/* $NetBSD: init_main.c,v 1.216 2003/01/18 10:06:23 thorpej Exp $ */
/*
* Copyright (c) 1995 Christopher G. Demetriou. All rights reserved.
* Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1992, 1993
* The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
* (c) UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
* All or some portions of this file are derived from material licensed
* to the University of California by American Telephone and Telegraph
* Co. or Unix System Laboratories, Inc. and are reproduced herein with
* the permission of UNIX System Laboratories, Inc.
*
* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
* are met:
* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
* must display the following acknowledgement:
* This product includes software developed by the University of
* California, Berkeley and its contributors.
* 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
* without specific prior written permission.
*
* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
* SUCH DAMAGE.
*
* @(#)init_main.c 8.16 (Berkeley) 5/14/95
*/
#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__KERNEL_RCSID(0, "$NetBSD: init_main.c,v 1.216 2003/01/18 10:06:23 thorpej Exp $");
#include "fs_nfs.h"
#include "opt_nfsserver.h"
#include "opt_sysv.h"
#include "opt_maxuprc.h"
#include "opt_multiprocessor.h"
#include "opt_pipe.h"
#include "opt_syscall_debug.h"
#include "opt_systrace.h"
#include "rnd.h"
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/acct.h>
#include <sys/filedesc.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include <sys/errno.h>
#include <sys/callout.h>
#include <sys/kernel.h>
#include <sys/mount.h>
#include <sys/proc.h>
#include <sys/kthread.h>
#include <sys/resourcevar.h>
#include <sys/signalvar.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/vnode.h>
#include <sys/tty.h>
#include <sys/conf.h>
#include <sys/disklabel.h>
#include <sys/buf.h>
#include <sys/device.h>
#include <sys/disk.h>
#include <sys/exec.h>
#include <sys/socketvar.h>
#include <sys/protosw.h>
#include <sys/reboot.h>
#include <sys/user.h>
#include <sys/sysctl.h>
#include <sys/event.h>
#ifdef SYSVSHM
#include <sys/shm.h>
#endif
#ifdef SYSVSEM
#include <sys/sem.h>
#endif
#ifdef SYSVMSG
#include <sys/msg.h>
#endif
#ifdef SYSTRACE
#include <sys/systrace.h>
#endif
#include <sys/domain.h>
#include <sys/mbuf.h>
#include <sys/namei.h>
#if NRND > 0
#include <sys/rnd.h>
#endif
#ifndef PIPE_SOCKETPAIR
#include <sys/pipe.h>
#endif
#ifdef LKM
#include <sys/lkm.h>
#endif
#include <sys/syscall.h>
#include <sys/sa.h>
#include <sys/syscallargs.h>
#include <ufs/ufs/quota.h>
#include <miscfs/genfs/genfs.h>
#include <miscfs/syncfs/syncfs.h>
#include <machine/cpu.h>
#include <uvm/uvm.h>
#include <dev/cons.h>
#include <net/if.h>
#include <net/raw_cb.h>
const char copyright[] =
"Copyright (c) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003\n"
" The NetBSD Foundation, Inc. All rights reserved.\n"
"Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1989, 1991, 1993\n"
" The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n"
"\n";
/* Components of the first process -- never freed. */
struct session session0;
struct pgrp pgrp0;
struct proc proc0;
struct lwp lwp0;
struct pcred cred0;
struct filedesc0 filedesc0;
struct cwdinfo cwdi0;
struct plimit limit0;
struct pstats pstat0;
struct vmspace vmspace0;
struct sigacts sigacts0;
#ifndef curlwp
struct lwp *curlwp = &lwp0;
#endif
struct proc *initproc;
int nofile = NOFILE;
int maxuprc = MAXUPRC;
int cmask = CMASK;
extern struct user *proc0paddr;
struct vnode *rootvp, *swapdev_vp;
int boothowto;
int cold = 1; /* still working on startup */
struct timeval boottime;
__volatile int start_init_exec; /* semaphore for start_init() */
static void check_console(struct proc *p);
static void start_init(void *);
void main(void);
extern const struct emul emul_netbsd; /* defined in kern_exec.c */
/*
* System startup; initialize the world, create process 0, mount root
* filesystem, and fork to create init and pagedaemon. Most of the
* hard work is done in the lower-level initialization routines including
* startup(), which does memory initialization and autoconfiguration.
