Annotation of src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree, Revision 1.11.2.10
1.6 itojun 1: The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD
2: ---------------------------------------------
1.1 abs 3:
4: First Edition (V1)
5: |
6: Second Edition (V2)
7: |
8: Third Edition (V3)
9: |
10: Fourth Edition (V4)
11: |
12: Fifth Edition (V5)
13: |
14: Sixth Edition (V6) -----*
15: \ |
16: \ |
17: \ |
18: Seventh Edition (V7) |
19: \ |
20: \ 1BSD
21: 32V |
22: \ 2BSD---------------*
23: \ / |
24: \ / |
25: \/ |
26: 3BSD |
27: | |
28: 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD
29: | |
1.6 itojun 30: 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD
31: | |
32: 4.1aBSD -----------\ |
33: | \ |
34: 4.1bBSD \ |
35: | \ |
36: *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD
37: / | |
38: Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo
1.1 abs 39: | | |
40: +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD
41: | | |
42: +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD
43: | | / |
44: Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD
45: | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ |
46: | | \ |
47: | | \ |
48: v | 2.11BSD
49: Tenth Edition | |
1.6 itojun 50: | 2.11BSD rev #430
1.1 abs 51: 4.3BSD NET/1 |
52: | v
53: 4.3BSD Reno
54: |
55: *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------*
56: | | | |
1.7 itojun 57: 386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA
1.1 abs 58: | | | |
1.7 itojun 59: 386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13]
1.1 abs 60: | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha |
1.7 itojun 61: | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34]
1.1 abs 62: | | 4.4BSD |
63: | | / | |
64: | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | |
1.7 itojun 65: | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0
1.1 abs 66: | | | |
1.7 itojun 67: FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1
68: | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite |
69: FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ |
70: | | / / | \ |
71: FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ |
72: | / | / | \ |
73: FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ |
74: | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ |
75: | / | | \ |
76: FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0
77: | \ | |
78: FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1
1.11 itojun 79: | .-----\------------- 4.4BSD Lite2 |
80: | | \ | | | | |
81: | | .-----|------Rhapsody | | | |
82: | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | | |
83: | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 | |
84: | | | | BSD/OS 3.0 |
85: FreeBSD 2.1 | | | |
86: | | | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1
87: | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | | | \ |
88: | | | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0
89: | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | | | \ OpenBSD 2.0 |
90: | | | | | \ | |
91: | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | | | \ | |
92: | | | | | \ | |
93: | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | | | |
94: | | | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | |
95: | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | | | |
96: | | | | | |
97: | | | | | |
98: *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | | | |
99: | \ | | | | |
100: | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | | | |
101: | | | | | | |
102: | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | | | OpenBSD 2.1 |
103: | | | | | | |
104: | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | | | |
105: | | | | | OpenBSD 2.2 |
106: | | | | NetBSD 1.3 | |
107: | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | | | |
108: | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1
109: | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 |
110: | | | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | |
111: | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | | | |
112: | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0
113: | v | | | | | |
114: | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | | | |
115: | | | | | OpenBSD 2.4 |
116: FreeBSD 3.0 <--------* | | v | |
117: | | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | |
118: *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | | |
119: | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1
120: | FreeBSD 3.2----* | NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 |
121: | | | | | | | | |
122: | | | | | | | | |
123: | | | | | | | | |
124: | FreeBSD 3.3 | | | | NetBSD 1.4.1 | |
125: | | | | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 |
126: | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | | | | |
127: | | | | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1
128: FreeBSD 4.0 | | | | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | |
129: | | | | | | | | |
130: | | | | | | | | |
131: | FreeBSD 3.5 | | | | | OpenBSD 2.7 |
132: | | | | | | | | |
133: | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | | | | |
134: | | | | | | | |
135: *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | | | | |
136: | | | | (?) | | | |
137: | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | / | | | |
1.11.2.5 tron 138: | | | | / | | | |
1.11 itojun 139: | FreeBSD 4.2 Darwin/ | NetBSD 1.4.3 | |
1.11.2.8 tron 140: | | Mac OS X | | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2
141: | | | | v | |
1.11.2.2 tron 142: | | | | | |
1.11 itojun 143: | | 10.0 NetBSD 1.5 | |
1.11.2.6 tron 144: | FreeBSD 4.3 | | | | |
145: | | | | | OpenBSD 2.9 |
146: | | | | NetBSD 1.5.1 | |
147: | | | | | | |
148: | FreeBSD 4.4-. | | NetBSD 1.5.2 | |
149: | | | Mac OS X | | | |
150: | | | 10.1 | | OpenBSD 3.0 |
151: | FreeBSD 4.5 | | | | | |
152: | | \ | | | | BSD/OS 4.3
153: | FreeBSD 4.6 \ | | | OpenBSD 3.1 |
1.11.2.10! tron 154: | | \ | | NetBSD 1.5.3 | |
! 155: | FreeBSD 4.6.2 Mac OS X | | | |
! 156: | | 10.2 | v | |
! 157: | FreeBSD 4.7 | | | |
! 158: | | | NetBSD 1.6 OpenBSD 3.2 |
! 159: | FreeBSD 4.8 | | | | |
! 160: | | | | NetBSD 1.6.1 | |
! 161: | v | | | OpenBSD 3.3 |
! 162: | | | v | |
! 163: FreeBSD 5.0 | | | |
! 164: | | | | BSD/OS 5.0
! 165: FreeBSD 5.1 | NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current |
! 166: | | | | v
! 167: FreeBSD 5 -current | | |
1.11 itojun 168: | | | |
1.11.2.6 tron 169: v v v v
1.1 abs 170:
171: Time
172: ----------------
173:
1.7 itojun 174: Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it
175: was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape.
