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Diff for /src/external/public-domain/tz/dist/australasia between version 1.1.1.1 and 1.1.1.1.4.7

version 1.1.1.1, 2014/08/08 08:56:48

version 1.1.1.1.4.7, 2017/11/05 20:42:18

Line 44 Zone Australia/Perth 7:43:24 - LMT 1895

8:00 Aus AW%sT 1943 Jul

8:00 AW AW%sT

Zone Australia/Eucla 8:35:28 - LMT 1895 Dec

8:45 Aus ACW%sT 1943 Jul

8:45 Aus +0845/+0945 1943 Jul

8:45 AW ACW%sT

8:45 AW +0845/+0945

# Queensland

Line 60 Zone Australia/Eucla 8:35:28 - LMT 1895

# Hamilton is the largest, but there is also a Hamilton in Victoria,

# so use Lindeman.

# From J William Piggott (2016-02-20):

# There is no location named Holiday Islands in Queensland Australia; holiday

# islands is a colloquial term used globally. Hayman and Lindeman are at the

# north and south extremes of the Whitsunday Islands archipelago, and

# Hamilton is in between; it is reasonable to believe that this time zone

# applies to all of the Whitsundays.

# http://www.australia.gov.au/about-australia/australian-story/austn-islands

# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S

Rule AQ 1971 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D

Rule AQ 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S

Line 101 Zone Australia/Adelaide 9:14:20 - LMT 18

Line 109 Zone Australia/Adelaide 9:14:20 - LMT 18

# Tasmania

# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16):

# <http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/dst_times.shtml>

# http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/dst_times.shtml

# says King Island didn't observe DST from WWII until late 1971.

# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S

Line 126 Rule AT 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0

Line 134 Rule AT 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0

Rule AT 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Australia/Hobart 9:49:16 - LMT 1895 Sep

10:00 - AEST 1916 Oct 1 2:00

10:00 1:00 AEDT 1917 Feb

10:00 Aus AE%sT 1967

10:00 AT AE%sT

Zone Australia/Currie 9:35:28 - LMT 1895 Sep

10:00 - AEST 1916 Oct 1 2:00

10:00 1:00 AEDT 1917 Feb

10:00 Aus AE%sT 1971 Jul

10:00 AT AE%sT

Line 204 Rule LH 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 S

Line 212 Rule LH 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 S

Rule LH 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0:30 D

Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT 1895 Feb

10:00 - AEST 1981 Mar

10:30 LH LH%sT

10:30 LH +1030/+1130 1985 Jul

10:30 LH +1030/+11

# Australian miscellany

Line 220 Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT

Line 229 Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT

# Permanent occupation (scientific station) 1911-1915 and since 25 March 1948;

# sealing and penguin oil station operated Nov 1899 to Apr 1919. See the

# Tasmania Parks & Wildlife Service history of sealing at Macquarie Island

# <http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/index.aspx?base=1828>

# http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/index.aspx?base=1828

# <http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/index.aspx?base=1831>.

# http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/index.aspx?base=1831

# Guess that it was like Australia/Hobart while inhabited before 2010.

# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-10):

Line 235 Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT

Line 244 Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT

# will produce a binary file with an [A]EST-type as the first 32-bit type;

# this is required for correct handling of times before 1916 by

# pre-2013 versions of localtime.

Zone Antarctica/Macquarie 0 - zzz 1899 Nov

Zone Antarctica/Macquarie 0 - -00 1899 Nov

10:00 - AEST 1916 Oct 1 2:00

10:00 1:00 AEDT 1917 Feb

10:00 Aus AE%sT 1919 Apr 1 0:00s

0 - zzz 1948 Mar 25

0 - -00 1948 Mar 25

10:00 Aus AE%sT 1967

10:00 AT AE%sT 2010 Apr 4 3:00

11:00 - MIST # Macquarie I Standard Time

11:00 - +11

# Christmas

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Indian/Christmas 7:02:52 - LMT 1895 Feb

7:00 - CXT # Christmas Island Time

7:00 - +07

# Cocos (Keeling) Is

# These islands were ruled by the Ross family from about 1830 to 1978.

# We don't know when standard time was introduced; for now, we guess 1900.

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Indian/Cocos 6:27:40 - LMT 1900

6:30 - CCT # Cocos Islands Time

6:30 - +0630

# Fiji

Line 284 Zone Indian/Cocos 6:27:40 - LMT 1900

Line 293 Zone Indian/Cocos 6:27:40 - LMT 1900

# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1096:3310-cabinet-approves-change-in-daylight-savings-dates&catid=49:cabinet-releases&Itemid=166

# A bit more background info here:

# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/fiji-dst-ends-march-2010.html

# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/fiji-dst-ends-march-2010.html

# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-10-24):

