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Revision 1.425.2.16.2.5, Sat Jan 18 11:23:44 2014 UTC (10 years, 2 months ago) by bouyer
Branch: netbsd-5-2
CVS Tags: netbsd-5-2-2-RELEASE
Changes since 1.425.2.16.2.4: +2 -2 lines

Update Date

.\"	$NetBSD: main,v 1.425.2.16.2.5 2014/01/18 11:23:44 bouyer Exp $
.\"
.\" Copyright (c) 1999-2008 The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
.\" All rights reserved.
.\"
.\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
.\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
.\" are met:
.\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
.\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
.\"    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
.\"    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
.\"
.\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE NETBSD FOUNDATION, INC. AND CONTRIBUTORS
.\" ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
.\" TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
.\" PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE FOUNDATION OR CONTRIBUTORS
.\" BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
.\" CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
.\" SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
.\" INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
.\" CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
.\" ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
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.\"
.ig

	To "regenerate" this file, go up one level to src/distrib/notes
	and type "make".  This will create
	src/distrib/notes/<arch>/INSTALL.*.

	The notes that describe the improvements over the last release
	aren't appropriate for a snapshot, so these are conditional on
	FOR_RELEASE. 0 == snapshot; 1 == release
..
.
.tm Processing INSTALL
.
.\"	--------------------  CONFIGURATION  --------------------
.
.nr FOR_RELEASE 1
.nr DOC_XR 1
.ds MACHINE_LIST acorn26 acorn32 algor alpha amd64 amiga amigappc arc atari
.as MACHINE_LIST " bebox cats cesfic cobalt dreamcast evbarm evbmips evbppc
.as MACHINE_LIST " evbsh3 ews4800mips hp300 hp700 hpcarm hpcmips hpcsh i386
.as MACHINE_LIST " ibmnws iyonix landisk luna68k mac68k macppc mipsco mmeye
.as MACHINE_LIST " mvme68k mvmeppc netwinder news68k newsmips next68k ofppc
.as MACHINE_LIST " playstation2 pmax prep rs6000 sandpoint sbmips
.as MACHINE_LIST " sgimips shark sparc sparc64 sun2 sun3 vax x68k xen zaurus .
.so \*[.CURDIR]/../common/macros
.
.Dd January 18, 2014
.Dt INSTALL 8
.Os NetBSD
.Sh NAME
.Nm INSTALL
.Nd Installation procedure for
.Nx*M .
.Sh CONTENTS
.Tc
.Sh DESCRIPTION
.
.Ss About this Document
.Pp
.
This document describes the installation procedure for
.Nx
\*V on the
.Em \*M
platform.
It is available in four different formats titled
.Pa INSTALL. Ns Ar ext ,
where
.Ar \&.ext
is one of
.Pa \&.ps , \&.html , \&.more ,
.No or Pa \&.txt :
.(tag \&.morex -offset indent
.It Pa \&.ps
PostScript.
.It Pa \&.html
.No Standard Internet Tn HTML .
.It Pa \&.more
The enhanced text format used on
.Ul
systems by the
.Xr more 1
and
.Xr less 1
pager utility programs.
This is the format in which the on-line
.Em man
pages are generally presented.
.It Pa \&.txt
Plain old
.Tn ASCII .
.tag)
.Pp
You are reading the
.Em \*[format]
version.
.
.if \n[i386]:\n[macppc]:\n[sparc]:\n[sparc64]:\n[amd64] \{\
.Ss "Quick install notes for the impatient"
.Pp
This section contains some brief notes describing what you need to
install
.Nx
\*V on a machine of the \*M architecture.
.Bl -bullet
.It
Fetch files needed to install
.Nx .
.if \n[i386]:\n[amd64] \{\
.Pp
Option 1: bootable CD-ROM images containing the full distribution.
.Pp
These can be found
on an FTP site near you, usually located in the
.Pa /pub/NetBSD/iso/
directory.
Check the NetBSD website for details.
.Pp
Option 2: bootable CD-ROM images from
.Pa \*M/installation/cdrom/ .
.Pp
These images are bootable, but do not contain binary sets.
They are intended for network installs or system repair.
.Pa boot.iso
is for VGA console installation, and
.Pa boot-com.iso
is for installation over serial console (com0, 9600 baud).
.Pp
Option 3: boot floppy images from
.Pa \*M/installation/floppy/ .
.Pp
.Pa boot1.fs
and
.Pa boot2.fs
are floppy images for VGA console installation.
.Pa boot-com1.fs
and
.Pa boot-com2.fs
are for installation via serial console (com0, 9600 baud).
.It
The default kernel on CD-ROMs has ACPI enabled.
This is known to cause issues on a few machines which have buggy ACPI
implementations.
.Pp
To boot with ACPI disabled, choose the "no ACPI" option from the boot menu,
or interrupt the menu and enter the
.Nx
boot prompt.
Type 
.Ic boot -2
to boot with ACPI disabled.
.\} \" amd64:i386
.if \n[macppc] \{\
The files depend on which model you
are using and how you plan to boot your machine.
For systems with built-in floppy drives (Open Firmware 1 or 2), 
fetch the pair of boot floppy images
.Pa macppc/installation/floppy/boot1.fs
and
.Pa macppc/installation/floppy/boot2.fs ,
which include the bootloader and installation kernel.
For systems without floppy drives (most are Open Firmware 3), fetch the
bootloader
.Pa macppc/installation/ofwboot.xcf
and the installation kernel
.Pa macppc/binary/kernel/netbsd-GENERIC_MD.gz .
If you have a CD-R, you can fetch the CD image,
.Pa macppccd-\*V.iso .
.\}
.if \n[sparc] \{\
Fetch a CD image,
.Pa sparccd-\*V.iso
or the floppy disk images,
.Pa sparc/install/floppy/disk1.gz No and Pa sparc/install/floppy/disk2 .
You need either the pair of floppies or the CD to boot your system.