*/
void
main(void)
{
struct lwp *l;
struct proc *p;
struct pdevinit *pdev;
int s, error;
u_int i;
rlim_t lim;
extern struct pdevinit pdevinit[];
extern void schedcpu(void *);
#if defined(NFSSERVER) || defined(NFS)
extern void nfs_init(void);
#endif
#ifdef NVNODE_IMPLICIT
int usevnodes;
#endif
/*
* Initialize the current LWP pointer (curlwp) before
* any possible traps/probes to simplify trap processing.
*/
simple_lock_init(&proc0.p_raslock);
l = &lwp0;
curlwp = l;
l->l_cpu = curcpu();
l->l_proc = &proc0;
l->l_lid = 1;
/*
* Attempt to find console and initialize
* in case of early panic or other messages.
*/
consinit();
printf("%s", copyright);
KERNEL_LOCK_INIT();
uvm_init();
/* Do machine-dependent initialization. */
cpu_startup();
/* Initialize callouts. */
callout_startup();
/*
* Initialize mbuf's. Do this now because we might attempt to
* allocate mbufs or mbuf clusters during autoconfiguration.
*/
mbinit();
/* Initialize kqueues. */
kqueue_init();
/* Initialize sockets. */
soinit();
/*
* The following things must be done before autoconfiguration.
*/
evcnt_init(); /* initialize event counters */
disk_init(); /* initialize disk list */
tty_init(); /* initialize tty list */
#if NRND > 0
rnd_init(); /* initialize RNG */
#endif
/* Initialize the sysctl subsystem. */
sysctl_init();
/*
* Initialize process and pgrp structures.
*/
procinit();
#ifdef LKM
/* Initialize the LKM system. */
lkm_init();
#endif
/*
* Create process 0 (the swapper).
*/
p = &proc0;
LIST_INIT(&p->p_lwps);
LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&p->p_lwps, l, l_sibling);
p->p_nlwps = 1;
s = proclist_lock_write();
LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&allproc, p, p_list);
LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PIDHASH(p->p_pid), p, p_hash);
LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&alllwp, l, l_list);
proclist_unlock_write(s);
p->p_pgrp = &pgrp0;
LIST_INSERT_HEAD(PGRPHASH(0), &pgrp0, pg_hash);
LIST_INIT(&pgrp0.pg_members);
LIST_INSERT_HEAD(&pgrp0.pg_members, p, p_pglist);
pgrp0.pg_session = &session0;
session0.s_count = 1;
session0.s_sid = p->p_pid;
session0.s_leader = p;
/*
* Set P_NOCLDWAIT so that kernel threads are reparented to
* init(8) when they exit. init(8) can easily wait them out
* for us.
*/
p->p_flag = P_SYSTEM | P_NOCLDWAIT;
p->p_stat = SACTIVE;
p->p_nice = NZERO;
p->p_emul = &emul_netbsd;
#ifdef __HAVE_SYSCALL_INTERN
(*p->p_emul->e_syscall_intern)(p);
#endif
strncpy(p->p_comm, "swapper", MAXCOMLEN);
l->l_flag = L_INMEM;
l->l_stat = LSONPROC;
p->p_nrlwps = 1;
callout_init(&l->l_tsleep_ch);
/* Create credentials. */
cred0.p_refcnt = 1;
p->p_cred = &cred0;
p->p_ucred = crget();
p->p_ucred->cr_ngroups = 1; /* group 0 */
/* Create the file descriptor table. */
finit();
p->p_fd = &filedesc0.fd_fd;
fdinit1(&filedesc0);
/* Create the CWD info. */
p->p_cwdi = &cwdi0;
cwdi0.cwdi_cmask = cmask;
cwdi0.cwdi_refcnt = 1;
/* Create the limits structures. */
p->p_limit = &limit0;
for (i = 0; i < sizeof(p->p_rlimit)/sizeof(p->p_rlimit[0]); i++)
limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_cur =
limit0.pl_rlimit[i].rlim_max = RLIM_INFINITY;
limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_max = maxfiles;
limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NOFILE].rlim_cur =
maxfiles < nofile ? maxfiles : nofile;
limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_max = maxproc;
limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_NPROC].rlim_cur =
maxproc < maxuprc ? maxproc : maxuprc;
lim = ptoa(uvmexp.free);
limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_RSS].rlim_max = lim;
limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_max = lim;
limit0.pl_rlimit[RLIMIT_MEMLOCK].rlim_cur = lim / 3;
limit0.pl_corename = defcorename;
limit0.p_refcnt = 1;
/*
* Initialize proc0's vmspace, which uses the kernel pmap.
