Annotation of src/external/gpl3/binutils.old/dist/binutils/doc/dlltool.1, Revision 1.7
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133: .\" ========================================================================
134: .\"
135: .IX Title "DLLTOOL 1"
1.7 ! christos 136: .TH DLLTOOL 1 "2020-04-03" "binutils-2.34" "GNU Development Tools"
1.1 christos 137: .\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
138: .\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
139: .if n .ad l
140: .nh
141: .SH "NAME"
1.7 ! christos 142: dlltool \- create files needed to build and use DLLs
1.1 christos 143: .SH "SYNOPSIS"
144: .IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
145: dlltool [\fB\-d\fR|\fB\-\-input\-def\fR \fIdef-file-name\fR]
146: [\fB\-b\fR|\fB\-\-base\-file\fR \fIbase-file-name\fR]
147: [\fB\-e\fR|\fB\-\-output\-exp\fR \fIexports-file-name\fR]
148: [\fB\-z\fR|\fB\-\-output\-def\fR \fIdef-file-name\fR]
149: [\fB\-l\fR|\fB\-\-output\-lib\fR \fIlibrary-file-name\fR]
150: [\fB\-y\fR|\fB\-\-output\-delaylib\fR \fIlibrary-file-name\fR]
151: [\fB\-\-export\-all\-symbols\fR] [\fB\-\-no\-export\-all\-symbols\fR]
152: [\fB\-\-exclude\-symbols\fR \fIlist\fR]
153: [\fB\-\-no\-default\-excludes\fR]
154: [\fB\-S\fR|\fB\-\-as\fR \fIpath-to-assembler\fR] [\fB\-f\fR|\fB\-\-as\-flags\fR \fIoptions\fR]
155: [\fB\-D\fR|\fB\-\-dllname\fR \fIname\fR] [\fB\-m\fR|\fB\-\-machine\fR \fImachine\fR]
156: [\fB\-a\fR|\fB\-\-add\-indirect\fR]
157: [\fB\-U\fR|\fB\-\-add\-underscore\fR] [\fB\-\-add\-stdcall\-underscore\fR]
158: [\fB\-k\fR|\fB\-\-kill\-at\fR] [\fB\-A\fR|\fB\-\-add\-stdcall\-alias\fR]
159: [\fB\-p\fR|\fB\-\-ext\-prefix\-alias\fR \fIprefix\fR]
160: [\fB\-x\fR|\fB\-\-no\-idata4\fR] [\fB\-c\fR|\fB\-\-no\-idata5\fR]
161: [\fB\-\-use\-nul\-prefixed\-import\-tables\fR]
162: [\fB\-I\fR|\fB\-\-identify\fR \fIlibrary-file-name\fR] [\fB\-\-identify\-strict\fR]
163: [\fB\-i\fR|\fB\-\-interwork\fR]
164: [\fB\-n\fR|\fB\-\-nodelete\fR] [\fB\-t\fR|\fB\-\-temp\-prefix\fR \fIprefix\fR]
165: [\fB\-v\fR|\fB\-\-verbose\fR]
166: [\fB\-h\fR|\fB\-\-help\fR] [\fB\-V\fR|\fB\-\-version\fR]
167: [\fB\-\-no\-leading\-underscore\fR] [\fB\-\-leading\-underscore\fR]
168: [object\-file ...]
169: .SH "DESCRIPTION"
170: .IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
171: \&\fBdlltool\fR reads its inputs, which can come from the \fB\-d\fR and
172: \&\fB\-b\fR options as well as object files specified on the command
173: line. It then processes these inputs and if the \fB\-e\fR option has
174: been specified it creates a exports file. If the \fB\-l\fR option
175: has been specified it creates a library file and if the \fB\-z\fR option
176: has been specified it creates a def file. Any or all of the \fB\-e\fR,
177: \&\fB\-l\fR and \fB\-z\fR options can be present in one invocation of
178: dlltool.
179: .PP
1.3 christos 180: When creating a \s-1DLL,\s0 along with the source for the \s-1DLL,\s0 it is necessary
1.1 christos 181: to have three other files. \fBdlltool\fR can help with the creation of
182: these files.
183: .PP
184: The first file is a \fI.def\fR file which specifies which functions are
1.3 christos 185: exported from the \s-1DLL,\s0 which functions the \s-1DLL\s0 imports, and so on. This
1.1 christos 186: is a text file and can be created by hand, or \fBdlltool\fR can be used
187: to create it using the \fB\-z\fR option. In this case \fBdlltool\fR
188: will scan the object files specified on its command line looking for
189: those functions which have been specially marked as being exported and
190: put entries for them in the \fI.def\fR file it creates.