.\}
.if \n[sparc64] \{\
This is either a CD image,
.Pa sparc64cd-\*V.iso
or the installation kernel and bootloader,
.Pa sparc64/binary/kernel/netbsd-INSTALL.gz No and Pa sparc64/installation/misc/ofwboot
which can be booted from a
.Tn Solaris
or
.Nx
partition.
.\}
.if \n[macppc]:\n[sparc]:\n[sparc64] \{\
Alternatively, you may netboot the installation kernel.  This process is
covered below, in detail.
.\}
.It
The actual binary distribution is in the
.Pa \*M/binary/sets/
directory.
When you boot the install
.if \n[i386] CD-ROM or floppies,
.if \n[macppc] kernel from floppies, hard drive, or CD-ROM,
.if \n[sparc] floppies or CD-ROM,
.if \n[sparc64] CD-ROM or installation kernel,
the installation program
can fetch these files for you (using e.g. ftp)
if you have a network connection.
There are several other methods to get the binary sets onto
your machine.
.Pp
You will at a minimum need
.ie \n[i386]:\n[amd64] \{\
one of the kernel sets, typically
.Pa kern-GENERIC.tgz ,
as well as
.\}
.el \{\
the following sets:
.Pa kern-GENERIC.tgz , 
.\}
.Pa base.tgz
and
.Pa etc.tgz .
In a typical workstation installation you will probably want
all the installation sets.
.ie \n[i386]:\n[amd64] \{\
.It
Write the CD-ROM images or floppy images out.
.Pp
Many commercial and freeware programs are available to burn CD-ROMs.
.Pp
If you have problems writing a raw image to a floppy,
the
.Ic rawrite.exe
MS-DOS program
or the
.Ic Rawrite32
Windows32 program (installed by
.Pa rawr32.exe )
in the
.Pa i386/installation/misc/
directory may be of help.
.\}
.if \n[macppc] \{\
.It
If your \*M has a floppy drive, create the pair of boot floppies using 
.Ic suntar
(MacOS 9),
.Ic rawrite
(Windows), or
.Ic dd
(any
.Ul
system with floppy support).  If your system has Open Firmware 3, drag
.Pa ofwboot.xcf No and Pa netbsd-GENERIC_MD.gz
to your hard drive icon (the top level of the drive, not the desktop).
If you are using the CD image, burn it now.
.\}
.if \n[sparc] \{\
.It
Make sure your sparc's CD-ROM drive is bootable.
Burn the CD.
Otherwise, write the floppy images directly to a pair of floppies
(after uncompressing disk1.gz).
.\}
.if \n[sparc64] \{\
.It
Burn the CD or put the installation kernel and bootloader 
at the root level of a bootable
.Tn Solaris
or
.Nx
partition.
.\}
.Pp
The disk(s) you just prepared will be used to boot the installation
kernel, which contains all the tools required to install
.Nx .
.if \n[macppc] \{\
.It
Determine your machine's model, quirks, and Open Firmware version from the
.Nx*M
Model Support webpage.
.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/ports/macppc/models.html
.Pp
At present,
.Nx*M
cannot exist on the same hard drive as
.Tn Mac OS
unless you partition your disk before running the installer.
Open Firmware versions prior to 3 require a dedicated
.Nx
drive \(em you must use the entire disk,
partitioned with the installation tools.
Open Firmware version 3 cannot boot into
.Nx
on a drive partitioned with the installation tools, you must partition
your disk before running the installer, then select the
.Dq Me "Re-install sets or install additional sets"
option in the installer (selecting the
.Dq Me "Install NetBSD to hard disk"
or
.Dq Me "Upgrade NetBSD on a hard disk"
options will render your drive unbootable).
If you are unsure, you may want to read the section below on
.Sx Partitioning your hard drive for NetBSD
.It
For systems with Open Firmware versions prior to 3, you may need to use
Apple's System Disk utility to enter Open Firmware and use your screen and
keyboard.
To enter Open Firmware, hold down the
.Key COMMAND-OPTION-O-F
keys after the boot chime starts, but before the chime ends.
Entering Open Firmware versions prior to 3 is usually the most frustrating
part of installation \(em you may want to read the section below on
.Sx Older Open Firmware System Preparation
.Pp
You should have the Open Firmware
.Dq Pa "0 \*[Gt]"
prompt on your screen before attempting to boot
.Nx*M .
.\}
.if \n[macppc] \{\
.It
At the Open Firmware prompt, type the command to boot.
To boot from the installation floppies, the command is
.Dq Ic "boot fd:0" .
For the install kernel and bootloader on your hard drive (Open Firmware
3), the command is
.Dq Ic "boot hd:,\eofwboot.xcf netbsd-GENERIC_MD.gz" .
.Pp
For boot CDs, the command is something like
.Dq Ic "boot cd:,\eofwboot.xcf netbsd.macppc"
(for Open Firmware 3) or
.Dq Ic "boot scsi-int/sd@3:0 NETBSD.MACPPC"
(for earlier Open Firmware versions).
You will need to use the correct case for
.Ic OFWBOOT.XCF No and Ic NETBSD.MACPPC
depending on how your version of Open Firmware interprets the ISO
file system.
You may need to replace
.Ic cd
with
.Ic "scsi/sd@3 , scsi-int/sd@3 , ata/atapi-disk ,"
or some other device alias.
You should also use the Open Firmware
.Ic dir
command to confirm that the
.Nx*M
kernel is called
.Pa NETBSD.MACPPC .
You may want to read the section below on
.Sx Open Firmware boot syntax
.\}
.if \n[sparc]:\n[sparc64] \{\
.It
You will need to get to the 
.if \n[sparc] OpenBoot PROM
.if \n[sparc64] OpenFirmware
.Dq Ic "ok"
prompt.
After your system first powers on and displays some initial information,
press the
.Key STOP-A
keys, or send a BREAK if you're on a serial console.
At the
.Dq Ic "ok"
prompt, type the command to boot your system into
.Nx .
