em "The portmasters (and their ports):" .\" .\" XXX created by list-portmasters.pl .\" .It Ta Ta Ta .It Ta Erik Berls Ta Mt cyber@NetBSD.org Ta Sy cobalt .It Ta Manuel Bouyer Ta Mt bouyer@NetBSD.org Ta Sy xen .It Ta Simon Burge Ta Mt simonb@NetBSD.org Ta Sy evbmips .It Ta Simon Burge Ta Mt simonb@NetBSD.org Ta Sy pmax .It Ta Simon Burge Ta Mt simonb@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sbmips .It Ta Julian Coleman Ta Mt jdc@NetBSD.org Ta Sy atari .It Ta Andrew Doran Ta Mt ad@NetBSD.org Ta Sy amd64 .It Ta Andrew Doran Ta Mt ad@NetBSD.org Ta Sy i386 .It Ta Matthias Drochner Ta Mt drochner@NetBSD.org Ta Sy cesfic .It Ta Gavan Fantom Ta Mt gavan@NetBSD.org Ta Sy iyonix .It Ta Nick Hudson Ta Mt skrll@NetBSD.org Ta Sy hp700 .It Ta Martin Husemann Ta Mt martin@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sparc64 .It Ta S\(/oren J\(/orvang Ta Mt soren@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sgimips .It Ta Takayoshi Kochi Ta Mt kochi@NetBSD.org Ta Sy ia64 .It Ta Michael Lorenz Ta Mt macallan@NetBSD.org Ta Sy macppc .It Ta Anders Magnusson Ta Mt ragge@NetBSD.org Ta Sy vax .It Ta Tohru Nishimura Ta Mt nisimura@NetBSD.org Ta Sy luna68k .It Ta Tohru Nishimura Ta Mt nisimura@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sandpoint .It Ta Scott Reynolds Ta Mt scottr@NetBSD.org Ta Sy mac68k .It Ta Tim Rightnour Ta Mt garbled@NetBSD.org Ta Sy ofppc .It Ta Tim Rightnour Ta Mt garbled@NetBSD.org Ta Sy prep .It Ta Tim Rightnour Ta Mt garbled@NetBSD.org Ta Sy rs6000 .It Ta Noriyuki Soda Ta Mt soda@NetBSD.org Ta Sy arc .It Ta Ignatios Souvatzis Ta Mt is@NetBSD.org Ta Sy amiga .It Ta Ignatios Souvatzis Ta Mt is@NetBSD.org Ta Sy amigappc .It Ta NISHIMURA Takeshi Ta Mt nsmrtks@NetBSD.org Ta Sy x68k .It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt@NetBSD.org Ta Sy alpha .It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt@NetBSD.org Ta Sy ibmnws .It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt@NetBSD.org Ta Sy netwinder .It Ta Izumi Tsutsui Ta Mt tsutsui@NetBSD.org Ta Sy ews4800mips .It Ta Izumi Tsutsui Ta Mt tsutsui@NetBSD.org Ta Sy hp300 .It Ta Izumi Tsutsui Ta Mt tsutsui@NetBSD.org Ta Sy news68k .It Ta Valeriy E. Ushakov Ta Mt uwe@NetBSD.org Ta Sy hpcsh .It Ta Valeriy E. Ushakov Ta Mt uwe@NetBSD.org Ta Sy landisk .It Ta Steve Woodford Ta Mt scw@NetBSD.org Ta Sy evbppc .It Ta Steve Woodford Ta Mt scw@NetBSD.org Ta Sy mvme68k .It Ta Steve Woodford Ta Mt scw@NetBSD.org Ta Sy mvmeppc .It Ta Reinoud Zandijk Ta Mt reinoud@NetBSD.org Ta Sy acorn32 . .br_ne 1i .It Em "The NetBSD \*V Release Engineering team:" .It Ta Ta .It Ta Stephen Borrill Ta Mt sborrill@NetBSD.org .It Ta Manuel Bouyer Ta Mt bouyer@NetBSD.org .It Ta David Brownlee Ta