# According to Radio Fiji and Fiji Times online, Fiji will end DST 3

Line 331 Zone Indian/Cocos 6:27:40 - LMT 1900

Line 340 Zone Indian/Cocos 6:27:40 - LMT 1900

# Fiji will end DST on 2014-01-19 02:00:

# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/Media-Center/Press-Releases/DAYLIGHT-SAVINGS-TO-END-THIS-MONTH-%281%29.aspx

# From Paul Eggert (2014-01-10):

# From Ken Rylander (2014-10-20):

# For now, guess that Fiji springs forward the Sunday before the fourth

# DST will start Nov. 2 this year.

# Monday in October, and springs back the penultimate Sunday in January.

# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/Media-Center/Press-Releases/DAYLIGHT-SAVING-STARTS-ON-SUNDAY,-NOVEMBER-2ND.aspx

# This is ad hoc, but matches recent practice.

# From a government order dated 2015-08-26 and published as Legal Notice No. 77

# in the Government of Fiji Gazette Supplement No. 24 (2015-08-28),

# via Ken Rylander (2015-09-02):

# the daylight saving period is 1 hour in advance of the standard time

# commencing at 2.00 am on Sunday 1st November, 2015 and ending at

# 3.00 am on Sunday 17th January, 2016.

# From Raymond Kumar (2016-10-04):

# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/Media-Center/Press-Releases/DAYLIGHT-SAVING-STARTS-ON-6th-NOVEMBER,-2016.aspx

# "Fiji's daylight savings will begin on Sunday, 6 November 2016, when

# clocks go forward an hour at 2am to 3am.... Daylight Saving will

# end at 3.00am on Sunday 15th January 2017."

# From Paul Eggert (2017-08-21):

# Dominic Fok writes (2017-08-20) that DST ends 2018-01-14, citing

# Extraordinary Government of Fiji Gazette Supplement No. 21 (2017-08-27),

# [Legal Notice No. 41] of an order of the previous day by J Usamate.

# For now, guess DST from 02:00 the first Sunday in November to 03:00

# the first Sunday on or after January 14. Although ad hoc, it matches

# transitions since late 2014 and seems more likely to match future

# practice than guessing no DST.

# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S

Rule Fiji 1998 1999 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S

Rule Fiji 1999 2000 - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 -

Rule Fiji 2009 only - Nov 29 2:00 1:00 S

Rule Fiji 2010 only - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 -

Rule Fiji 2010 max - Oct Sun>=21 2:00 1:00 S

Rule Fiji 2010 2013 - Oct Sun>=21 2:00 1:00 S

Rule Fiji 2011 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 -

Rule Fiji 2012 2013 - Jan Sun>=18 3:00 0 -

Rule Fiji 2014 max - Jan Sun>=18 2:00 0 -

Rule Fiji 2014 only - Jan Sun>=18 2:00 0 -

Rule Fiji 2014 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S

Rule Fiji 2015 max - Jan Sun>=14 3:00 0 -

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Fiji 11:55:44 - LMT 1915 Oct 26 # Suva

12:00 Fiji FJ%sT # Fiji Time

12:00 Fiji +12/+13

# French Polynesia

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Gambier -8:59:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Rikitea

-9:00 - GAMT # Gambier Time

-9:00 - -09

Zone Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 - LMT 1912 Oct

-9:30 - MART # Marquesas Time

-9:30 - -0930

Zone Pacific/Tahiti -9:58:16 - LMT 1912 Oct # Papeete

-10:00 - TAHT # Tahiti Time

-10:00 - -10

# Clipperton (near North America) is administered from French Polynesia;

# it is uninhabited.

# Guam

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Guam -14:21:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31

9:39:00 - LMT 1901 # Agana

10:00 - GST 2000 Dec 23 # Guam

10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time

Link Pacific/Guam Pacific/Saipan # N Mariana Is

# Kiribati

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Tarawa 11:32:04 - LMT 1901 # Bairiki

12:00 - GILT # Gilbert Is Time

12:00 - +12

Zone Pacific/Enderbury -11:24:20 - LMT 1901

-12:00 - PHOT 1979 Oct # Phoenix Is Time

-12:00 - -12 1979 Oct

-11:00 - PHOT 1995

-11:00 - -11 1995

13:00 - PHOT

13:00 - +13

Zone Pacific/Kiritimati -10:29:20 - LMT 1901

-10:40 - LINT 1979 Oct # Line Is Time

-10:40 - -1040 1979 Oct

-10:00 - LINT 1995

-10:00 - -10 1995

14:00 - LINT

14:00 - +14

# N Mariana Is

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

# See Pacific/Guam.

Zone Pacific/Saipan -14:17:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31