.\}
.if \n[sparc] \{\
The command to boot from CD is one of the following commands (depending on
your model):
.Dq Ic b sd(,30,) ,
.Dq Ic boot sd(,30,) ,
or
.Dq Ic boot cdrom .
.Pp
The command to boot from floppy is either
.Dq Ic boot fd(,,1)
or
.Dq Ic boot floppy .
The installer will prompt you to insert the second floppy when it is ready
for it.
.\}
.if \n[sparc64] \{\
The command to boot from CD is:
.Dq Ic boot cdrom .
The command to boot the
.Nx
kernel from a 
.Tn Solaris
or
.Nx
partition depends on which disk and partition it is on.
To boot from the first partition of the first (primary) disk:
.Dq Ic "boot disk:a /ofwboot -a" .
When it asks you for a kernel, specify
.Dq Ic "netbsd-INSTALL.gz"
.\}
.It
For third-party programs which are not part of the base
.Nx
distribution, you will want to explore the
.Ic pkgsrc
system with its many thousands of third party software applications.
.El
.\}
.Ss "What is NetBSD?"
.Pp
.
The
.Nx
Operating System is a fully functional
.Tn Open Source
.Ul
operating system derived from the University of California, Berkeley
Networking Release 2 (Net/2), 4.4BSD-Lite, and 4.4BSD-Lite2 sources.
.Nx
runs on 57 different system architectures (ports)
across 15 distinct CPU families, and is being ported to more.
The
.Nx
\*V release contains complete binary releases for many different
system architectures.
(A few ports are not fully supported at this time 
and are thus not part of the binary distribution.
Please see the
.Nx
web site at
.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/
for information on them.)
.Pp
.Nx
is a completely integrated system.
In addition to its highly portable, high performance kernel,
.nh
.Nx
features a complete set of user utilities, compilers for several
languages, the X Window System, firewall software
and numerous other tools, all accompanied by full source code.
.Pp
.\" XXX Should we include some text here about NetBSD's license
.\" policies and how commercial-friendly it is?
.Nx
is a creation of the members of the Internet community.
Without the unique cooperation and coordination the net makes
possible, it's likely that
.Nx
wouldn't exist.
.
.if \n[FOR_RELEASE] \{\
.Pp
The complete list of changes can be found in the
CHANGES-5.2.2:
.Lk http://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/NetBSD-5.2.2/CHANGES-5.2.2
file in the top level directory of the NetBSD 5.2.2 release tree. An abbreviated list is as follows:
.Ss2 Security Advisory Fixes
.(bullet
NetBSD-SA2013-010:
.Lk http://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/security/advisories/NetBSD-SA2013-010.txt.asc
Use after free in Xserver handling of ImageText requests (CVE-2013-4396)
.It
NetBSD-SA2013-011:
.Lk http://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/security/advisories/NetBSD-SA2013-011.txt.asc
embryonic TCP sockets local DoS
.It
NetBSD-SA2013-012:
.Lk http://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/security/advisories/NetBSD-SA2013-012.txt.asc
Router Advertisement sysctl local Denial of Service
.It
NetBSD-SA2014-001:
.Lk http://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/security/advisories/NetBSD-SA2014-001.txt.asc
Stack buffer overflow in libXfont (CVE-2013-6462)
.It
NetBSD-SA2014-002:
.Lk http://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/NetBSD/security/advisories/NetBSD-SA2014-002.txt.asc
ntpd used as DDoS amplifier
.bullet)
.
.Pp
Advisories prior to NetBSD-SA2013-010 do not affect
NetBSD 5.2.2:
.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/support/security/patches-5.2.2.html .
.Ss2 Other Security Fixes
.(bullet
bind: Fix CVE-2014-0591. 
.bullet)
.
.Ss2 Kernel
.(bullet
Xen: remove a bogus diagostic message spamming the console.  (PR#46313):
.Lk http://gnats.netbsd.org/46313     
.bullet)
.
.\} \" \n[FOR_RELEASE]
.
.Ss "Features to be removed in a later release"
The following features are to be removed from
.Nx
in the future:
.(bullet
Support for soft dependencies, also knows as soft updates
(see
.Dq softdep
in
.Xr mount 8 )
will be removed in the next major release.
.Pp
.Nx
\*V
includes a preview of WAPBL
.Pq Write Ahead Physical Block Logging ,
which will replace soft dependencies in the next major release.
See
.Xr wapbl 4
and
.Lk http://mail-index.netbsd.org/netbsd-announce/2008/12/14/msg000051.html
for details.
.It
Support for Xen 2.0.x. The Xen-3 and hypervisor interface is diverging
from Xen-2 as development is ongoing, increasing the maintenance cost
for NetBSD.
.Pp
It should be considered as deprecated. Users are expected to not rely
on it any more beyond this major release.
.Pp
Further, at least version 3.1 of Xen will be required to run NetBSD as
Dom0 or DomU.
.bullet)
.
.Ss "The NetBSD Foundation"
.Pp
.
The
.Nx
Foundation is a tax exempt, not-for-profit 501(c)(3) corporation
that devotes itself to the traditional goals and Spirit of the
.Nx
Project and owns the trademark of the word
.Dq NetBSD .
It supports the design, development, and adoption of
.Nx
worldwide.
More information on the
.Nx
Foundation, its composition, aims, and work can be found at:
.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/foundation/
.br_ne 10P
.
.Ss "Sources of NetBSD"
.Pp
.
Refer to
.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mirrors/
.br_ne 10P
.
.Ss "NetBSD \*V Release Contents
.Pp
.
The root directory of the
.Nx
\*V release is organized as follows:
.ie \n[FOR_RELEASE] \{\
.Pp
.Pa .../NetBSD-\*V/
.(tag README.files
.It Li CHANGES
Changes between the 4.0 and 5.0 releases.
.It Li CHANGES-5.0
Changes between the initial 5.0 branch and final release of 5.0.
.It Li CHANGES-5.1
Changes between the 5.0 and 5.1 releases.
.It Li CHANGES-5.2
Changes between the 5.1 and 5.2 releases.
