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1.6 itojun 1: The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD
2: ---------------------------------------------
1.1 abs 3:
4: First Edition (V1)
5: |
6: Second Edition (V2)
7: |
8: Third Edition (V3)
9: |
10: Fourth Edition (V4)
11: |
12: Fifth Edition (V5)
13: |
14: Sixth Edition (V6) -----*
15: \ |
16: \ |
17: \ |
18: Seventh Edition (V7) |
19: \ |
20: \ 1BSD
21: 32V |
22: \ 2BSD---------------*
23: \ / |
24: \ / |
25: \/ |
26: 3BSD |
27: | |
28: 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD
29: | |
1.6 itojun 30: 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD
31: | |
32: 4.1aBSD -----------\ |
33: | \ |
34: 4.1bBSD \ |
35: | \ |
36: *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD
37: / | |
38: Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo
1.1 abs 39: | | |
40: +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD
41: | | |
42: +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD
43: | | / |
44: Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD
45: | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ |
46: | | \ |
47: | | \ |
48: v | 2.11BSD
49: Tenth Edition | |
1.6 itojun 50: | 2.11BSD rev #430
1.1 abs 51: 4.3BSD NET/1 |
52: | v
53: 4.3BSD Reno
54: |
55: *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------*
56: | | | |
1.7 itojun 57: 386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA
1.1 abs 58: | | | |
1.7 itojun 59: 386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13]
1.1 abs 60: | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha |
1.7 itojun 61: | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34]
1.1 abs 62: | | 4.4BSD |
63: | | / | |
64: | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | |
1.7 itojun 65: | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0
1.1 abs 66: | | | |
1.7 itojun 67: FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1
68: | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite |
69: FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ |
70: | | / / | \ |
71: FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ |
72: | / | / | \ |
73: FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ |
74: | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ |
75: | / | | \ |
76: FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0
77: | \ | |
78: FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1
1.11 itojun 79: | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 |
80: | | \ | | | | |
81: | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | |
82: | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | |
83: | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | |
84: | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 |
85: FreeBSD 2.1 | | | |
86: | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1
87: | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ |
88: | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0
89: | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 |
90: | | | | | \ | |
91: | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | |
92: | | | | | \ | |
93: | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | |
94: | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | |
95: | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | |
96: | | | | | |
97: | | | | | |
98: *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | |
99: | \ | | | | |
100: | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | |
101: | | | | | | |
102: | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 |
103: | | | | | | |
104: | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | |
105: | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 |
106: | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | |
107: | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | |
108: | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1
109: | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 |
110: | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | |
111: | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | |
112: | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0
113: | v | | | | | |
114: | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | |
115: | | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 |
116: FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | |
117: | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | |
118: *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | |
119: | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1
120: | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 |
121: | | | | | | | | |
122: | | | | | | | | |
123: | | | | | | | | |
124: | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | |
125: | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 |
126: | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | |
127: | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1
128: FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | |
129: | | | | | | | | |
130: | | | | | | | | |
131: | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 |
132: | | | | | | | | |
133: | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | |
134: | | | | | | | |
135: *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | |
136: | | | | (?) | | | |
137: | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | |
138: | | | | / | v | |
139: | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | |
1.13 junyoung 140: | | Mac OS X | | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2
141: | | | | v | |
142: | | | | | |
1.11 itojun 143: | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | |
144: | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | v
145: | | | | v OpenBSD 2.9
146: | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 |
147: | | | | | |
148: | FreeBSD 4.4 | | NetBSD 1.5.2 |
1.12 grant 149: | | | | | |
1.15 ! junyoung 150: | | | | | OpenBSD 3.0
! 151: | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | |
! 152: | | | | | |
! 153: | FreeBSD 4.6 | | v |
! 154: | | | | NetBSD 1.5.3 |
! 155: | v | | | |
! 156: | | | v |
1.11 itojun 157: | | | |
158: FreeBSD 5.0-current | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current
159: | | | |
160: v | v v
161: Mac OS X
162: 10.1
1.1 abs 163:
164: Time
165: ----------------
166:
1.7 itojun 167: Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it
168: was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape.
1.1 abs 169:
170: [44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels,
171: and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of
172: the 4.4BSD Operating System.
1.11 itojun 173: [APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/]
1.1 abs 174: [DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape.
175: [QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX.
176: [U25] Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25.
177: [USE] Usenet announcement.
178: [KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz.
179: Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software
180: Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983.
181: [KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources,
182: Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987.
183: [KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement.
184: comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988.
185: [SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11.
186: [FBD] FreeBSD Project, The.
187: [NBD] NetBSD Project, The.
188: [OBD] OpenBSD Project, The.
189: [dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail
1.7 itojun 190: [BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc.