9:43:00 - LMT 1901

9:00 - MPT 1969 Oct # N Mariana Is Time

10:00 - MPT 2000 Dec 23

10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time

# Marshall Is

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Majuro 11:24:48 - LMT 1901

11:00 - MHT 1969 Oct # Marshall Islands Time

11:00 - +11 1969 Oct

12:00 - MHT

12:00 - +12

Zone Pacific/Kwajalein 11:09:20 - LMT 1901

11:00 - MHT 1969 Oct

11:00 - +11 1969 Oct

-12:00 - KWAT 1993 Aug 20 # Kwajalein Time

-12:00 - -12 1993 Aug 20

12:00 - MHT

12:00 - +12

# Micronesia

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Chuuk 10:07:08 - LMT 1901

10:00 - CHUT # Chuuk Time

10:00 - +10

Zone Pacific/Pohnpei 10:32:52 - LMT 1901 # Kolonia

11:00 - PONT # Pohnpei Time

11:00 - +11

Zone Pacific/Kosrae 10:51:56 - LMT 1901

11:00 - KOST 1969 Oct # Kosrae Time

11:00 - +11 1969 Oct

12:00 - KOST 1999

12:00 - +12 1999

11:00 - KOST

11:00 - +11

# Nauru

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Nauru 11:07:40 - LMT 1921 Jan 15 # Uaobe

11:30 - NRT 1942 Mar 15 # Nauru Time

11:30 - +1130 1942 Mar 15

9:00 - JST 1944 Aug 15

9:00 - +09 1944 Aug 15

11:30 - NRT 1979 May

11:30 - +1130 1979 May

12:00 - NRT

12:00 - +12

# New Caledonia

# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S

Line 426 Rule NC 1996 only - Dec 1 2:00s 1:00 S

Line 454 Rule NC 1996 only - Dec 1 2:00s 1:00 S

Rule NC 1997 only - Mar 2 2:00s 0 -

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Noumea 11:05:48 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Nouméa

11:00 NC NC%sT

11:00 NC +11/+12

###############################################################################

Line 467 Zone Pacific/Auckland 11:39:04 - LMT 186

Line 495 Zone Pacific/Auckland 11:39:04 - LMT 186

11:30 NZ NZ%sT 1946 Jan 1

12:00 NZ NZ%sT

Zone Pacific/Chatham 12:13:48 - LMT 1868 Nov 2

12:15 - CHAST 1946 Jan 1

12:15 - +1215 1946 Jan 1

12:45 Chatham CHA%sT

12:45 Chatham +1245/+1345

Link Pacific/Auckland Antarctica/McMurdo

Line 489 Rule Cook 1978 only - Nov 12 0:00 0:30 H

Line 517 Rule Cook 1978 only - Nov 12 0:00 0:30 H

Rule Cook 1979 1991 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -

Rule Cook 1979 1990 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Rarotonga -10:39:04 - LMT 1901 # Avarua

-10:30 - CKT 1978 Nov 12 # Cook Is Time

-10:30 - -1030 1978 Nov 12

-10:00 Cook CK%sT

-10:00 Cook -10/-0930

###############################################################################

# Niue

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Niue -11:19:40 - LMT 1901 # Alofi

-11:20 - NUT 1951 # Niue Time

-11:20 - -1120 1951

-11:30 - NUT 1978 Oct 1

-11:30 - -1130 1978 Oct 1

-11:00 - NUT

-11:00 - -11

# Norfolk

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Norfolk 11:11:52 - LMT 1901 # Kingston

11:12 - NMT 1951 # Norfolk Mean Time

11:12 - +1112 1951

11:30 - NFT # Norfolk Time

11:30 - +1130 1974 Oct 27 02:00

11:30 1:00 +1230 1975 Mar 2 02:00

11:30 - +1130 2015 Oct 4 02:00

11:00 - +11

# Palau (Belau)

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Palau 8:57:56 - LMT 1901 # Koror

9:00 - PWT # Palau Time

9:00 - +09

# Papua New Guinea

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Port_Moresby 9:48:40 - LMT 1880

9:48:32 - PMMT 1895 # Port Moresby Mean Time

10:00 - PGT # Papua New Guinea Time

10:00 - +10

# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-13):

# Base the Bougainville entry on the Arawa-Kieta region, which appears to have

# the most people even though it was devastated in the Bougainville Civil War.

# Although Shanks gives 1942-03-15 / 1943-11-01 for UT +09, these dates

# are apparently rough guesswork from the starts of military campaigns.

# The World War II entries below are instead based on Arawa-Kieta.

# The Japanese occupied Kieta in July 1942,

# according to the Pacific War Online Encyclopedia

# https://pwencycl.kgbudge.com/B/o/Bougainville.htm

# and seem to have controlled it until their 1945-08-21 surrender.

# The Autonomous Region of Bougainville switched from UT +10 to +11

# on 2014-12-28 at 02:00. They call +11 "Bougainville Standard Time".

# See:

# http://www.bougainville24.com/bougainville-issues/bougainville-gets-own-timezone/

Zone Pacific/Bougainville 10:22:16 - LMT 1880

9:48:32 - PMMT 1895

10:00 - +10 1942 Jul

9:00 - +09 1945 Aug 21

10:00 - +10 2014 Dec 28 2:00

11:00 - +11

# Pitcairn

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Pitcairn -8:40:20 - LMT 1901 # Adamstown