.It Li CHANGES-5.2.1
Changes between the 5.2 and 5.2.1 releases.
.It Li CHANGES-5.2.2
Changes between the 5.2.1 and 5.2.2 releases.
.It Li CHANGES.prev
Changes in previous
.Nx
releases.
.It Li LAST_MINUTE
Last minute changes and notes about the release.
.It Li README.files
README describing the distribution's contents.
.It Pa source/
Source distribution sets; see below.
.tag)
.Pp
In addition to the files and directories listed above, there is one
directory per architecture, for each of the architectures for which
.Nx
\*V has a binary distribution.
.Pp
The source distribution sets can be found in subdirectories of the
.Pa source
subdirectory of the distribution tree.
They contain the complete sources to the system.
The source distribution sets are as follows:
.(tag sharesrc
.It Sy gnusrc
This set contains the
.Dq gnu
sources, including the source for the compiler, assembler, groff,
and the other GNU utilities in the binary distribution sets.
.showsize 79 450
.It Sy sharesrc
This set contains the
.Dq share
sources, which include the sources for the man pages not associated
with any particular program; the sources for the typesettable document
set; the dictionaries; and more.
.showsize 7 32
.It Sy src
This set contains all of the base
.Nx
\*V sources which are not in
.Sy gnusrc ,
.Sy sharesrc ,
or
.Sy syssrc .
.showsize 59 350
.It Sy syssrc
This set contains the sources to the
.Nx
\*V kernel for all architectures as well as the
.Xr config 1
utility.
.showsize 34 197
.It Sy xsrc
This set contains the sources to the X Window System.
.showsize 127 694
.tag)
.Pp
All the above source sets are located in the
.Pa source/sets
subdirectory of the distribution tree.
.Pp
The source sets are distributed as compressed tar files.
Except for the
.Sy pkgsrc 
set, which is traditionally unpacked into
.Pa /usr/pkgsrc ,
all sets may be unpacked into
.Pa /usr/src
with the command:
.Dl # Ic "cd / ; tar -zxpf set_name.tgz"
.Pp
In each of the source distribution set directories, there are
files which contain the checksums of the files in the directory:
.(tag SHA512 -offset indent
.It Li MD5
.Tn MD5
digests in the format produced by the command:
.br
.Ic cksum -a MD5 Ar file .
.It Li SHA512
.Tn SHA512
digests in the format produced by the command:
.br
.Ic cksum -a SHA512 Ar file .
.tag)
.Pp
The SHA512 digest is safer, but MD5 checksums are provided so that a wider
range of operating systems can check the integrity of the release files.
.\}
.el \{\
.Pp
.Pa \&.../NetBSD-current/tar_files/
.(item -compact -offset indent
.Pa pkgsrc.tar.gz
.It
.Pa src/*.tar.gz
.It
.Pa xsrc/*.tar.gz
.item)
.Pp
Other directories provide unpacked source trees e.g. for distribution via
the the software update protocol (SUP) or the
concurrent version system (CVS). For more information see:
.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mirrors/
.\}
.
.
.so ../common/contents -----------------------------------------------
.
.
.(Note
Each directory in the \*M binary distribution also has its
own checksum files, just as the source distribution does.
.Note)
.br_ne 7P
.
.Ss "NetBSD/\*M System Requirements and Supported Devices"
.
.so hardware -----------------------------------------------
.br_ne 7P
.
.if \n[xen] \{.Ss "Installation options"
.br_ne 7P
.
.so instopt -----------------------------------------------
.\}
.
.Ss "Getting the NetBSD System on to Useful Media"
.
.so xfer -----------------------------------------------
.br_ne 7P
.
.Ss "Preparing your System for NetBSD installation"
.
.so prep -----------------------------------------------
.br_ne 7P
.
.ie \n[mac68k] .Ss "Installing the NetBSD System (Sysinst Method)"
.el .Ss "Installing the NetBSD System"
.
.so install -----------------------------------------------
.br_ne 7P
.
.Ss "Post installation steps"
.
.so ../common/postinstall -----------------------------------------------
.br_ne 7P
.
.Ss "Upgrading a previously-installed NetBSD System"
.
.so upgrade -----------------------------------------------
.br_ne 7P
.
.Ss "Compatibility Issues With Previous NetBSD Releases"
.Pp
.
Users upgrading from previous versions of
.Nx
may wish to bear the
following problems and compatibility issues in mind when upgrading to
.Nx
\*V.
.Pp
If your port uses X.Org and you see messages from the X server indicating
that no devices were found, you may need to run
.Ic "X -configure"
and update your existing xorg.conf to use the BusID line from the
newly-generated config file.
.Pp
Dual-head support for PC systems has become broken for many configurations
with the update to xorg-server 1.6.x, which has removed the userland PCI
configuration mechanism, and needs to rely upon the OS.
We hope to correct this for future releases.
Workaround: The only workaround is non-trivial and requires programming
several PCI BAR registers as they previously were in NetBSD 5.0.
.Pp
If you are updating to
.Nx
\*V
without the aid of sysinst or postinstall and your port uses X.Org, be sure
to remove
.Pa /usr/X11R7/lib/X11/xkb/symbols/pc
before extracting the xbase set.
In the version of X.Org shipped with 5.0, this was a directory, but in more
recent X.Org versions it is a file.
.if \n[i386]:\n[macppc]:\n[sparc]:\n[sparc64]:\n[amd64]:\n[sgimips] \{\
.Pp
On ports using X.Org, libpixman and libXfont had their major versions bumped.
This can be a source of trouble if using binary packages built on 5.0.x with
a clean install of \*V (upgrades from 5.0.x will include both old and new
versions of libpixman and libXfont).
Compatibility packages have been prepared and are available from:
.Lk ftp://ftp.NetBSD.org/pub/pkgsrc/packages/NetBSD/\*M/5.0/emulators/compat50-5.1.tgz
(or a convenient mirror).
This URL can be passed directly to the
.Xr pkg_add 1
command.