191: .PP
1.3 christos 192: In order to mark a function as being exported from a \s-1DLL,\s0 it needs to
1.1 christos 193: have an \fB\-export:<name_of_function>\fR entry in the \fB.drectve\fR
194: section of the object file. This can be done in C by using the
1.7 ! christos 195: \&\fBasm()\fR operator:
1.1 christos 196: .PP
197: .Vb 2
198: \& asm (".section .drectve");
199: \& asm (".ascii \e"\-export:my_func\e"");
200: \&
201: \& int my_func (void) { ... }
202: .Ve
203: .PP
204: The second file needed for \s-1DLL\s0 creation is an exports file. This file
205: is linked with the object files that make up the body of the \s-1DLL\s0 and it
206: handles the interface between the \s-1DLL\s0 and the outside world. This is a
207: binary file and it can be created by giving the \fB\-e\fR option to
208: \&\fBdlltool\fR when it is creating or reading in a \fI.def\fR file.
209: .PP
210: The third file needed for \s-1DLL\s0 creation is the library file that programs
1.6 christos 211: will link with in order to access the functions in the \s-1DLL\s0 (an `import
1.1 christos 212: library'). This file can be created by giving the \fB\-l\fR option to
213: dlltool when it is creating or reading in a \fI.def\fR file.
214: .PP
215: If the \fB\-y\fR option is specified, dlltool generates a delay-import
216: library that can be used instead of the normal import library to allow
217: a program to link to the dll only as soon as an imported function is
218: called for the first time. The resulting executable will need to be
1.7 ! christos 219: linked to the static delayimp library containing _\|\fB_delayLoadHelper2()\fR,
1.1 christos 220: which in turn will import LoadLibraryA and GetProcAddress from kernel32.
221: .PP
222: \&\fBdlltool\fR builds the library file by hand, but it builds the
223: exports file by creating temporary files containing assembler statements
1.7 ! christos 224: and then assembling these. The \fB\-S\fR command-line option can be
1.1 christos 225: used to specify the path to the assembler that dlltool will use,
226: and the \fB\-f\fR option can be used to pass specific flags to that
227: assembler. The \fB\-n\fR can be used to prevent dlltool from deleting
228: these temporary assembler files when it is done, and if \fB\-n\fR is
229: specified twice then this will prevent dlltool from deleting the
230: temporary object files it used to build the library.
231: .PP
232: Here is an example of creating a \s-1DLL\s0 from a source file \fBdll.c\fR and
233: also creating a program (from an object file called \fBprogram.o\fR)
234: that uses that \s-1DLL:\s0
235: .PP
236: .Vb 4
237: \& gcc \-c dll.c
238: \& dlltool \-e exports.o \-l dll.lib dll.o
239: \& gcc dll.o exports.o \-o dll.dll
240: \& gcc program.o dll.lib \-o program
241: .Ve
242: .PP
243: \&\fBdlltool\fR may also be used to query an existing import library
244: to determine the name of the \s-1DLL\s0 to which it is associated. See the
245: description of the \fB\-I\fR or \fB\-\-identify\fR option.
246: .SH "OPTIONS"
247: .IX Header "OPTIONS"
1.7 ! christos 248: The command-line options have the following meanings:
1.1 christos 249: .IP "\fB\-d\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4
250: .IX Item "-d filename"
251: .PD 0
252: .IP "\fB\-\-input\-def\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4
253: .IX Item "--input-def filename"
254: .PD
255: Specifies the name of a \fI.def\fR file to be read in and processed.
256: .IP "\fB\-b\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4
257: .IX Item "-b filename"
258: .PD 0
259: .IP "\fB\-\-base\-file\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4
260: .IX Item "--base-file filename"
261: .PD
262: Specifies the name of a base file to be read in and processed. The
263: contents of this file will be added to the relocation section in the
264: exports file generated by dlltool.
265: .IP "\fB\-e\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4
266: .IX Item "-e filename"
267: .PD 0
268: .IP "\fB\-\-output\-exp\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4
269: .IX Item "--output-exp filename"
270: .PD
271: Specifies the name of the export file to be created by dlltool.