1.1 abs 176:
177: [44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels,
178: and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of
179: the 4.4BSD Operating System.
1.11 itojun 180: [APL] Apple website [http://www.apple.com/macosx/]
1.11.2.6 tron 181: [BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc.
1.1 abs 182: [DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape.
1.11.2.6 tron 183: [FBD] FreeBSD Project, The.
1.1 abs 184: [KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources,
185: Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987.
186: [KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement.
187: comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988.
1.11.2.6 tron 188: [KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz.
189: Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software
190: Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983.
1.1 abs 191: [NBD] NetBSD Project, The.
192: [OBD] OpenBSD Project, The.
1.11.2.6 tron 193: [QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX.
194: [SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11.
195: [USE] Usenet announcement.
196: [WRS] Wind River Systems, Inc.
1.1 abs 197: [dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail
198:
199: Multics 1965
1.6 itojun 200: UNIX Summer 1969
1.1 abs 201: DEC PDP-7
202: First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU]
203: DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler
204: Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU]
1.6 itojun 205: 10 UNIX installations
1.1 abs 206: Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU]
207: Pipes, 16 installations
208: Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU]
209: rewriting in C effected,
210: above 30 installations
211: Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU]
212: above 50 installations
213: Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU]
214: port to DEC Vax
215: Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU]
1.6 itojun 216: first portable UNIX
217: Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU]
1.1 abs 218: VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr]
219: descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr]
220: descended from 4.1 BSD [44B]
1.7 itojun 221: scooping-out and replacement of the character-device
1.1 abs 222: and networking part by the streams mechanism
223:
224: Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU]
225: Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU]
226:
227: 1BSD late 1977
228: 1978-03-09 [QCU]
229: PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1)
230: 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out
231: 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU]
232: 2BSD mid 1978 [QCU]
233: 75 2BSD tapes shipped
234: 2.7.9BSD ?? [SMS]
235: 2.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ]
236:
237: 2.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU]
238: set of performance improvements
239: 2.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ]
240: 2.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx
241: 2.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS]
242: 2.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK]
243: 2.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS]
244: 2.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS]
1.6 itojun 245: 2.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS]
1.1 abs 246:
247: 32V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU]
248: 3BSD late 1979 [QCU]
249: virtual memory, page replacement,
250: demand paging
251: 4.0BSD 1980-10-xx
1.11.2.2 tron 252: 4.1BSD 1981-07-08 [DOC]
1.1 abs 253: 4.1aBSD 1982-04-xx
254: alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B]
255: 4.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B]
256: 4.1cBSD late 1982
257: beta release, IPC [44B]
258: 4.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU]
1.11.2.2 tron 259: 1983-08-03 [DOC]
1.1 abs 260: 4.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU]
1.11.2.2 tron 261: 1986-04-05 [KB], [DOC]
262: 4.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-15 [QCU], [DOC]
1.1 abs 263: 4.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU]
1.11.2.2 tron 264: 1989-01-01 [DOC]
265: 4.3BSD Reno 1990-06-29 [QCU], [DOC]
266: 4.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-28 [QCU], [DOC]
1.7 itojun 267:
268: BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI]
269: first code released to people outside BSDI
1.1 abs 270: 386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC]
1.7 itojun 271: BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers
272: BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version
273: 386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC]
1.1 abs 274: 4.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07
1.7 itojun 275: BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI]
276: first external gamma; G customers
277: BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI]
278: would have been 1.0 except for request
279: for preliminary injunction
280: BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI]
281: injunction denied; first official release
1.6 itojun 282: NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD]
1.1 abs 283: 4.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE]
284: NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD]
1.8 itojun 285: FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-01 [FBD]
1.7 itojun 286: BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI]
1.1 abs 287: 4.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE]
1.6 itojun 288: FreeBSD 1.1 1994-04-xx [FBD]
289: FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-xx [FBD]
290: supersedes 1.1.5 3 days after release.