.\}
.Pp
pkg_install now depends on the pkgdb cache for automatic conflict detection.
It is recommended to rebuild the cache with
.Pp
.Dl # Ic "pkg_admin rebuild"
.Pp
.Xr audit-packages.conf 5
has been superseded by
.Xr pkg_install.conf 5 .
The default configuration is the same.
.Pp
Support for
.Xr pkg_view 1
has been retired.
.Pp
The functionality of
.Xr audit-packages 1
and
.Xr download-vulnerability-list 1
has moved into
.Xr pkg_admin 1 .
However, wrapper scripts that handle the common use cases are provided.
.Ss2 Issues when running older binaries on NetBSD \*V
.Pp
The pthread libraries from previous versions of
.Nx
require that the
.Xr sysctl 3
node
.Dv kern.no_sa_support
be set to
.Dv 0 .
This affects the following environments:
.(bullet
Running a 5.x kernel with an older userland.
.It
Running an older userland inside a chroot'ed environment on a 5.x system.
.It
Running older statically linked pthread applications.
.bullet)
.Pp
The 5.x kernel defaults to
.Dv 0
for 
.Dv kern.no_sa_support ,
which covers the first case.
However, please note that a full installation of 5.x
.Pq either from scratch or through an upgrade
will set
.Dv kern.no_sa_support
to 1 during the boot process.
This means that for the last two cases, you will have to manually set
.Dv kern.no_sa_support
to
.Dv 0 ,
using either the
.Xr sysctl 8
command or through
.Xr sysctl.conf 5 .
.Pp
Note that
.Ic sysinst
will automatically invoke
.(disp
postinstall fix
.disp)
and thus all issues that are fixed by
.Ic postinstall
by default (see below) will be handled.
.
.Ss2 Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 3.x releases
See the section below on upgrading from NetBSD 4.x as well.
.Pp
The following issues can generally be resolved by running
.Em postinstall
with the
.Sy etc
set:
.(disp
postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz check
postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix
.disp)
.Pp
Issues fixed by
.Em postinstall :
.(bullet -offset indent
Various files in
.Pa /etc
need upgrading.
These include:
.(bullet -compact -offset indent
.Pa /etc/defaults/*
.It
.Pa /etc/mtree/*
.It
.Pa /etc/daily
.It
.Pa /etc/weekly
.It
.Pa /etc/monthly
.It
.Pa /etc/security
.It
.Pa /etc/rc.subr
.It
.Pa /etc/rc
.It
.Pa /etc/rc.shutdown
.It
.Pa /etc/rc.d/*
.It
.Pa /etc/envsys.conf
.bullet)
.bullet)
.
.Pp
The following issues need to be resolved manually:
.
.(bullet -offset indent
The users
.Sq _proxy ,
.Sq _rwhod ,
and
.Sq _sdpd
and the groups
.Sq _proxy ,
.Sq _rwhod 
and
.Sq _sdpd
need to be created and the user
.Sq uucp
needs to be updated.
.It
A number of things were removed in the
.Nx
4.0
release, including: the evbsh5 port, the Fortran 77 compiler (g77), NETCCITT,
NETNS, Sendmail, Sushi, UUCP, and Vinum.  If you were using any of these,
please see the "Components removed from NetBSD" at
.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/releases/formal-4/NetBSD-4.0.html#removals
.It
The replacement of Sendmail by Postfix can be handled automatically by
.Em postinstall
but it is not done by default.
If you want to transition to Postfix, the command
.(disp
postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix mailerconf
.disp)
will update your
.Pa /etc/mailer.conf
file to use Postfix as the MTA. When using
.Ic sysinst
to upgrade the system, it will ask if you want this to be done.
.Pp
Note that if you have a customized
Sendmail setup, you need to set up Postfix in an equivalent way; there
is no tool for automatic conversion of Sendmail configuration to a
Postfix one.
.Pp
Postfix will be started automatically when the system boots.
You may see messages like "$sendmail is not set properly" at boot.
You can suppress them by removing
.Pa /etc/rc.d/sendmail
and
.Pa /etc/rc.d/smmsp .
Those files and other parts of sendmail configuration like files under
.Pa /usr/share/sendmail
are not removed by default
while upgrading for those who want to continue using sendmail from
outside the base system.
If you want to delete them,
.Em postinstall
can be used:
.(disp
postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix sendmail
.disp)
.bullet)
.
.Ss2 Issues affecting an upgrade from NetBSD 4.x releases
.Pp
The following issues can generally be resolved by running
.Em postinstall
with the
.Sy etc
set:
.(disp
postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz check
postinstall -s /path/to/etc.tgz fix
.disp)
.Pp
Issues fixed by
.Em postinstall :
.(bullet -offset indent
Various files in
.Pa /etc
need upgrading.
These include:
.(bullet -compact -offset indent
.Pa /etc/defaults/*
.It
.Pa /etc/mtree/*
.It
.Pa /etc/daily
.It
.Pa /etc/weekly
.It
.Pa /etc/monthly
.It
.Pa /etc/security
.It
.Pa /etc/rc.subr
.It
.Pa /etc/rc
.It
.Pa /etc/rc.shutdown
.It
.Pa /etc/rc.d/*
.It
.Pa /etc/envsys.conf
.bullet)
.bullet)
.
.Pp
The following issues need to be resolved manually:
.
.(bullet -offset indent
The users
.Sq _httpd
and
.Sq _timedc
and the groups
.Sq _httpd
and
.Sq _timedc
need to be created.
.It
Unprivileged use of the
.Xr mount 8
command now requires the
.Ar nosuid
and
.Ar nodev
options to be explicitly specified.
Previously, these options were automatically enforced even if they
were not explicitly specified.
.It
A number of things have been removed from the
.Nx
\*V release.
See the "Components removed from NetBSD" section near the beginning of
this document for a list.
.bullet)
.
.Ss "Using online NetBSD documentation"
.Pp
Documentation is available if you installed the manual
distribution set.
Traditionally, the
.Dq man pages
(documentation) are denoted by
.Sq Li name(section) .