* All kernel processes (which never have user space mappings)
* share proc0's vmspace, and thus, the kernel pmap.
*/
uvmspace_init(&vmspace0, pmap_kernel(), round_page(VM_MIN_ADDRESS),
trunc_page(VM_MAX_ADDRESS));
p->p_vmspace = &vmspace0;
l->l_addr = proc0paddr; /* XXX */
p->p_stats = &pstat0;
/*
* Charge root for one process.
*/
(void)chgproccnt(0, 1);
rqinit();
/* Configure virtual memory system, set vm rlimits. */
uvm_init_limits(p);
/* Initialize the file systems. */
#if defined(NFSSERVER) || defined(NFS)
nfs_init(); /* initialize server/shared data */
#endif
#ifdef NVNODE_IMPLICIT
/*
* If maximum number of vnodes in namei vnode cache is not explicitly
* defined in kernel config, adjust the number such as we use roughly
* 0.5% of memory for vnode cache (but not less than NVNODE vnodes).
*/
usevnodes = (ptoa((unsigned)physmem) / 200) / sizeof(struct vnode);
if (usevnodes > desiredvnodes)
desiredvnodes = usevnodes;
#endif
vfsinit();
/* Configure the system hardware. This will enable interrupts. */
configure();
ubc_init(); /* must be after autoconfig */
/* Lock the kernel on behalf of proc0. */
KERNEL_PROC_LOCK(l);
#ifdef SYSVSHM
/* Initialize System V style shared memory. */
shminit();
#endif
#ifdef SYSVSEM
/* Initialize System V style semaphores. */
seminit();
#endif
#ifdef SYSVMSG
/* Initialize System V style message queues. */
msginit();
#endif
/* Attach pseudo-devices. */
for (pdev = pdevinit; pdev->pdev_attach != NULL; pdev++)
(*pdev->pdev_attach)(pdev->pdev_count);
/*
* Initialize protocols. Block reception of incoming packets
* until everything is ready.
*/
s = splnet();
ifinit();
domaininit();
if_attachdomain();
splx(s);
#ifdef GPROF
/* Initialize kernel profiling. */
kmstartup();
#endif
/* Initialize system accouting. */
acct_init();
#ifdef SYSTRACE
systrace_init();
#endif
/*
* Initialize signal-related data structures, and signal state
* for proc0.
*/
signal_init();
p->p_sigacts = &sigacts0;
siginit(p);
/* Kick off timeout driven events by calling first time. */
schedcpu(NULL);
/*
* Create process 1 (init(8)). We do this now, as Unix has
* historically had init be process 1, and changing this would
* probably upset a lot of people.
*
* Note that process 1 won't immediately exec init(8), but will
* wait for us to inform it that the root file system has been
* mounted.
*/
if (fork1(l, 0, SIGCHLD, NULL, 0, start_init, NULL, NULL, &initproc))
panic("fork init");
/*
* Create any kernel threads who's creation was deferred because
* initproc had not yet been created.
*/
kthread_run_deferred_queue();
/*
* Now that device driver threads have been created, wait for
* them to finish any deferred autoconfiguration. Note we don't
* need to lock this semaphore, since we haven't booted any
* secondary processors, yet.
*/
while (config_pending)
(void) tsleep((void *)&config_pending, PWAIT, "cfpend", 0);
/*
* Finalize configuration now that all real devices have been
* found. This needs to be done before the root device is
* selected, since finalization may create the root device.
*/
config_finalize();
/*
* Now that autoconfiguration has completed, we can determine
* the root and dump devices.