291: NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD]
1.1 abs 292: 386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE]
1.6 itojun 293: FreeBSD 2.0 1995-01-xx [FBD]
1.7 itojun 294: BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based
295: FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD]
296: BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI]
1.6 itojun 297: 4.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B]
298: the true final distribution from the CSRG
1.7 itojun 299: FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD]
1.1 abs 300: NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD]
1.7 itojun 301: BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI]
302: FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD]
1.1 abs 303: NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD]
304: OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD]
1.7 itojun 305: FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD]
306: FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release)
1.11 itojun 307: Rhapsody 1997-xx-xx
1.7 itojun 308: FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD]
309: BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based
310: FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD]
311: FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD]
312: FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD]
1.6 itojun 313: NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release)
1.1 abs 314: OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD]
1.7 itojun 315: FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD]
1.1 abs 316: OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD]
1.5 abs 317: NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD]
1.7 itojun 318: FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD]
1.6 itojun 319: NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release)
1.7 itojun 320: BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI]
1.1 abs 321: OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD]
1.6 itojun 322: NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release)
1.7 itojun 323: FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD]
324: BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI]
325: 2-lock MP support, ELF executables
1.6 itojun 326: FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD]
1.7 itojun 327: FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current,
328: while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which
1.6 itojun 329: was branched quite some time after 3.0-release
1.1 abs 330: FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD]
331: OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD]
1.6 itojun 332: NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release)
333: FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD]
1.7 itojun 334: BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI]
1.4 abs 335: NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD]
1.6 itojun 336: FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD]
1.4 abs 337: OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD]
1.6 itojun 338: NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release)
339: FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD]
340: OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD]
341: FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD]
1.7 itojun 342: BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI]
1.6 itojun 343: FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD]
344: NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release)
345: OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD]
346: FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD]
347: FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD]
348: FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD]
349: FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release)
1.7 itojun 350: FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD]
351: NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release)
352: BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI]
353: OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD]
354: NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD]
1.11 itojun 355: Mac OS X 10.0 2001-03-24 [APL]
1.8 itojun 356: FreeBSD 4.3 2001-04-20 [FBD]
357: OpenBSD 2.9 2001-06-01 [OBD]
1.11 itojun 358: NetBSD 1.5.1 2001-07-11 [NBD] (patch release)
359: NetBSD 1.5.2 2001-09-13 [NBD] (patch release)
360: FreeBSD 4.4 2001-09-18 [FBD]
1.11.2.6 tron 361: Mac OS X 10.1 2001-09-29 [APL]
1.11.2.2 tron 362: OpenBSD 3.0 2001-12-01 [OBD]
363: FreeBSD 4.5 2002-01-29 [FBD]
1.11.2.6 tron 364: BSD/OS 4.3 2002-03-14 [WRS]
365: OpenBSD 3.1 2002-05-19 [OBD]
366: FreeBSD 4.6 2002-06-15 [FBD]
1.11.2.3 tron 367: NetBSD 1.5.3 2002-07-22 [NBD] (patch release)
1.11.2.6 tron 368: FreeBSD 4.6.2 2002-08-15 [FBD] (patch release)
369: Mac OS X 10.2 2002-08-23 [APL]
370: NetBSD 1.6 2002-09-14 [NBD]
371: FreeBSD 4.7 2002-10-08 [FBD]
1.11.2.8 tron 372: OpenBSD 3.2 2002-11-01 [OBD]
1.11.2.9 tron 373: FreeBSD 5.0 2003-01-17 [FBD]
374: FreeBSD 5.0 is a separate branch off of
375: -current, similar to 3.0.
376: FreeBSD 4.8 2003-04-03 [FBD]
377: NetBSD 1.6.1 2003-04-21 [NBD] (patch release)
378: OpenBSD 3.3 2003-05-01 [OBD]
1.11.2.10! tron 379: BSD/OS 5.0 2003-05-?? [WRS]
! 380: FreeBSD 5.1 2003-06-09 [FBD]
1.11.2.9 tron 381:
1.1 abs 382:
383: Bibliography
384: ------------------------
385:
386: Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John
387: Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating
388: System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1
389:
390: Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing
391: Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5
392:
393: McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John
394: Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating
395: System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4
396:
397: Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader.
398:
399: Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix.
400: Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the
401: Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993.
402:
1.6 itojun 403: Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994.
1.9 itojun 404: URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm (unreachable)
1.1 abs 405:
1.11.2.8 tron 406: Andreas Klemm, Lars Köller. If you're going to San Francisco ...
1.1 abs 407: Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff.
408:
409: BSD Release Announcements collection.
1.6 itojun 410: URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/
1.1 abs 411:
412: BSD Hypertext Man Pages
1.9 itojun 413: URL: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi
1.6 itojun 414:
415: UNIX history graphing project
1.9 itojun 416: URL: http://minnie.tuhs.org/Unix_History/index.html
1.6 itojun 417:
418: UNIX history
1.11.2.6 tron 419: URL: http://www.levenez.com/unix/
1.1 abs 420:
1.8 itojun 421: James Howard: The BSD Family Tree
1.9 itojun 422: URL: http://www.daemonnews.org/200104/bsd_family.html
1.8 itojun 423: ("what are the differences between FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD?")
424:
425:
1.1 abs 426: Acknowledgments
427: ---------------
428:
1.6 itojun 429: Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old
1.1 abs 430: original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes.
431:
432: Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages.
433:
434: --
1.8 itojun 435: Copyright (c) 1997-2001 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG>
1.7 itojun 436: URL: ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/branches/-current/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree
1.1 abs 437:
1.11.2.10! tron 438: $FreeBSD: src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree,v 1.73 2003/08/21 16:48:38 murray Exp $
CVSweb <webmaster@jp.NetBSD.org>