272: .IP "\fB\-z\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4
273: .IX Item "-z filename"
274: .PD 0
275: .IP "\fB\-\-output\-def\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4
276: .IX Item "--output-def filename"
277: .PD
278: Specifies the name of the \fI.def\fR file to be created by dlltool.
279: .IP "\fB\-l\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4
280: .IX Item "-l filename"
281: .PD 0
282: .IP "\fB\-\-output\-lib\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4
283: .IX Item "--output-lib filename"
284: .PD
285: Specifies the name of the library file to be created by dlltool.
286: .IP "\fB\-y\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4
287: .IX Item "-y filename"
288: .PD 0
289: .IP "\fB\-\-output\-delaylib\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4
290: .IX Item "--output-delaylib filename"
291: .PD
292: Specifies the name of the delay-import library file to be created by dlltool.
293: .IP "\fB\-\-export\-all\-symbols\fR" 4
294: .IX Item "--export-all-symbols"
295: Treat all global and weak defined symbols found in the input object
296: files as symbols to be exported. There is a small list of symbols which
297: are not exported by default; see the \fB\-\-no\-default\-excludes\fR
298: option. You may add to the list of symbols to not export by using the
299: \&\fB\-\-exclude\-symbols\fR option.
300: .IP "\fB\-\-no\-export\-all\-symbols\fR" 4
301: .IX Item "--no-export-all-symbols"
302: Only export symbols explicitly listed in an input \fI.def\fR file or in
303: \&\fB.drectve\fR sections in the input object files. This is the default
304: behaviour. The \fB.drectve\fR sections are created by \fBdllexport\fR
305: attributes in the source code.
306: .IP "\fB\-\-exclude\-symbols\fR \fIlist\fR" 4
307: .IX Item "--exclude-symbols list"
308: Do not export the symbols in \fIlist\fR. This is a list of symbol names
309: separated by comma or colon characters. The symbol names should not
310: contain a leading underscore. This is only meaningful when
311: \&\fB\-\-export\-all\-symbols\fR is used.
312: .IP "\fB\-\-no\-default\-excludes\fR" 4
313: .IX Item "--no-default-excludes"
314: When \fB\-\-export\-all\-symbols\fR is used, it will by default avoid
315: exporting certain special symbols. The current list of symbols to avoid
316: exporting is \fBDllMain@12\fR, \fBDllEntryPoint@0\fR,
317: \&\fBimpure_ptr\fR. You may use the \fB\-\-no\-default\-excludes\fR option
318: to go ahead and export these special symbols. This is only meaningful
319: when \fB\-\-export\-all\-symbols\fR is used.
320: .IP "\fB\-S\fR \fIpath\fR" 4
321: .IX Item "-S path"
322: .PD 0
323: .IP "\fB\-\-as\fR \fIpath\fR" 4
324: .IX Item "--as path"
325: .PD
326: Specifies the path, including the filename, of the assembler to be used
327: to create the exports file.
328: .IP "\fB\-f\fR \fIoptions\fR" 4
329: .IX Item "-f options"
330: .PD 0
331: .IP "\fB\-\-as\-flags\fR \fIoptions\fR" 4
332: .IX Item "--as-flags options"
333: .PD
1.7 ! christos 334: Specifies any specific command-line options to be passed to the
1.1 christos 335: assembler when building the exports file. This option will work even if
336: the \fB\-S\fR option is not used. This option only takes one argument,
337: and if it occurs more than once on the command line, then later
338: occurrences will override earlier occurrences. So if it is necessary to
339: pass multiple options to the assembler they should be enclosed in
340: double quotes.
341: .IP "\fB\-D\fR \fIname\fR" 4
342: .IX Item "-D name"
343: .PD 0
344: .IP "\fB\-\-dll\-name\fR \fIname\fR" 4
345: .IX Item "--dll-name name"
346: .PD
347: Specifies the name to be stored in the \fI.def\fR file as the name of
348: the \s-1DLL\s0 when the \fB\-e\fR option is used. If this option is not
349: present, then the filename given to the \fB\-e\fR option will be
1.3 christos 350: used as the name of the \s-1DLL.\s0
1.1 christos 351: .IP "\fB\-m\fR \fImachine\fR" 4
352: .IX Item "-m machine"
353: .PD 0
354: .IP "\fB\-machine\fR \fImachine\fR" 4
355: .IX Item "-machine machine"
356: .PD
357: Specifies the type of machine for which the library file should be
358: built. \fBdlltool\fR has a built in default type, depending upon how
359: it was created, but this option can be used to override that. This is
360: normally only useful when creating DLLs for an \s-1ARM\s0 processor, when the
361: contents of the \s-1DLL\s0 are actually encode using Thumb instructions.