-8:30 - PNT 1998 Apr 27 00:00

-8:30 - -0830 1998 Apr 27 0:00

-8:00 - PST # Pitcairn Standard Time

-8:00 - -08

# American Samoa

Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1879 Jul 5

Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1892 Jul 5

-11:22:48 - LMT 1911

-11:00 - NST 1967 Apr # N=Nome

-11:00 - SST # S=Samoa

-11:00 - BST 1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering

Link Pacific/Pago_Pago Pacific/Midway # in US minor outlying islands

-11:00 - SST # S=Samoa

# Samoa (formerly and also known as Western Samoa)

Line 544 Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1

Line 598 Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1

# Sunday of April 2011."

# Background info:

# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/samoa-dst-plan-2009.html

# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/samoa-dst-plan-2009.html

# Samoa's Daylight Saving Time Act 2009 is available here, but does not

# contain any dates:

Line 574 Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1

Line 628 Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1

# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-27):

# The International Date Line Act 2011

# http://www.parliament.gov.ws/images/ACTS/International_Date_Line_Act__2011_-_Eng.pdf

# changed Samoa from UTC-11 to UTC+13, effective "12 o'clock midnight, on

# changed Samoa from UT -11 to +13, effective "12 o'clock midnight, on

# Thursday 29th December 2011". The International Date Line was adjusted

# accordingly.

Line 608 Rule WS 2011 only - Sep lastSat 3:00 1 D

Line 662 Rule WS 2011 only - Sep lastSat 3:00 1 D

Rule WS 2012 max - Apr Sun>=1 4:00 0 S

Rule WS 2012 max - Sep lastSun 3:00 1 D

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Apia 12:33:04 - LMT 1879 Jul 5

Zone Pacific/Apia 12:33:04 - LMT 1892 Jul 5

-11:26:56 - LMT 1911

-11:30 - WSST 1950

-11:30 - -1130 1950

-11:00 WS S%sT 2011 Dec 29 24:00 # S=Samoa

-11:00 WS -11/-10 2011 Dec 29 24:00

13:00 WS WS%sT

13:00 WS +13/+14

# Solomon Is

# excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Honiara

11:00 - SBT # Solomon Is Time

11:00 - +11

# Tokelau Is

# Tokelau

# From Gwillim Law (2011-12-29)

# A correspondent informed me that Tokelau, like Samoa, will be skipping

Line 635 Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT

Line 689 Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT

# From Paul Eggert (2012-07-25)

# A Google Books snippet of Appendix to the Journals of the House of

# Representatives of New Zealand, Session 1948,

# <http://books.google.com/books?id=ZaVCAQAAIAAJ>, page 65, says Tokelau

# <https://books.google.com/books?id=ZaVCAQAAIAAJ>, page 65, says Tokelau

# was "11 hours slow on G.M.T." Go with Thorsen and assume Shanks & Pottenger

# are off by an hour starting in 1901.

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Fakaofo -11:24:56 - LMT 1901

-11:00 - TKT 2011 Dec 30 # Tokelau Time

-11:00 - -11 2011 Dec 30

13:00 - TKT

13:00 - +13

# Tonga

# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S

Line 650 Rule Tonga 1999 only - Oct 7 2:00s 1:00

Line 704 Rule Tonga 1999 only - Oct 7 2:00s 1:00

Rule Tonga 2000 only - Mar 19 2:00s 0 -

Rule Tonga 2000 2001 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S

Rule Tonga 2001 2002 - Jan lastSun 2:00 0 -

Rule Tonga 2016 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S

Rule Tonga 2017 only - Jan Sun>=15 3:00 0 -

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Tongatapu 12:19:20 - LMT 1901

12:20 - TOT 1941 # Tonga Time

12:20 - +1220 1941

13:00 - TOT 1999

13:00 - +13 1999

13:00 Tonga TO%sT

13:00 Tonga +13/+14

# Tuvalu

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 1901

12:00 - TVT # Tuvalu Time

12:00 - +12

# US minor outlying islands

Line 669 Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 190

Line 725 Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 190

# 1886-1891; Baker was similar but exact dates are not known.

# Inhabited by civilians 1935-1942; U.S. military bases 1943-1944;

# uninhabited thereafter.

# Howland observed Hawaii Standard Time (UT-10:30) in 1937;

# Howland observed Hawaii Standard Time (UT -10:30) in 1937;

# see page 206 of Elgen M. Long and Marie K. Long,

# Amelia Earhart: the Mystery Solved, Simon & Schuster (2000).

# So most likely Howland and Baker observed Hawaii Time from 1935

Line 683 Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 190

Line 739 Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 190

# Johnston

# From Paul Eggert (2014-03-11):

# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10):