1.1 abs 191:
192: Multics 1965
1.6 itojun 193: UNIX Summer 1969
1.1 abs 194: DEC PDP-7
195: First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU]
196: DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler
197: Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU]
1.6 itojun 198: 10 UNIX installations
1.1 abs 199: Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU]
200: Pipes, 16 installations
201: Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU]
202: rewriting in C effected,
203: above 30 installations
204: Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU]
205: above 50 installations
206: Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU]
207: port to DEC Vax
208: Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU]
1.6 itojun 209: first portable UNIX
210: Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU]
1.1 abs 211: VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr]
212: descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr]
213: descended from 4.1 BSD [44B]
1.7 itojun 214: scooping-out and replacement of the character-device
1.1 abs 215: and networking part by the streams mechanism
216:
217: Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU]
218: Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU]
219:
220: 1BSD late 1977
221: 1978-03-09 [QCU]
222: PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1)
223: 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out
224: 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU]
225: 2BSD mid 1978 [QCU]
226: 75 2BSD tapes shipped
227: 2.7.9BSD ?? [SMS]
228: 2.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ]
229:
230: 2.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU]
231: set of performance improvements
232: 2.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ]
233: 2.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx
234: 2.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS]
235: 2.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK]
236: 2.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS]
237: 2.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS]
1.6 itojun 238: 2.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS]
1.1 abs 239:
240: 32V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU]
241: 3BSD late 1979 [QCU]
242: virtual memory, page replacement,
243: demand paging
244: 4.0BSD 1980-10-xx
1.13 junyoung 245: 4.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC]
1.1 abs 246: 4.1aBSD 1982-04-xx
247: alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B]
248: 4.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B]
249: 4.1cBSD late 1982
250: beta release, IPC [44B]
251: 4.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU]
1.13 junyoung 252: 1983-08-03 [DOC]
1.1 abs 253: 4.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU]
1.13 junyoung 254: 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC]
255: 4.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC]
1.1 abs 256: 4.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU]
1.13 junyoung 257: 1989-01-01 [DOC]
258: 4.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC]
259: 4.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC]
1.7 itojun 260:
261: BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI]
262: first code released to people outside BSDI
1.1 abs 263: 386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC]
1.7 itojun 264: BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers
265: BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version
266: 386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC]
1.1 abs 267: 4.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07
1.7 itojun 268: BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI]
269: first external gamma; G customers
270: BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI]
271: would have been 1.0 except for request
272: for preliminary injunction
273: BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI]
274: injunction denied; first official release
1.6 itojun 275: NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD]
1.1 abs 276: 4.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE]
277: NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD]
1.8 itojun 278: FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD]
1.7 itojun 279: BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI]
1.1 abs 280: 4.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE]
1.6 itojun 281: FreeBSD 1.1 1994-04-xx [FBD]
282: FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-xx [FBD]
283: supersedes 1.1.5 3 days after release.
284: NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD]
1.1 abs 285: 386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE]
1.6 itojun 286: FreeBSD 2.0 1995-01-xx [FBD]
1.7 itojun 287: BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based
288: FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD]
289: BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI]
1.6 itojun 290: 4.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B]
291: the true final distribution from the CSRG
1.7 itojun 292: FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD]
1.1 abs 293: NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD]
1.7 itojun 294: BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI]
295: FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD]
1.1 abs 296: NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD]
297: OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD]
1.7 itojun 298: FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD]
299: FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release)
1.11 itojun 300: Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx
1.7 itojun 301: FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD]
302: BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based
303: FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD]
304: FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD]
305: FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD]
1.6 itojun 306: NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release)
1.1 abs 307: OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD]
1.7 itojun 308: FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD]
1.1 abs 309: OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD]
1.5 abs 310: NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD]
1.7 itojun 311: FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD]
1.6 itojun 312: NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release)
1.7 itojun 313: BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI]
1.1 abs 314: OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD]
1.6 itojun 315: NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release)
1.7 itojun 316: FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD]
317: BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI]
318: 2-lock MP support, ELF executables
1.6 itojun 319: FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD]
1.7 itojun 320: FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current,
321: while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which
1.6 itojun 322: was branched quite some time after 3.0-release
1.1 abs 323: FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD]
324: OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD]
1.6 itojun 325: NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release)
326: FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD]
1.7 itojun 327: BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI]
1.4 abs 328: NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD]
1.6 itojun 329: FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD]
1.4 abs 330: OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD]
1.6 itojun 331: NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release)
332: FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD]
333: OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD]
334: FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD]
1.7 itojun 335: BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI]
1.6 itojun 336: FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD]
337: NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release)
338: OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD]
339: FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD]
340: FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD]
341: FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD]
342: FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release)
1.7 itojun 343: FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD]
344: NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release)
345: BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI]
346: OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD]
347: NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD]
1.11 itojun 348: Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL]
1.8 itojun 349: FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD]
350: OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD]
1.11 itojun 351: NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release)
352: NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release)
353: FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD]
354: Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-xx [APL]
1.13 junyoung 355: OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD]
356: FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD]
357: FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-xx [FBD]
1.14 junyoung 358: NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release)
1.1 abs 359:
360:
361: Bibliography
362: ------------------------
363:
364: Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John
365: Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating
366: System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1
367:
368: Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing
369: Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5
370:
371: McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John
372: Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating
373: System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4
374:
375: Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader.
376:
377: Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix.
378: Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the
379: Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993.
380:
1.6 itojun 381: Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994.
1.9 itojun 382: URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm (unreachable)
1.1 abs 383:
384: Andreas Klemm, Lars Köller. If you're going to San Francisco ...
385: Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff.
386:
387: BSD Release Announcements collection.
1.6 itojun 388: URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/
1.1 abs 389:
390: BSD Hypertext Man Pages
1.9 itojun 391: URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi
1.6 itojun 392:
393: UNIX history graphing project
1.9 itojun 394: URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html
1.6 itojun 395:
396: UNIX history
1.9 itojun 397: URL: http://perso.wanadoo.fr/levenez/unix/
1.1 abs 398:
1.8 itojun 399: James Howard: The BSD Family Tree
1.9 itojun 400: URL: http://www.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html
1.8 itojun 401: ("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?")
402:
403:
1.1 abs 404: Acknowledgments
405: ---------------
406:
1.6 itojun 407: Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old
1.1 abs 408: original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes.
409:
410: Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages.
411:
412: --
1.8 itojun 413: Copyright (c) 1997-2001 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG>
1.7 itojun 414: URL: ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/branches/-current/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree
1.1 abs 415:
1.13 junyoung 416: $FreeBSD: src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree,v 1.58 2002/03/10 19:00:37 wosch Exp $