Mt abs@NetBSD.org .It Ta James Chacon Ta Mt jmc@NetBSD.org .It Ta Julian Coleman Ta Mt jdc@NetBSD.org .It Ta H\(oavard Eidnes Ta Mt he@NetBSD.org .It Ta Alistair Grooks Ta Mt agc@NetBSD.org .It Ta John Heasley Ta Mt heas@NetBSD.org .It Ta Martin Husemann Ta Mt martin@NetBSD.org .It Ta Soren Jacobsen Ta Mt snj@NetBSD.org .It Ta Mark Kirby Ta Mt mkirby@NetBSD.org .It Ta Phil Nelson Ta Mt phil@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jeremy C. Reed Ta Mt reed@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jeff Rizzo Ta Mt riz@NetBSD.org .It Ta SAITOH Masanobu Ta Mt msaitoh@NetBSD.org .It Ta Ta . .br_ne 2i .It Em "NetBSD Developers:" .\" .\" Please keep in alphabetical order .\" .It Ta Ta .It Ta Nathan Ahlstrom Ta Mt nra@NetBSD.org .It Ta Steve Allen Ta Mt wormey@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jukka Andberg Ta Mt jandberg@NetBSD.org .It Ta Julian Assange Ta Mt proff@NetBSD.org .It Ta Lennart Augustsson Ta Mt augustss@NetBSD.org .It Ta Christoph Badura Ta Mt bad@NetBSD.org .It Ta Bang Jun-Young Ta Mt junyoung@NetBSD.org .It Ta Dieter Baron Ta Mt dillo@NetBSD.org .It Ta Robert V. Baron Ta Mt rvb@NetBSD.org .It Ta Alan Barrett Ta Mt apb@NetBSD.org .It Ta Grant Beattie Ta Mt grant@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jason Beegan Ta Mt jtb@NetBSD.org .It Ta Erik Berls Ta Mt cyber@NetBSD.org .It Ta Hiroyuki Bessho Ta Mt bsh@NetBSD.org .It Ta John Birrell Ta Mt jb@NetBSD.org .It Ta Mason Loring Bliss Ta Mt mason@NetBSD.org .It Ta Charles Blundell Ta Mt cb@NetBSD.org .It Ta Rafal Boni Ta Mt rafal@NetBSD.org .It Ta Stephen Borrill Ta Mt sborrill@NetBSD.org .It Ta Sean Boudreau Ta Mt seanb@NetBSD.org .It Ta Manuel Bouyer Ta Mt bouyer@NetBSD.org .It Ta John Brezak Ta Mt brezak@NetBSD.org .It Ta Allen Briggs Ta Mt briggs@NetBSD.org .It Ta Mark Brinicombe Ta Mt mark@NetBSD.org .It Ta Aaron Brown Ta Mt abrown@NetBSD.org .It Ta Andrew Brown Ta Mt atatat@NetBSD.org .It Ta David Brownlee Ta Mt abs@NetBSD.org .It Ta Frederick Bruckman Ta Mt fredb@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jon Buller Ta Mt jonb@NetBSD.org .It Ta Simon Burge Ta Mt simonb@NetBSD.org .It Ta Robert Byrnes Ta Mt byrnes@NetBSD.org .It Ta Pavel Cahyna Ta Mt pavel@NetBSD.org .It Ta D'Arcy J.M. Cain Ta Mt darcy@NetBSD.org .It Ta Daniel Carosone Ta Mt dan@NetBSD.org .It Ta Dave Carrel Ta Mt carrel@NetBSD.org .It Ta James Chacon Ta Mt jmc@NetBSD.org .It Ta Mihai Chelaru Ta Mt kefren@NetBSD.org .It Ta Bill Coldwell Ta Mt billc@NetBSD.org .It Ta Julian Coleman Ta Mt jdc@NetBSD.org .It Ta Ben Collver Ta Mt ben@NetBSD.org .It Ta Marcus Comstedt Ta Mt marcus@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jeremy Cooper Ta Mt jeremy@NetBSD.org .It Ta Chuck