# Sometimes Johnston kept Hawaii time, and sometimes it was an hour behind.

# Details are uncertain. We have no data for Johnston after 1970, so

# treat it like Hawaii for now.

# treat it like Hawaii for now. Since Johnston is now uninhabited,

# its link to Pacific/Honolulu is in the 'backward' file.

# In his memoirs of June 6th to October 4, 1945

# <http://www.315bw.org/Herb_Bach.htm> (2005), Herbert C. Bach writes,

Line 701 Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 190

Line 758 Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 190

# time from Operation Newsreel (Hardtack I/Teak shot, 1958-08-01) to the last

# Operation Fishbowl shot (Tightrope, 1962-11-04).... [See] Herman Hoerlin,

# "The United States High-Altitude Test Experience: A Review Emphasizing the

# Impact on the Environment", Los Alamos LA-6405, Oct 1976

# Impact on the Environment", Los Alamos LA-6405, Oct 1976.

# <http://www.fas.org/sgp/othergov/doe/lanl/docs1/00322994.pdf>.

# https://www.fas.org/sgp/othergov/doe/lanl/docs1/00322994.pdf

# See the table on page 4 where he lists GMT and local times for the tests; a

# footnote for the JI tests reads that local time is "JI time = Hawaii Time

# Minus One Hour".

# See 'northamerica' for Pacific/Johnston.

# Kingman

# uninhabited

# Midway

# See Pacific/Pago_Pago.

# From Mark Brader (2005-01-23):

# [Fallacies and Fantasies of Air Transport History, by R.E.G. Davies,

# published 1994 by Paladwr Press, McLean, VA, USA; ISBN 0-9626483-5-3]

# reproduced a Pan American Airways timeables from 1936, for their weekly

# "Orient Express" flights between San Francisco and Manila, and connecting

# flights to Chicago and the US East Coast. As it uses some time zone

# designations that I've never seen before:....

# Fri. 6:30A Lv. HONOLOLU (Pearl Harbor), H.I. H.L.T. Ar. 5:30P Sun.

# " 3:00P Ar. MIDWAY ISLAND . . . . . . . . . M.L.T. Lv. 6:00A "

Zone Pacific/Midway -11:49:28 - LMT 1901

-11:00 - NST 1956 Jun 3

-11:00 1:00 NDT 1956 Sep 2

-11:00 - NST 1967 Apr # N=Nome

-11:00 - BST 1983 Nov 30 # B=Bering

-11:00 - SST # S=Samoa

# Palmyra

# uninhabited since World War II; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati

Line 737 Zone Pacific/Midway -11:49:28 - LMT 1901

Line 776 Zone Pacific/Midway -11:49:28 - LMT 1901

# Wake

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Wake 11:06:28 - LMT 1901

12:00 - WAKT # Wake Time

12:00 - +12

# Vanuatu

Line 749 Rule Vanuatu 1985 1991 - Sep Sun>=23 0:0

Line 788 Rule Vanuatu 1985 1991 - Sep Sun>=23 0:0

Rule Vanuatu 1992 1993 - Jan Sun>=23 0:00 0 -

Rule Vanuatu 1992 only - Oct Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 S

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Efate 11:13:16 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Vila

11:00 Vanuatu VU%sT # Vanuatu Time

11:00 Vanuatu +11/+12

# Wallis and Futuna

# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]

Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

12:00 - WFT # Wallis & Futuna Time

12:00 - +12

###############################################################################

# NOTES

# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,

# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,

# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to

# tz@iana.org for general use in the future).

# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see

# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.

# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):

# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10):

# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is

# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:

# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),

# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).

# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.

# Gwillim Law writes that a good source

# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source

# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport

# for time zone data was the International Air Transport

# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),

# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries

# of the IATA's data after 1990.

# of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted,

# IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.

# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for

# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.

# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,

# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which

# I found in the UCLA library.

# For data circa 1899, a common source is:

# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94

# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94.

# <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.

# https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359

# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is

# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).