*/
cpu_rootconf();
cpu_dumpconf();
/* Mount the root file system. */
do {
domountroothook();
if ((error = vfs_mountroot())) {
printf("cannot mount root, error = %d\n", error);
boothowto |= RB_ASKNAME;
setroot(root_device,
(rootdev != NODEV) ? DISKPART(rootdev) : 0);
}
} while (error != 0);
mountroothook_destroy();
CIRCLEQ_FIRST(&mountlist)->mnt_flag |= MNT_ROOTFS;
CIRCLEQ_FIRST(&mountlist)->mnt_op->vfs_refcount++;
/*
* Get the vnode for '/'. Set filedesc0.fd_fd.fd_cdir to
* reference it.
*/
if (VFS_ROOT(CIRCLEQ_FIRST(&mountlist), &rootvnode))
panic("cannot find root vnode");
cwdi0.cwdi_cdir = rootvnode;
VREF(cwdi0.cwdi_cdir);
VOP_UNLOCK(rootvnode, 0);
cwdi0.cwdi_rdir = NULL;
/*
* Now that root is mounted, we can fixup initproc's CWD
* info. All other processes are kthreads, which merely
* share proc0's CWD info.
*/
initproc->p_cwdi->cwdi_cdir = rootvnode;
VREF(initproc->p_cwdi->cwdi_cdir);
initproc->p_cwdi->cwdi_rdir = NULL;
/*
* Now can look at time, having had a chance to verify the time
* from the file system. Reset p->p_rtime as it may have been
* munched in mi_switch() after the time got set.
*/
proclist_lock_read();
s = splsched();
for (p = LIST_FIRST(&allproc); p != NULL;
p = LIST_NEXT(p, p_list)) {
p->p_stats->p_start = mono_time = boottime = time;
for (l = LIST_FIRST(&p->p_lwps); l != NULL;
l = LIST_NEXT(l, l_sibling))
if (l->l_cpu != NULL)
l->l_cpu->ci_schedstate.spc_runtime = time;
p->p_rtime.tv_sec = p->p_rtime.tv_usec = 0;
}
splx(s);
proclist_unlock_read();
/* Create the pageout daemon kernel thread. */
uvm_swap_init();
if (kthread_create1(uvm_pageout, NULL, NULL, "pagedaemon"))
panic("fork pagedaemon");
/* Create the process reaper kernel thread. */
if (kthread_create1(reaper, NULL, NULL, "reaper"))
panic("fork reaper");
/* Create the filesystem syncer kernel thread. */
if (kthread_create1(sched_sync, NULL, NULL, "ioflush"))
panic("fork syncer");
/* Create the aiodone daemon kernel thread. */
if (kthread_create1(uvm_aiodone_daemon, NULL, &uvm.aiodoned_proc,
"aiodoned"))
panic("fork aiodoned");
#if defined(MULTIPROCESSOR)
/* Boot the secondary processors. */
cpu_boot_secondary_processors();
#endif
/* Initialize exec structures */
exec_init(1);
#ifndef PIPE_SOCKETPAIR
/* Initialize pipe structures */
pipe_init();
#endif
/*
* Okay, now we can let init(8) exec! It's off to userland!
*/
start_init_exec = 1;
wakeup((void *)&start_init_exec);
/* The scheduler is an infinite loop. */
uvm_scheduler();
/* NOTREACHED */
}
static void
check_console(struct proc *p)
{
struct nameidata nd;
int error;
NDINIT(&nd, LOOKUP, FOLLOW, UIO_SYSSPACE, "/dev/console", p);
error = namei(&nd);
if (error == 0)
vrele(nd.ni_vp);
else if (error == ENOENT)
printf("warning: no /dev/console\n");
else
printf("warning: lookup /dev/console: error %d\n", error);
}
/*
* List of paths to try when searching for "init".
*/
static const char *initpaths[] = {
"/sbin/init",
"/sbin/oinit",
"/sbin/init.bak",
NULL,
};
/*
* Start the initial user process; try exec'ing each pathname in "initpaths".
* The program is invoked with one argument containing the boot flags.
*/
static void
start_init(void *arg)
{
struct lwp *l = arg;
struct proc *p = l->l_proc;
vaddr_t addr;
struct sys_execve_args /* {
syscallarg(const char *) path;
syscallarg(char * const *) argp;
syscallarg(char * const *) envp;
} */ args;
int options, i, error;
register_t retval[2];
char flags[4], *flagsp;
const char *path, *slash;
char *ucp, **uap, *arg0, *arg1 = NULL;
char ipath[129];
int ipx, len;
/*
* Now in process 1.