Cranor Ta Mt chuck@NetBSD.org .It Ta Alistair Crooks Ta Mt agc@NetBSD.org .It Ta Aidan Cully Ta Mt aidan@NetBSD.org .It Ta Garrett D'Amore Ta Mt gdamore@NetBSD.org .It Ta Johan Danielsson Ta Mt joda@NetBSD.org .It Ta John Darrow Ta Mt jdarrow@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jed Davis Ta Mt jld@NetBSD.org .It Ta Matt DeBergalis Ta Mt deberg@NetBSD.org .It Ta Arnaud Degroote Ta Mt degroote@NetBSD.org .It Ta Rob Deker Ta Mt deker@NetBSD.org .It Ta Chris G. Demetriou Ta Mt cgd@NetBSD.org .It Ta Tracy Di Marco White Ta Mt gendalia@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jarom\('ir Dolecek Ta Mt jdolecek@NetBSD.org .It Ta Andy Doran Ta Mt ad@NetBSD.org .It Ta Roland Dowdeswell Ta Mt elric@NetBSD.org .It Ta Emmanuel Dreyfus Ta Mt manu@NetBSD.org .It Ta Matthias Drochner Ta Mt drochner@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jun Ebihara Ta Mt jun@NetBSD.org .It Ta H\(oavard Eidnes Ta Mt he@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jaime A Fournier Ta Mt ober@NetBSD.org .It Ta Stoned Elipot Ta Mt seb@NetBSD.org .It Ta Michael van Elst Ta Mt mlelstv@NetBSD.org .It Ta Enami Tsugutomo Ta Mt enami@NetBSD.org .It Ta Bernd Ernesti Ta Mt veego@NetBSD.org .It Ta Erik Fair Ta Mt fair@NetBSD.org .It Ta Gavan Fantom Ta Mt gavan@NetBSD.org .It Ta Hauke Fath Ta Mt hauke@NetBSD.org .It Ta Hubert Feyrer Ta Mt hubertf@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jason R. Fink Ta Mt jrf@NetBSD.org .It Ta Matt J. Fleming Ta Mt mjf@NetBSD.org .It Ta Marty Fouts Ta Mt marty@NetBSD.org .It Ta Liam J. Foy Ta Mt liamjfoy@NetBSD.org .It Ta Matt Fredette Ta Mt fredette@NetBSD.org .It Ta Thorsten Frueauf Ta Mt frueauf@NetBSD.org .It Ta Castor Fu Ta Mt castor@NetBSD.org .It Ta Ichiro Fukuhara Ta Mt ichiro@NetBSD.org .It Ta Quentin Garnier Ta Mt cube@NetBSD.org .It Ta Thomas Gerner Ta Mt thomas@NetBSD.org .It Ta Simon J. Gerraty Ta Mt sjg@NetBSD.org .It Ta Justin Gibbs Ta Mt gibbs@NetBSD.org .It Ta Chris Gilbert Ta Mt chris@NetBSD.org .It Ta Eric Gillespie Ta Mt epg@NetBSD.org .It Ta Brian Ginsbach Ta Mt ginsbach@NetBSD.org .It Ta Paul Goyette Ta Mt pgoyette@NetBSD.org .It Ta Michael Graff Ta Mt explorer@NetBSD.org .It Ta Brian C. Grayson Ta Mt bgrayson@NetBSD.org .It Ta Matthew Green Ta Mt mrg@NetBSD.org .It Ta Andreas Gustafsson Ta Mt gson@NetBSD.org .It Ta Ulrich Habel Ta Mt rhaen@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino Ta Mt itojun@NetBSD.org .It Ta HAMAJIMA Katsuomi Ta Mt hamajima@NetBSD.org .It Ta Adam Hamsik Ta Mt haad@NetBSD.org .It Ta Juergen Hannken-Illjes Ta Mt hannken@NetBSD.org .It Ta Charles M. Hannum Ta Mt mycroft@NetBSD.org .It Ta Ben Harris Ta Mt bjh21@NetBSD.org .It Ta Ross Harvey Ta Mt ross@NetBSD.org .It Ta