# I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table;

# The following abbreviations are from other sources.

# the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.

# Corrections are welcome!

# std dst

# LMT Local Mean Time

# 8:00 AWST AWDT Western Australia

# 8:45 ACWST ACWDT Central Western Australia*

# 9:00 JST Japan

# 9:30 ACST ACDT Central Australia

# 10:00 AEST AEDT Eastern Australia

# 10:00 GST Guam through 2000

# 10:00 ChST Chamorro

# 10:30 LHST LHDT Lord Howe*

# 11:30 NZMT NZST New Zealand through 1945

# 12:00 NZST NZDT New Zealand 1946-present

# 12:15 CHAST Chatham through 1945*

# 12:45 CHAST CHADT Chatham 1946-present*

# 13:00 WSST WSDT (western) Samoa 2011-present*

# -11:30 WSST Western Samoa through 1950*

# -11:00 SST Samoa

# -10:00 HST Hawaii

# - 8:00 PST Pitcairn*

# See the 'northamerica' file for Hawaii.

# See the 'southamerica' file for Easter I and the Galápagos Is.

Line 834 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

Line 866 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

# From Paul Eggert (2005-12-08):

# Implementation Dates of Daylight Saving Time within Australia

# <http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/dst_times.shtml>

# http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/dst_times.shtml

# summarizes daylight saving issues in Australia.

# From Arthur David Olson (2005-12-12):

# Lawlink NSW:Daylight Saving in New South Wales

# <http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/Corporate/ll_agdinfo.nsf/pages/community_relations_daylight_saving>

# http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/Corporate/ll_agdinfo.nsf/pages/community_relations_daylight_saving

# covers New South Wales in particular.

# From John Mackin (1991-03-06):

Line 940 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

Line 972 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

# AEST ACST AWST AEDT ACDT

# Parliamentary Library (2008-11-10)

# http://www.aph.gov.au/binaries/library/pubs/rp/2008-09/09rp14.pdf

# https://www.aph.gov.au/binaries/library/pubs/rp/2008-09/09rp14.pdf

# EST CST WST preferred for standard time; AEST AEDT ACST ACDT also used

# The Transport Safety Bureau has an extensive series of accident reports,

Line 976 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

Line 1008 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

# NSW (including LHI and Broken Hill):

# Standard Time Act 1987 (updated 1995-04-04)

# <http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/nsw/consol_act/sta1987137/index.html>

# https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/nsw/consol_act/sta1987137/index.html

# ACT

# Standard Time and Summer Time Act 1972

# <http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/act/consol_act/stasta1972279/index.html>

# https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/act/consol_act/stasta1972279/index.html

# SA

# Standard Time Act, 1898

# <http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/sa/consol_act/sta1898137/index.html>

# https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/sa/consol_act/sta1898137/index.html

# From David Grosz (2005-06-13):

# It was announced last week that Daylight Saving would be extended by

Line 1048 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

Line 1080 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

# it matches what was used in the past.

# The Australian Bureau of Meteorology FAQ

# <http://www.bom.gov.au/faq/faqgen.htm>

# http://www.bom.gov.au/faq/faqgen.htm

# (1999-09-27) writes that Giles Meteorological Station uses

# South Australian time even though it's located in Western Australia.

Line 1092 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

Line 1124 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

# From Christopher Hunt (2006-11-21), after an advance warning

# from Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-11-01):

# WA are trialing DST for three years.

# <http://www.parliament.wa.gov.au/parliament/bills.nsf/9A1B183144403DA54825721200088DF1/$File/Bill175-1B.pdf>

# http://www.parliament.wa.gov.au/parliament/bills.nsf/9A1B183144403DA54825721200088DF1/$File/Bill175-1B.pdf

# From Rives McDow (2002-04-09):

# The most interesting region I have found consists of three towns on the

Line 1106 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

Line 1138 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

# From Paul Eggert (2002-04-09):

# This is confirmed by the section entitled

# "What's the deal with time zones???" in

# <http://www.earthsci.unimelb.edu.au/~awatkins/null.html>.

# http://www.earthsci.unimelb.edu.au/~awatkins/null.html

# From Alex Livingston (2006-12-07):

# ... it was just on four years ago that I drove along the Eyre Highway,

Line 1262 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

Line 1294 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

# From Eric Ulevik (1999-05-26):

# DST will start in NSW on the last Sunday of August, rather than the usual

# October in 2000. [See: Matthew Moore,

# October in 2000. See: Matthew Moore,

# Two months more daylight saving

# Two months more daylight saving, Sydney Morning Herald (1999-05-26).

# Sydney Morning Herald (1999-05-26)

# http://www.smh.com.au/news/9905/26/pageone/pageone4.html

# <http://www.smh.com.au/news/9905/26/pageone/pageone4.html>]

# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-27):