Some examples of this are
.Pp
.(bullet -compact -offset indent
.Xr intro 1 ,
.It
.Xr man 1 ,
.It
.Xr apropos 1 ,
.It
.Xr passwd 1 ,
and
.It
.Xr passwd 5 .
.bullet)
.Pp
The section numbers group the topics into several categories, but three
are of primary interest: user commands are in section 1, file formats
are in section 5, and administrative information is in section 8.
.Pp
.No The Em man
command is used to view the documentation on a topic, and is
started by entering
.Ic man
.Op Ar section
.Ar topic .
The brackets
.Op \&
around the
section should not be entered, but rather indicate that the section is
optional.
If you don't ask for a particular section, the topic with the
lowest numbered section name will be displayed.
For instance, after logging in, enter
.Pp
.Dl # Ic "man passwd"
.Pp
to read the documentation for
.Xr passwd 1 .
To view the documentation for
.Xr passwd 5 ,
enter
.Pp
.Dl # Ic "man 5 passwd"
.Pp
instead.
.Pp
If you are unsure of what man page you are looking for, enter
.Pp
.Dl # Ic apropos Ar subject-word
.Pp
where
.Ar subject-word
is your topic of interest; a list of possibly
related man pages will be displayed.
.
.Ss Administrivia
.Pp
.
If you've got something to say, do so!
We'd like your input.
There are various mailing lists available via the mailing list
server at
.Mt majordomo@NetBSD.org .
To get help on using the mailing
list server, send mail to that address with an empty body, and it will
reply with instructions.  See
.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mailinglists/
for a web interface.
.Pp
There are various mailing lists set up to deal with comments and
questions about this release.
Please send comments to:
.Mt netbsd-comments@NetBSD.org .
.Pp
To report bugs, use the
.Xr send-pr 1
command shipped with
.Nx ,
and fill in as much information about the problem as you can.
Good bug reports include lots of details.
.Pp
Bugs also can be submitted and queried with the web interface at
.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/support/send-pr.html
.Pp
There are also port-specific mailing lists, to discuss aspects of
each port of
.Nx .
Use majordomo to find their addresses, or visit
.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/mailinglists/
.Pp
If
you're interested in doing a serious amount of work on a specific
port, you probably should contact the
.Sq owner
of that port (listed
below).
.Pp
If you'd like to help with this effort, and have an idea as to how
you could be useful, send us mail or subscribe to:
.Mt netbsd-users@NetBSD.org .
.Pp
As a favor, please avoid mailing huge documents or files to these
mailing lists.
Instead, put the material you would have sent up for FTP or WWW somewhere,
then mail the appropriate list about it, or, if you'd rather not do that,
mail the list saying you'll send the data to those who want it.
.
.Ss Thanks go to
.
.(bullet
The former members of UCB's Computer Systems Research Group,
including (but not limited to):
.Bd -unfilled -offset indent
Keith Bostic
Ralph Campbell
Mike Karels
Marshall Kirk McKusick
.Ed
.Pp
for their work on
.Bx
systems, support, and encouragement.
.It
The Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. for hosting the
.Nx
FTP, CVS, AnonCVS, mail, mail archive, GNATS, SUP, Rsync and WWW servers.
.It
The Internet Research Institute in Japan for hosting the server
which runs the CVSweb interface to the
.Nx
source tree.
.It
The Lule\[oa] Academic Computer Society for providing the backup
services server.
.It
The Columbia University Computer Science Department for hosting
the NYC build cluster.
.It
The Western Washington University Computer Science Department
for running the WWU build cluster.
.It
The many organizations that provide
.Nx
mirror sites.
.It
Without CVS, this project would be impossible to manage, so our hats
go off to Brian Berliner, Jeff Polk, and the various other people
who've had a hand in making CVS a useful tool.
.It
We list the individuals and organizations
that have made donations or loans of hardware and/or money, to support
.Nx
development, and deserve credit for it at
.Lk http://www.NetBSD.org/donations/
(If you're not on that list and should be, tell us!
We probably were not able to get in touch with you, to verify that you
wanted to be listed.)
.It
Finally, we thank all of the people who've put sweat and tears into
developing
.Nx
since its inception in January, 1993.
(Obviously, there are a lot more people who deserve thanks here.
If you're one of them, and would like to be mentioned, tell us!)
.bullet)
.
.Ss "We are..."
.
.Pp
(in alphabetical order)
.Pp
.
.
.Bl -column xxx "Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino" ".Mt sommerfeld@NetBSD.org" ".Sy playstation2"
.
.br_ne 1i
.It Em "The NetBSD core group:"
.It Ta Ta
.It Ta Alistair Crooks Ta Mt agc@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Quentin Garnier Ta Mt cube@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt@NetBSD.org
.It Ta YAMAMOTO Takashi Ta Mt yamt@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Christos Zoulas Ta Mt christos@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Ta
.