362: .IP "\fB\-a\fR" 4
363: .IX Item "-a"
364: .PD 0
365: .IP "\fB\-\-add\-indirect\fR" 4
366: .IX Item "--add-indirect"
367: .PD
368: Specifies that when \fBdlltool\fR is creating the exports file it
369: should add a section which allows the exported functions to be
370: referenced without using the import library. Whatever the hell that
371: means!
372: .IP "\fB\-U\fR" 4
373: .IX Item "-U"
374: .PD 0
375: .IP "\fB\-\-add\-underscore\fR" 4
376: .IX Item "--add-underscore"
377: .PD
378: Specifies that when \fBdlltool\fR is creating the exports file it
379: should prepend an underscore to the names of \fIall\fR exported symbols.
380: .IP "\fB\-\-no\-leading\-underscore\fR" 4
381: .IX Item "--no-leading-underscore"
382: .PD 0
383: .IP "\fB\-\-leading\-underscore\fR" 4
384: .IX Item "--leading-underscore"
385: .PD
386: Specifies whether standard symbol should be forced to be prefixed, or
387: not.
388: .IP "\fB\-\-add\-stdcall\-underscore\fR" 4
389: .IX Item "--add-stdcall-underscore"
390: Specifies that when \fBdlltool\fR is creating the exports file it
391: should prepend an underscore to the names of exported \fIstdcall\fR
392: functions. Variable names and non-stdcall function names are not modified.
393: This option is useful when creating GNU-compatible import libs for third
394: party DLLs that were built with MS-Windows tools.
395: .IP "\fB\-k\fR" 4
396: .IX Item "-k"
397: .PD 0
398: .IP "\fB\-\-kill\-at\fR" 4
399: .IX Item "--kill-at"
400: .PD
1.3 christos 401: Specifies that \fB@<number>\fR suffixes should be omitted from the names
1.6 christos 402: of stdcall functions that will be imported from the \s-1DLL.\s0 This is
1.3 christos 403: useful when creating an import library for a \s-1DLL\s0 which exports stdcall
404: functions but without the usual \fB@<number>\fR symbol name suffix.
405: .Sp
406: This does not change the naming of symbols provided by the import library
407: to programs linked against it, but only the entries in the import table
408: (ie the .idata section).
1.1 christos 409: .IP "\fB\-A\fR" 4
410: .IX Item "-A"
411: .PD 0
412: .IP "\fB\-\-add\-stdcall\-alias\fR" 4
413: .IX Item "--add-stdcall-alias"
414: .PD
415: Specifies that when \fBdlltool\fR is creating the exports file it
416: should add aliases for stdcall symbols without \fB@ <number>\fR
417: in addition to the symbols with \fB@ <number>\fR.
418: .IP "\fB\-p\fR" 4
419: .IX Item "-p"
420: .PD 0
421: .IP "\fB\-\-ext\-prefix\-alias\fR \fIprefix\fR" 4
422: .IX Item "--ext-prefix-alias prefix"
423: .PD
424: Causes \fBdlltool\fR to create external aliases for all \s-1DLL\s0
425: imports with the specified prefix. The aliases are created for both
426: external and import symbols with no leading underscore.
427: .IP "\fB\-x\fR" 4
428: .IX Item "-x"
429: .PD 0
430: .IP "\fB\-\-no\-idata4\fR" 4
431: .IX Item "--no-idata4"
432: .PD
433: Specifies that when \fBdlltool\fR is creating the exports and library
434: files it should omit the \f(CW\*(C`.idata4\*(C'\fR section. This is for compatibility
435: with certain operating systems.
436: .IP "\fB\-\-use\-nul\-prefixed\-import\-tables\fR" 4
437: .IX Item "--use-nul-prefixed-import-tables"
438: Specifies that when \fBdlltool\fR is creating the exports and library
439: files it should prefix the \f(CW\*(C`.idata4\*(C'\fR and \f(CW\*(C`.idata5\*(C'\fR by zero an
440: element. This emulates old gnu import library generation of
441: \&\f(CW\*(C`dlltool\*(C'\fR. By default this option is turned off.