# See the following official NSW source:

# Daylight Saving in New South Wales.

# <http://dir.gis.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/genobject/document/other/daylightsaving/tigGmZ>

# http://dir.gis.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/genobject/document/other/daylightsaving/tigGmZ

# Narrabri Shire (NSW) council has announced it will ignore the extension of

# daylight saving next year. See:

# Narrabri Council to ignore daylight saving

# <http://abc.net.au/news/regionals/neweng/monthly/regeng-22jul1999-1.htm>

# http://abc.net.au/news/regionals/neweng/monthly/regeng-22jul1999-1.htm

# (1999-07-22). For now, we'll wait to see if this really happens.

# Victoria will following NSW. See:

# Victoria will follow NSW. See:

# Vic to extend daylight saving (1999-07-28)

# <http://abc.net.au/local/news/olympics/1999/07/item19990728112314_1.htm>

# http://abc.net.au/local/news/olympics/1999/07/item19990728112314_1.htm

# However, South Australia rejected the DST request. See:

# South Australia rejects Olympics daylight savings request (1999-07-19)

# <http://abc.net.au/news/olympics/1999/07/item19990719151754_1.htm>

# http://abc.net.au/news/olympics/1999/07/item19990719151754_1.htm

# Queensland also will not observe DST for the Olympics. See:

# Qld says no to daylight savings for Olympics

# <http://abc.net.au/news/olympics/1999/06/item19990601114608_1.htm>

# http://abc.net.au/news/olympics/1999/06/item19990601114608_1.htm

# (1999-06-01), which quotes Queensland Premier Peter Beattie as saying

# "Look you've got to remember in my family when this came up last time

# I voted for it, my wife voted against it and she said to me it's all very

Line 1298 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

Line 1329 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

# Broken Hill will stick with South Australian time in 2000. See:

# Broken Hill to be behind the times (1999-07-21)

# <http://abc.net.au/news/regionals/brokenh/monthly/regbrok-21jul1999-6.htm>

# http://abc.net.au/news/regionals/brokenh/monthly/regbrok-21jul1999-6.htm

# IATA SSIM (1998-09) says that the spring 2000 change for Australian

# Capital Territory, New South Wales except Lord Howe Island and Broken

Line 1381 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

Line 1412 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

# the ACT for all 52 weeks of the year...

# We have a wrap-up here:

# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/south-australia-extends-dst.html

# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/south-australia-extends-dst.html

###############################################################################

# New Zealand

Line 1434 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

Line 1465 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-14):

# Chatham Island time was formally standardized on 1957-01-01 by

# New Zealand's Standard Time Amendment Act 1956 (1956-10-26)

# New Zealand's Standard Time Amendment Act 1956 (1956-10-26).

# <http://www.austlii.edu.au/nz/legis/hist_act/staa19561956n100244.pdf>.

# https://www.austlii.edu.au/nz/legis/hist_act/staa19561956n100244.pdf

# According to Google Books snippet view, a speaker in the New Zealand

# parliamentary debates in 1956 said "Clause 78 makes provision for standard

# time in the Chatham Islands. The time there is 45 minutes in advance of New

# Zealand time. I understand that is the time they keep locally, anyhow."

# For now, assume this practice goes back to the introduction of standard time

# in New Zealand, as this would make Chatham Islands time almost exactly match

# LMT back when New Zealand was at UTC+11:30; also, assume Chatham Islands did

# LMT back when New Zealand was at UT +11:30; also, assume Chatham Islands did

# not observe New Zealand's prewar DST.

###############################################################################

Line 1498 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

Line 1529 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

# For now, we assume the Ladrones switched at the same time as the Philippines;

# see Asia/Manila.

# US Public Law 106-564 (2000-12-23) made UTC+10 the official standard time,

# US Public Law 106-564 (2000-12-23) made UT +10 the official standard time,

# under the name "Chamorro Standard Time". There is no official abbreviation,

# but Congressman Robert A. Underwood, author of the bill that became law,

# wrote in a press release (2000-12-27) that he will seek the use of "ChST".

Line 1510 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

Line 1541 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

# "I am certain, having lived there for the past decade, that 'Truk'

# (now properly known as Chuuk) ... is in the time zone GMT+10."

# Shanks & Pottenger write that Truk switched from UTC+10 to UTC+11

# Shanks & Pottenger write that Truk switched from UT +10 to +11

# on 1978-10-01; ignore this for now.

# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):

# The Federated States of Micronesia Visitors Board writes in

# The Federated States of Micronesia - Visitor Information (1999-01-26)

# <http://www.fsmgov.org/info/clocks.html>

# http://www.fsmgov.org/info/clocks.html

# that Truk and Yap are UTC+10, and Ponape and Kosrae are UTC+11.

# that Truk and Yap are UT +10, and Ponape and Kosrae are +11.

# We don't know when Kosrae switched from UTC+12; assume January 1 for now.

# We don't know when Kosrae switched from +12; assume January 1 for now.

# Midway

Line 1537 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

Line 1568 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

# started DST on June 3. Possibly DST was observed other years

# in Midway, but we have no record of it.

# Norfolk

# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2015-09-23):