*/
strncpy(p->p_comm, "init", MAXCOMLEN);
/*
* Wait for main() to tell us that it's safe to exec.
*/
while (start_init_exec == 0)
(void) tsleep((void *)&start_init_exec, PWAIT, "initexec", 0);
/*
* This is not the right way to do this. We really should
* hand-craft a descriptor onto /dev/console to hand to init,
* but that's a _lot_ more work, and the benefit from this easy
* hack makes up for the "good is the enemy of the best" effect.
*/
check_console(p);
/*
* Need just enough stack to hold the faked-up "execve()" arguments.
*/
addr = (vaddr_t)STACK_ALLOC(USRSTACK, PAGE_SIZE);
if (uvm_map(&p->p_vmspace->vm_map, &addr, PAGE_SIZE,
NULL, UVM_UNKNOWN_OFFSET, 0,
UVM_MAPFLAG(UVM_PROT_ALL, UVM_PROT_ALL, UVM_INH_COPY,
UVM_ADV_NORMAL,
UVM_FLAG_FIXED|UVM_FLAG_OVERLAY|UVM_FLAG_COPYONW)) != 0)
panic("init: couldn't allocate argument space");
p->p_vmspace->vm_maxsaddr = (caddr_t)STACK_MAX(addr, PAGE_SIZE);
ipx = 0;
while (1) {
if (boothowto & RB_ASKNAME) {
printf("init path");
if (initpaths[ipx])
printf(" (default %s)", initpaths[ipx]);
printf(": ");
len = cngetsn(ipath, sizeof(ipath)-1);
if (len == 0) {
if (initpaths[ipx])
path = initpaths[ipx++];
else
continue;
} else {
ipath[len] = '\0';
path = ipath;
}
} else {
if ((path = initpaths[ipx++]) == NULL)
break;
}
ucp = (char *)USRSTACK;
/*
* Construct the boot flag argument.
*/
flagsp = flags;
*flagsp++ = '-';
options = 0;
if (boothowto & RB_SINGLE) {
*flagsp++ = 's';
options = 1;
}
#ifdef notyet
if (boothowto & RB_FASTBOOT) {
*flagsp++ = 'f';
options = 1;
}
#endif
/*
* Move out the flags (arg 1), if necessary.
*/
if (options != 0) {
*flagsp++ = '\0';
i = flagsp - flags;
#ifdef DEBUG
printf("init: copying out flags `%s' %d\n", flags, i);
#endif
arg1 = STACK_ALLOC(ucp, i);
ucp = STACK_MAX(arg1, i);
(void)copyout((caddr_t)flags, arg1, i);
}
/*
* Move out the file name (also arg 0).
*/
i = strlen(path) + 1;
#ifdef DEBUG
printf("init: copying out path `%s' %d\n", path, i);
#else
if (boothowto & RB_ASKNAME || path != initpaths[0])
printf("init: trying %s\n", path);
#endif
arg0 = STACK_ALLOC(ucp, i);
ucp = STACK_MAX(arg0, i);
(void)copyout((caddr_t)path, arg0, i);
/*
* Move out the arg pointers.
*/
ucp = (caddr_t)STACK_ALIGN(ucp, ALIGNBYTES);
uap = (char **)STACK_ALLOC(ucp, sizeof(char *) * 3);
SCARG(&args, path) = arg0;
SCARG(&args, argp) = uap;
SCARG(&args, envp) = NULL;
slash = strrchr(path, '/');
if (slash)
(void)suword((caddr_t)uap++,
(long)arg0 + (slash + 1 - path));
else
(void)suword((caddr_t)uap++, (long)arg0);
if (options != 0)
(void)suword((caddr_t)uap++, (long)arg1);
(void)suword((caddr_t)uap++, 0); /* terminator */
/*
* Now try to exec the program. If can't for any reason
* other than it doesn't exist, complain.
*/
error = sys_execve(LIST_FIRST(&p->p_lwps), &args, retval);
if (error == 0 || error == EJUSTRETURN) {
KERNEL_PROC_UNLOCK(l);
return;
}
printf("exec %s: error %d\n", path, error);
}
printf("init: not found\n");
panic("no init");
}
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