Eric Haszlakiewicz Ta Mt erh@NetBSD.org .It Ta John Hawkinson Ta Mt jhawk@NetBSD.org .It Ta HAYAKAWA Koichi Ta Mt haya@NetBSD.org .It Ta John Heasley Ta Mt heas@NetBSD.org .It Ta Geert Hendrickx Ta Mt ghen@NetBSD.org .It Ta Ren\('e Hexel Ta Mt rh@NetBSD.org .It Ta Iain Hibbert Ta Mt plunky@NetBSD.org .It Ta Kouichirou Hiratsuka Ta Mt hira@NetBSD.org .It Ta Michael L. Hitch Ta Mt mhitch@NetBSD.org .It Ta \('Ad\('am H\('oka Ta Mt ahoka@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jachym Holecek Ta Mt freza@NetBSD.org .It Ta David A. Holland Ta Mt dholland@NetBSD.org .It Ta Christian E. Hopps Ta Mt chopps@NetBSD.org .It Ta Ken Hornstein Ta Mt kenh@NetBSD.org .It Ta Marc Horowitz Ta Mt marc@NetBSD.org .It Ta Eduardo Horvath Ta Mt eeh@NetBSD.org .It Ta Nick Hudson Ta Mt skrll@NetBSD.org .It Ta Shell Hung Ta Mt shell@NetBSD.org .It Ta Martin Husemann Ta Mt martin@NetBSD.org .It Ta Dean Huxley Ta Mt dean@NetBSD.org .It Ta Love H\(:ornquist \(oAstrand Ta Mt lha@NetBSD.org .It Ta Roland Illig Ta Mt rillig@NetBSD.org .It Ta Bernardo Innocenti Ta Mt bernie@NetBSD.org .It Ta Tetsuya Isaki Ta Mt isaki@NetBSD.org .It Ta ITOH Yasufumi Ta Mt itohy@NetBSD.org .It Ta IWAMOTO Toshihiro Ta Mt toshii@NetBSD.org .It Ta Matthew Jacob Ta Mt mjacob@NetBSD.org .It Ta Soren Jacobsen Ta Mt snj@NetBSD.org .It Ta Lonhyn T. Jasinskyj Ta Mt lonhyn@NetBSD.org .It Ta Darrin Jewell Ta Mt dbj@NetBSD.org .It Ta Nicolas Joly Ta Mt njoly@NetBSD.org .It Ta Chris Jones Ta Mt cjones@NetBSD.org .It Ta S\(/oren J\(/orvang Ta Mt soren@NetBSD.org .It Ta Takahiro Kambe Ta Mt taca@NetBSD.org .It Ta Masanori Kanaoka Ta Mt kanaoka@NetBSD.org .It Ta Antti Kantee Ta Mt pooka@NetBSD.org .It Ta Frank Kardel Ta Mt kardel@NetBSD.org .It Ta Mattias Karlsson Ta Mt keihan@NetBSD.org .It Ta KAWAMOTO Yosihisa Ta Mt kawamoto@NetBSD.org .It Ta Mario Kemper Ta Mt magick@NetBSD.org .It Ta Min Sik Kim Ta Mt minskim@NetBSD.org .It Ta Thomas Klausner Ta Mt wiz@NetBSD.org .It Ta Klaus Klein Ta Mt kleink@NetBSD.org .It Ta John Klos Ta Mt jklos@NetBSD.org .It Ta Wayne Knowles Ta Mt wdk@NetBSD.org .It Ta Takayoshi Kochi Ta Mt kochi@NetBSD.org .It Ta John Kohl Ta Mt jtk@NetBSD.org .It Ta Daniel de Kok Ta Mt daniel@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jonathan A. Kollasch Ta Mt jakllsch@NetBSD.org .It Ta Paul Kranenburg Ta Mt pk@NetBSD.org .It Ta Lubomir Kundrak Ta Mt lkundrak@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jochen Kunz Ta Mt jkunz@NetBSD.org .It Ta Martti Kuparinen Ta Mt martti@NetBSD.org .It Ta Kentaro A. Kurahone Ta Mt kurahone@NetBSD.org .It Ta Arnaud Lacombe Ta Mt alc@NetBSD.org .It Ta Kevin Lahey Ta Mt kml@NetBSD.org .It Ta David Laight Ta Mt dsl@NetBSD.org .It Ta Johnny C. Lam Ta Mt jlam@NetBSD.org .It Ta Martin J. Laubach Ta Mt mjl@NetBSD.org .It Ta Greg Lehey Ta Mt grog@NetBSD.org .It Ta Ted Lemon Ta Mt mellon@NetBSD.org .It Ta Christian Limpach Ta Mt cl@NetBSD.org .It Ta Frank van der Linden Ta Mt fvdl@NetBSD.org .It Ta Joel Lindholm Ta Mt joel@NetBSD.org .It Ta Tonnerre Lombard Ta Mt tonnerre@NetBSD.org .It Ta Mike Long Ta Mt mikel@NetBSD.org .It Ta Michael Lorenz Ta Mt macallan@NetBSD.org .It Ta Warner Losh Ta Mt imp@NetBSD.org .It Ta Tomasz Luchowski Ta Mt zuntum@NetBSD.org .It Ta Federico Lupi Ta Mt federico@NetBSD.org .It Ta Brett Lymn Ta Mt blymn@NetBSD.org .It Ta Paul Mackerras Ta Mt paulus@NetBSD.org .It Ta MAEKAWA Masahide Ta Mt gehenna@NetBSD.org .It Ta Anders Magnusson Ta Mt ragge@NetBSD.org .It Ta Cherry G. Mathew Ta Mt cherry@NetBSD.org .It Ta David Maxwell Ta Mt david@NetBSD.org .It Ta Gregory McGarry Ta Mt gmcgarry@NetBSD.org .It Ta Dan McMahill Ta Mt dmcmahill@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jared D. McNeill Ta Mt jmcneill@NetBSD.org .It Ta Neil J. McRae Ta Mt neil@NetBSD.org .It Ta Julio M. Merino Vidal Ta Mt jmmv@NetBSD.org .It Ta Perry Metzger Ta Mt perry@NetBSD.org .It Ta Luke Mewburn Ta Mt lukem@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jean-Yves Migeon Ta Mt jym@NetBSD.org .It Ta Brook Milligan Ta Mt brook@NetBSD.org .It Ta Minoura Makoto Ta Mt minoura@NetBSD.org .It Ta Simas Mockevicius Ta Mt symka@NetBSD.org .It Ta der Mouse Ta Mt mouse@NetBSD.org .It Ta Joseph Myers Ta Mt jsm@NetBSD.org .It Ta Ken Nakata Ta Mt kenn@NetBSD.org .It Ta Takeshi Nakayama Ta Mt nakayama@NetBSD.org .It Ta Phil Nelson Ta Mt phil@NetBSD.org .It Ta John Nemeth Ta Mt jnemeth@NetBSD.org .It Ta Bob Nestor Ta Mt rnestor@NetBSD.org .It Ta NISHIMURA Takeshi Ta Mt nsmrtks@NetBSD.org .It Ta Tohru Nishimura Ta Mt nisimura@NetBSD.org .It Ta NONAKA Kimihiro Ta Mt nonaka@NetBSD.org .It Ta Takehiko NOZAKI Ta Mt tnozaki@NetBSD.org .It Ta Tobias Nygren Ta Mt tnn@NetBSD.org .It Ta OBATA Akio Ta Mt obache@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jesse Off Ta Mt joff@NetBSD.org .It Ta Tatoku Ogaito Ta Mt tacha@NetBSD.org .It Ta OKANO Takayoshi Ta Mt kano@NetBSD.org .It Ta Masaru Oki Ta Mt oki@NetBSD.org .It Ta Atsushi Onoe Ta Mt onoe@NetBSD.org .It Ta Greg Oster Ta Mt oster@NetBSD.org .It Ta Rui Paulo Ta Mt rpaulo@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jonathan Perkin Ta Mt sketch@NetBSD.org .It Ta Andrey Petrov Ta Mt petrov@NetBSD.org .It Ta Herb Peyerl Ta Mt hpeyerl@NetBSD.org .It Ta Matthias Pfaller Ta Mt matthias@NetBSD.org .It Ta Chris Pinnock Ta Mt cjep@NetBSD.org .It Ta Adrian Portelli Ta Mt adrianp@NetBSD.org .It Ta Peter Postma Ta Mt peter@NetBSD.org .It Ta Dante Profeta Ta Mt dante@NetBSD.org .It Ta Chris