# Norfolk Island will change ... from +1130 to +1100:

# https://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2015L01483/Explanatory%20Statement/Text

# ... at 12.30 am (by legal time in New South Wales) on 4 October 2015.

# http://www.norfolkisland.gov.nf/nia/MediaRelease/Media%20Release%20Norfolk%20Island%20Standard%20Time%20Change.pdf

# From Paul Eggert (2015-09-23):

# Transitions before 2015 are from timeanddate.com, which consulted

# the Norfolk Island Museum and the Australian Bureau of Meteorology's

# Norfolk Island station, and found no record of Norfolk observing DST

# other than in 1974/5. See:

# https://www.timeanddate.com/time/australia/norfolk-island.html

# Pitcairn

Line 1564 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

Line 1609 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

# (Western) Samoa and American Samoa

# Howse writes (p 153, citing p 10 of the 1883-11-18 New York Herald)

# Howse writes (p 153) that after the 1879 standardization on Antipodean

# that in 1879 the King of Samoa decided to change

# time by the British governor of Fiji, the King of Samoa decided to change

# "the date in his kingdom from the Antipodean to the American system,

# ordaining - by a masterpiece of diplomatic flattery - that

# the Fourth of July should be celebrated twice in that year."

# This happened in 1892, according to the Evening News (Sydney) of 1892-07-20.

# https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl.htm

# Although Shanks & Pottenger says they both switched to UTC-11:30

# Although Shanks & Pottenger says they both switched to UT -11:30

# in 1911, and to UTC-11 in 1950. many earlier sources give UTC-11

# in 1911, and to -11 in 1950. many earlier sources give -11

# for American Samoa, e.g., the US National Bureau of Standards

# circular "Standard Time Throughout the World", 1932.

# Assume American Samoa switched to UTC-11 in 1911, not 1950,

# Assume American Samoa switched to -11 in 1911, not 1950,

# and that after 1950 they agreed until (western) Samoa skipped a

# day in 2011. Assume also that the Samoas follow the US and New

# Zealand's "ST"/"DT" style of daylight-saving abbreviations.

# Tonga

# From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22):

Line 1587 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

Line 1635 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

# Since Kiribati has moved the Date Line it's not clear what Tonga will do.

# Don Mundell writes in the 1997-02-20 Tonga Chronicle

# How Tonga became 'The Land where Time Begins'

# How Tonga became 'The Land where Time Begins':

# <http://www.tongatapu.net.to/tonga/homeland/timebegins.htm>:

# http://www.tongatapu.net.to/tonga/homeland/timebegins.htm

# Until 1941 Tonga maintained a standard time 50 minutes ahead of NZST

# 12 hours and 20 minutes ahead of GMT. When New Zealand adjusted its

# standard time in 1940s, Tonga had the choice of subtracting from its

Line 1661 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

Line 1709 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

# of January the standard time in the Kingdom shall be moved backward by one

# hour to 1:00am.

# From Pulu 'Anau (2002-11-05):

# From Pulu ʻAnau (2002-11-05):

# The law was for 3 years, supposedly to get renewed. It wasn't.

# From Pulu ʻAnau (2016-10-27):

# http://mic.gov.to/news-today/press-releases/6375-daylight-saving-set-to-run-from-6-november-2016-to-15-january-2017

# Cannot find anyone who knows the rules, has seen the duration or has seen

# the cabinet decision, but it appears we are following Fiji's rule set.

# From Tim Parenti (2016-10-26):

# Assume Tonga will observe DST from the first Sunday in November at 02:00

# through the third Sunday in January at 03:00, like Fiji, for now.

# From David Wade (2017-10-18):

# In August government was disolved by the King. The current prime minister

# continued in office in care taker mode. It is easy to see that few

# decisions will be made until elections 16th November.

# From Paul Eggert (2017-10-18):

# For now, guess that DST is discontinued. That's what the IATA is guessing.

# Wake

Line 1677 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

Line 1742 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

# making calculation of time in Washington difficult if not almost

# impossible.

# http://www.trumanlibrary.org/wake/meeting.htm

# https://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/andrsonv.htm

# From Paul Eggert (2003-03-23):

# We have no other report of DST in Wake Island, so omit this info for now.

Line 1705 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

Line 1770 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

# an international standard, there are some places on the high seas where the

# correct date is ambiguous.

# From Wikipedia <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_zone> (2005-08-31):

# From Wikipedia <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_zone> (2005-08-31):

# Before 1920, all ships kept local apparent time on the high seas by setting

# their clocks at night or at the morning sight so that, given the ship's

# speed and direction, it would be 12 o'clock when the Sun crossed the ship's

Line 1723 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

Line 1788 Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901

# (2005-03-20):

# The American Practical Navigator (2002)

# <http://pollux.nss.nima.mil/pubs/pubs_j_apn_sections.html?rid=187>

# http://pollux.nss.nima.mil/pubs/pubs_j_apn_sections.html?rid=187

# talks only about the 180-degree meridian with respect to ships in

# international waters; it ignores the international date line.

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