.br_ne 2i
.It Em "The portmasters (and their ports):"
.\"
.\" XXX created by list-portmasters.pl
.\"
.It Ta Erik Berls                 Ta Mt      cyber@NetBSD.org Ta Sy cobalt
.It Ta Manuel Bouyer              Ta Mt     bouyer@NetBSD.org Ta Sy xen
.It Ta Simon Burge                Ta Mt     simonb@NetBSD.org Ta Sy evbmips
.It Ta Simon Burge                Ta Mt     simonb@NetBSD.org Ta Sy pmax
.It Ta Simon Burge                Ta Mt     simonb@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sbmips
.It Ta Julian Coleman             Ta Mt        jdc@NetBSD.org Ta Sy atari
.It Ta Marcus Comstedt            Ta Mt     marcus@NetBSD.org Ta Sy dreamcast
.It Ta Andrew Doran               Ta Mt         ad@NetBSD.org Ta Sy amd64
.It Ta Andrew Doran               Ta Mt         ad@NetBSD.org Ta Sy i386
.It Ta Matthias Drochner          Ta Mt   drochner@NetBSD.org Ta Sy cesfic
.It Ta Gavan Fantom               Ta Mt      gavan@NetBSD.org Ta Sy iyonix
.It Ta Jaime A Fournier           Ta Mt       ober@NetBSD.org Ta Sy zaurus
.It Ta Matt Fredette              Ta Mt   fredette@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sun2
.It Ta Ichiro FUKUHARA            Ta Mt     ichiro@NetBSD.org Ta Sy hpcarm
.It Ta Chris Gilbert              Ta Mt      chris@NetBSD.org Ta Sy cats
.It Ta Ben Harris                 Ta Mt      bjh21@NetBSD.org Ta Sy acorn26
.It Ta Ross Harvey                Ta Mt       ross@NetBSD.org Ta Sy alpha
.It Ta Nick Hudson                Ta Mt      skrll@NetBSD.org Ta Sy hp700
.It Ta Martin Husemann            Ta Mt     martin@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sparc64
.It Ta IWAMOTO Toshihiro          Ta Mt     toshii@NetBSD.org Ta Sy hpcarm
.It Ta Darrin Jewell              Ta Mt        dbj@NetBSD.org Ta Sy next68k
.It Ta S\(/oren J\(/orvang        Ta Mt      soren@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sgimips
.It Ta Wayne Knowles              Ta Mt        wdk@NetBSD.org Ta Sy mipsco
.It Ta Takayoshi Kochi            Ta Mt      kochi@NetBSD.org Ta Sy ia64
.It Ta Paul Kranenburg            Ta Mt         pk@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sparc
.It Ta Michael Lorenz             Ta Mt   macallan@NetBSD.org Ta Sy macppc
.It Ta Anders Magnusson           Ta Mt      ragge@NetBSD.org Ta Sy vax
.It Ta Cherry G. Mathew           Ta Mt     cherry@NetBSD.org Ta Sy ia64
.It Ta NISHIMURA Takeshi          Ta Mt    nsmrtks@NetBSD.org Ta Sy x68k
.It Ta Tohru Nishimura            Ta Mt   nisimura@NetBSD.org Ta Sy luna68k
.It Ta Tohru Nishimura            Ta Mt   nisimura@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sandpoint
.It Ta Andrey Petrov              Ta Mt     petrov@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sparc64
.It Ta Scott Reynolds             Ta Mt     scottr@NetBSD.org Ta Sy mac68k
.It Ta Tim Rightnour              Ta Mt    garbled@NetBSD.org Ta Sy ofppc
.It Ta Tim Rightnour              Ta Mt    garbled@NetBSD.org Ta Sy prep
.It Ta Tim Rightnour              Ta Mt    garbled@NetBSD.org Ta Sy rs6000
.It Ta Noriyuki Soda              Ta Mt       soda@NetBSD.org Ta Sy arc
.It Ta Ignatios Souvatzis         Ta Mt         is@NetBSD.org Ta Sy amiga
.It Ta Jonathan Stone             Ta Mt   jonathan@NetBSD.org Ta Sy pmax
.It Ta Shin Takemura              Ta Mt   takemura@NetBSD.org Ta Sy hpcmips
.It Ta Matt Thomas                Ta Mt       matt@NetBSD.org Ta Sy alpha
.It Ta Matt Thomas                Ta Mt       matt@NetBSD.org Ta Sy netwinder
.It Ta Jason Thorpe               Ta Mt    thorpej@NetBSD.org Ta Sy algor
.It Ta Jason Thorpe               Ta Mt    thorpej@NetBSD.org Ta Sy evbarm
.It Ta Jason Thorpe               Ta Mt    thorpej@NetBSD.org Ta Sy shark
.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui              Ta Mt    tsutsui@NetBSD.org Ta Sy ews4800mips
.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui              Ta Mt    tsutsui@NetBSD.org Ta Sy hp300
.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui              Ta Mt    tsutsui@NetBSD.org Ta Sy news68k
.It Ta Valeriy E. Ushakov         Ta Mt        uwe@NetBSD.org Ta Sy landisk
.It Ta Nathan Williams            Ta Mt    nathanw@NetBSD.org Ta Sy sun3
.It Ta Steve Woodford             Ta Mt        scw@NetBSD.org Ta Sy evbppc
.It Ta Steve Woodford             Ta Mt        scw@NetBSD.org Ta Sy mvme68k
.It Ta Steve Woodford             Ta Mt        scw@NetBSD.org Ta Sy mvmeppc
.It Ta Reinoud Zandijk            Ta Mt    reinoud@NetBSD.org Ta Sy acorn32
.It Ta Ta Ta
.
.br_ne 1i
.It Em "The NetBSD \*V Release Engineering team:"
.It Ta Ta
.It Ta Manuel Bouyer Ta Mt bouyer@NetBSD.org
.It Ta David Brownlee Ta Mt abs@NetBSD.org
.It Ta James Chacon Ta Mt jmc@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Julian Coleman Ta Mt jdc@NetBSD.org
.It Ta H\(oavard Eidnes Ta Mt he@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Liam J. Foy Ta Mt liamjfoy@NetBSD.org
.It Ta John Heasley Ta Mt heas@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Geert Hendrickx Ta Mt ghen@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Soren Jacobsen Ta Mt snj@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Phil Nelson Ta Mt phil@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jeff Rizzo Ta Mt riz@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Stephen Borrill Ta Mt sborrill@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Ta
.