Provenzano Ta Mt proven@NetBSD.org .It Ta Niels Provos Ta Mt provos@NetBSD.org .It Ta Mindaugas Rasiukevicius Ta Mt rmind@NetBSD.org .It Ta Michael Rauch Ta Mt mrauch@NetBSD.org .It Ta Marc Recht Ta Mt recht@NetBSD.org .It Ta Darren Reed Ta Mt darrenr@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jeremy C. Reed Ta Mt reed@NetBSD.org .It Ta Antoine Reilles Ta Mt tonio@NetBSD.org .It Ta Tyler R. Retzlaff Ta Mt rtr@NetBSD.org .It Ta Scott Reynolds Ta Mt scottr@NetBSD.org .It Ta Michael Richardson Ta Mt mcr@NetBSD.org .It Ta Tim Rightnour Ta Mt garbled@NetBSD.org .It Ta Alan Ritter Ta Mt rittera@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jeff Rizzo Ta Mt riz@NetBSD.org .It Ta Hans Rosenfeld Ta Mt hans@NetBSD.org .It Ta Gordon Ross Ta Mt gwr@NetBSD.org .It Ta Steve Rumble Ta Mt rumble@NetBSD.org .It Ta Ilpo Ruotsalainen Ta Mt lonewolf@NetBSD.org .It Ta Heiko W. Rupp Ta Mt hwr@NetBSD.org .It Ta Blair J. Sadewitz Ta Mt bjs@NetBSD.org .It Ta David Sainty Ta Mt dsainty@NetBSD.org .It Ta SAITOH Masanobu Ta Mt msaitoh@NetBSD.org .It Ta Kazuki Sakamoto Ta Mt sakamoto@NetBSD.org .It Ta Curt Sampson Ta Mt cjs@NetBSD.org .It Ta Wilfredo Sanchez Ta Mt wsanchez@NetBSD.org .It Ta Ty Sarna Ta Mt tsarna@NetBSD.org .It Ta SATO Kazumi Ta Mt sato@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jan Schaumann Ta Mt jschauma@NetBSD.org .It Ta Matthias Scheler Ta Mt tron@NetBSD.org .It Ta Silke Scheler Ta Mt silke@NetBSD.org .It Ta Karl Schilke (rAT) Ta Mt rat@NetBSD.org .It Ta Amitai Schlair Ta Mt schmonz@NetBSD.org .It Ta Konrad Schroder Ta Mt perseant@NetBSD.org .It Ta Georg Schwarz Ta Mt schwarz@NetBSD.org .It Ta Lubomir Sedlacik Ta Mt salo@NetBSD.org .It Ta Christopher SEKIYA Ta Mt sekiya@NetBSD.org .It Ta Reed Shadgett Ta Mt dent@NetBSD.org .It Ta John Shannon Ta Mt shannonjr@NetBSD.org .It Ta Tim Shepard Ta Mt shep@NetBSD.org .It Ta Takeshi Shibagaki Ta Mt shiba@NetBSD.org .It Ta Naoto Shimazaki Ta Mt igy@NetBSD.org .It Ta Takao Shinohara Ta Mt shin@NetBSD.org .It Ta Takuya SHIOZAKI Ta Mt tshiozak@NetBSD.org .It Ta Daniel Sieger Ta Mt dsieger@NetBSD.org .It Ta Chuck Silvers Ta Mt chs@NetBSD.org .It Ta Thor Lancelot Simon Ta Mt tls@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jeff Smith Ta Mt jeffs@NetBSD.org .It Ta Noriyuki Soda Ta Mt soda@NetBSD.org .It Ta Wolfgang Solfrank Ta Mt ws@NetBSD.org .It Ta SOMEYA Yoshihiko Ta Mt someya@NetBSD.org .It Ta Bill Sommerfeld Ta Mt sommerfeld@NetBSD.org .It Ta J\(:org Sonnenberger Ta Mt joerg@NetBSD.org .It Ta Ignatios Souvatzis Ta Mt is@NetBSD.org .It Ta T K Spindler Ta Mt dogcow@NetBSD.org .It Ta Bill Squier Ta Mt groo@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jonathan Stone Ta Mt jonathan@NetBSD.org .It Ta Bill