442: .IP "\fB\-c\fR" 4
443: .IX Item "-c"
444: .PD 0
445: .IP "\fB\-\-no\-idata5\fR" 4
446: .IX Item "--no-idata5"
447: .PD
448: Specifies that when \fBdlltool\fR is creating the exports and library
449: files it should omit the \f(CW\*(C`.idata5\*(C'\fR section. This is for compatibility
450: with certain operating systems.
451: .IP "\fB\-I\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4
452: .IX Item "-I filename"
453: .PD 0
454: .IP "\fB\-\-identify\fR \fIfilename\fR" 4
455: .IX Item "--identify filename"
456: .PD
457: Specifies that \fBdlltool\fR should inspect the import library
458: indicated by \fIfilename\fR and report, on \f(CW\*(C`stdout\*(C'\fR, the name(s)
459: of the associated \s-1DLL\s0(s). This can be performed in addition to any
460: other operations indicated by the other options and arguments.
461: \&\fBdlltool\fR fails if the import library does not exist or is not
462: actually an import library. See also \fB\-\-identify\-strict\fR.
463: .IP "\fB\-\-identify\-strict\fR" 4
464: .IX Item "--identify-strict"
465: Modifies the behavior of the \fB\-\-identify\fR option, such
466: that an error is reported if \fIfilename\fR is associated with
1.3 christos 467: more than one \s-1DLL.\s0
1.1 christos 468: .IP "\fB\-i\fR" 4
469: .IX Item "-i"
470: .PD 0
471: .IP "\fB\-\-interwork\fR" 4
472: .IX Item "--interwork"
473: .PD
474: Specifies that \fBdlltool\fR should mark the objects in the library
475: file and exports file that it produces as supporting interworking
476: between \s-1ARM\s0 and Thumb code.
477: .IP "\fB\-n\fR" 4
478: .IX Item "-n"
479: .PD 0
480: .IP "\fB\-\-nodelete\fR" 4
481: .IX Item "--nodelete"
482: .PD
483: Makes \fBdlltool\fR preserve the temporary assembler files it used to
484: create the exports file. If this option is repeated then dlltool will
485: also preserve the temporary object files it uses to create the library
486: file.
487: .IP "\fB\-t\fR \fIprefix\fR" 4
488: .IX Item "-t prefix"
489: .PD 0
490: .IP "\fB\-\-temp\-prefix\fR \fIprefix\fR" 4
491: .IX Item "--temp-prefix prefix"
492: .PD
493: Makes \fBdlltool\fR use \fIprefix\fR when constructing the names of
494: temporary assembler and object files. By default, the temp file prefix
495: is generated from the pid.
496: .IP "\fB\-v\fR" 4
497: .IX Item "-v"
498: .PD 0
499: .IP "\fB\-\-verbose\fR" 4
500: .IX Item "--verbose"
501: .PD
502: Make dlltool describe what it is doing.
503: .IP "\fB\-h\fR" 4
504: .IX Item "-h"
505: .PD 0
506: .IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4
507: .IX Item "--help"
508: .PD
1.7 ! christos 509: Displays a list of command-line options and then exits.
1.1 christos 510: .IP "\fB\-V\fR" 4
511: .IX Item "-V"
512: .PD 0
513: .IP "\fB\-\-version\fR" 4
514: .IX Item "--version"
515: .PD
516: Displays dlltool's version number and then exits.
517: .IP "\fB@\fR\fIfile\fR" 4
518: .IX Item "@file"
519: Read command-line options from \fIfile\fR. The options read are
520: inserted in place of the original @\fIfile\fR option. If \fIfile\fR
521: does not exist, or cannot be read, then the option will be treated
522: literally, and not removed.
523: .Sp
524: Options in \fIfile\fR are separated by whitespace. A whitespace
525: character may be included in an option by surrounding the entire
526: option in either single or double quotes. Any character (including a
527: backslash) may be included by prefixing the character to be included
528: with a backslash. The \fIfile\fR may itself contain additional
529: @\fIfile\fR options; any such options will be processed recursively.
530: .SH "SEE ALSO"
531: .IX Header "SEE ALSO"
532: The Info pages for \fIbinutils\fR.
533: .SH "COPYRIGHT"
534: .IX Header "COPYRIGHT"
1.7 ! christos 535: Copyright (c) 1991\-2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
1.1 christos 536: .PP
537: Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
538: under the terms of the \s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
539: or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
540: with no Invariant Sections, with no Front-Cover Texts, and with no
541: Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the
542: section entitled \*(L"\s-1GNU\s0 Free Documentation License\*(R".
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