Studenmund Ta Mt wrstuden@NetBSD.org .It Ta Kevin Sullivan Ta Mt sullivan@NetBSD.org .It Ta SUNAGAWA Keiki Ta Mt kei@NetBSD.org .It Ta Kimmo Suominen Ta Mt kim@NetBSD.org .It Ta Robert Swindells Ta Mt rjs@NetBSD.org .It Ta Shin Takemura Ta Mt takemura@NetBSD.org .It Ta TAMURA Kent Ta Mt kent@NetBSD.org .It Ta Shin'ichiro TAYA Ta Mt taya@NetBSD.org .It Ta Ian Lance Taylor Ta Mt ian@NetBSD.org .It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jason Thorpe Ta Mt thorpej@NetBSD.org .It Ta Christoph Toshok Ta Mt toshok@NetBSD.org .It Ta Greg Troxel Ta Mt gdt@NetBSD.org .It Ta Tsubai Masanari Ta Mt tsubai@NetBSD.org .It Ta Izumi Tsutsui Ta Mt tsutsui@NetBSD.org .It Ta UCHIYAMA Yasushi Ta Mt uch@NetBSD.org .It Ta Masao Uebayashi Ta Mt uebayasi@NetBSD.org .It Ta Shuichiro URATA Ta Mt ur@NetBSD.org .It Ta Valeriy E. Ushakov Ta Mt uwe@NetBSD.org .It Ta Todd Vierling Ta Mt tv@NetBSD.org .It Ta Aymeric Vincent Ta Mt aymeric@NetBSD.org .It Ta Paul Vixie Ta Mt vixie@NetBSD.org .It Ta Mike M. Volokhov Ta Mt mishka@NetBSD.org .It Ta Krister Walfridsson Ta Mt kristerw@NetBSD.org .It Ta Lex Wennmacher Ta Mt wennmach@NetBSD.org .It Ta Leo Weppelman Ta Mt leo@NetBSD.org .It Ta Assar Westerlund Ta Mt assar@NetBSD.org .It Ta Todd Whitesel Ta Mt toddpw@NetBSD.org .It Ta Frank Wille Ta Mt phx@NetBSD.org .It Ta Nathan Williams Ta Mt nathanw@NetBSD.org .It Ta Rob Windsor Ta Mt windsor@NetBSD.org .It Ta Dan Winship Ta Mt danw@NetBSD.org .It Ta Jim Wise Ta Mt jwise@NetBSD.org .It Ta Michael Wolfson Ta Mt mbw@NetBSD.org .It Ta Colin Wood Ta Mt ender@NetBSD.org .It Ta Steve Woodford Ta Mt scw@NetBSD.org .It Ta YAMAMOTO Takashi Ta Mt yamt@NetBSD.org .It Ta Yuji Yamano Ta Mt yyamano@NetBSD.org .It Ta David Young Ta Mt dyoung@NetBSD.org .It Ta Reinoud Zandijk Ta Mt reinoud@NetBSD.org .It Ta S.P.Zeidler Ta Mt spz@NetBSD.org .It Ta Maria Zevenhoven Ta Mt maria7@NetBSD.org .It Ta Christos Zoulas Ta Mt christos@NetBSD.org .It Ta Ta . .br_ne 2i .It Em "Other contributors:" .It Ta Ta .It Ta Dave Burgess Ta Mt burgess@cynjut.infonet.net .It Ta Brian R. Gaeke Ta Mt brg@dgate.org .It Ta Brad Grantham Ta Mt grantham@tenon.com .It Ta Lawrence Kesteloot Ta Mt kesteloo@cs.unc.edu .It Ta Waldi Ravens Ta Mt waldi@moacs.indiv.nl.net . .El . .Ss "Legal Mumbo-Jumbo" .Pp . All product names mentioned herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. .Pp The following notices are required to satisfy the license terms of the software that we have mentioned in this document: .Pp .nr save_size \n[.s] .nr save_vs \n[.v] .ps 8 .vs 9 .Ht .(item -compact .so ../common/legal.common ----------------------------------------------- .so legal ----------------------------------------------- .item) .Ht .ps .vs .Ss "The End"