.br_ne 2i
.It Em "NetBSD Developers:"
.\"
.\" Please keep in alphabetical order
.\"
.It Ta Ta
.It Ta Nathan Ahlstrom Ta Mt nra@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Steve Allen Ta Mt wormey@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jukka Andberg Ta Mt jandberg@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Julian Assange Ta Mt proff@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Lennart Augustsson Ta Mt augustss@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Christoph Badura Ta Mt bad@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Bang Jun-Young Ta Mt junyoung@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Dieter Baron Ta Mt dillo@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Robert V. Baron Ta Mt rvb@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Alan Barrett Ta Mt apb@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Grant Beattie Ta Mt grant@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jason Beegan Ta Mt jtb@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Erik Berls Ta Mt cyber@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Hiroyuki Bessho Ta Mt bsh@NetBSD.org
.It Ta John Birrell Ta Mt jb@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Mason Loring Bliss Ta Mt mason@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Charles Blundell Ta Mt cb@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Rafal Boni Ta Mt rafal@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Stephen Borrill Ta Mt sborrill@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Sean Boudreau Ta Mt seanb@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Manuel Bouyer Ta Mt bouyer@NetBSD.org
.It Ta John Brezak Ta Mt brezak@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Allen Briggs Ta Mt briggs@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Mark Brinicombe Ta Mt mark@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Aaron Brown Ta Mt abrown@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Andrew Brown Ta Mt atatat@NetBSD.org
.It Ta David Brownlee Ta Mt abs@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Frederick Bruckman Ta Mt fredb@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jon Buller Ta Mt jonb@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Simon Burge Ta Mt simonb@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Robert Byrnes Ta Mt byrnes@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Pavel Cahyna Ta Mt pavel@NetBSD.org
.It Ta D'Arcy J.M. Cain Ta Mt darcy@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Daniel Carosone Ta Mt dan@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Dave Carrel Ta Mt carrel@NetBSD.org
.It Ta James Chacon Ta Mt jmc@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Mihai Chelaru Ta Mt kefren@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Bill Coldwell Ta Mt billc@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Julian Coleman Ta Mt jdc@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Ben Collver Ta Mt ben@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Marcus Comstedt Ta Mt marcus@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jeremy Cooper Ta Mt jeremy@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Chuck Cranor Ta Mt chuck@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Alistair Crooks Ta Mt agc@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Aidan Cully Ta Mt aidan@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Garrett D'Amore Ta Mt gdamore@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Johan Danielsson Ta Mt joda@NetBSD.org
.It Ta John Darrow Ta Mt jdarrow@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jed Davis Ta Mt jld@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Matt DeBergalis Ta Mt deberg@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Arnaud Degroote Ta Mt degroote@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Rob Deker Ta Mt deker@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Chris G. Demetriou Ta Mt cgd@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Tracy Di Marco White Ta Mt gendalia@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jarom\('ir Dolecek Ta Mt jdolecek@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Andy Doran Ta Mt ad@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Roland Dowdeswell Ta Mt elric@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Emmanuel Dreyfus Ta Mt manu@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Matthias Drochner Ta Mt drochner@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jun Ebihara Ta Mt jun@NetBSD.org
.It Ta H\(oavard Eidnes Ta Mt he@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jaime A Fournier Ta Mt ober@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Stoned Elipot Ta Mt seb@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Michael van Elst Ta Mt mlelstv@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Enami Tsugutomo Ta Mt enami@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Bernd Ernesti Ta Mt veego@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Erik Fair Ta Mt fair@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Gavan Fantom Ta Mt gavan@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Hauke Fath Ta Mt hauke@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Hubert Feyrer Ta Mt hubertf@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jason R. Fink Ta Mt jrf@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Matt J. Fleming Ta Mt mjf@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Marty Fouts Ta Mt marty@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Liam J. Foy Ta Mt liamjfoy@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Matt Fredette Ta Mt fredette@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Thorsten Frueauf Ta Mt frueauf@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Castor Fu Ta Mt castor@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Ichiro Fukuhara Ta Mt ichiro@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Quentin Garnier Ta Mt cube@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Thomas Gerner Ta Mt thomas@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Simon J. Gerraty Ta Mt sjg@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Justin Gibbs Ta Mt gibbs@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Chris Gilbert Ta Mt chris@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Eric Gillespie Ta Mt epg@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Brian Ginsbach Ta Mt ginsbach@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Paul Goyette Ta Mt pgoyette@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Michael Graff Ta Mt explorer@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Brian C. Grayson Ta Mt bgrayson@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Matthew Green Ta Mt mrg@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Andreas Gustafsson Ta Mt gson@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Ulrich Habel Ta Mt rhaen@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino Ta Mt itojun@NetBSD.org
.It Ta HAMAJIMA Katsuomi Ta Mt hamajima@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Adam Hamsik Ta Mt haad@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Juergen Hannken-Illjes Ta Mt hannken@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Charles M. Hannum Ta Mt mycroft@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Ben Harris Ta Mt bjh21@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Ross Harvey Ta Mt ross@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Eric Haszlakiewicz Ta Mt erh@NetBSD.org
.It Ta John Hawkinson Ta Mt jhawk@NetBSD.org
.It Ta HAYAKAWA Koichi Ta Mt haya@NetBSD.org
.It Ta John Heasley Ta Mt heas@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Geert Hendrickx Ta Mt ghen@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Ren\('e Hexel Ta Mt rh@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Iain Hibbert Ta Mt plunky@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Kouichirou Hiratsuka Ta Mt hira@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Michael L. Hitch Ta Mt mhitch@NetBSD.org
.It Ta \('Ad\('am H\('oka Ta Mt ahoka@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jachym Holecek Ta Mt freza@NetBSD.org
.It Ta David A. Holland Ta Mt dholland@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Christian E. Hopps Ta Mt chopps@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Ken Hornstein Ta Mt kenh@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Marc Horowitz Ta Mt marc@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Eduardo Horvath Ta Mt eeh@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Nick Hudson Ta Mt skrll@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Shell Hung Ta Mt shell@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Martin Husemann Ta Mt martin@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Dean Huxley Ta Mt dean@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Love H\(:ornquist \(oAstrand Ta Mt lha@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Roland Illig Ta Mt rillig@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Bernardo Innocenti Ta Mt bernie@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Tetsuya Isaki Ta Mt isaki@NetBSD.org
.It Ta ITOH Yasufumi Ta Mt itohy@NetBSD.org
.It Ta IWAMOTO Toshihiro Ta Mt toshii@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Matthew Jacob Ta Mt mjacob@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Soren Jacobsen Ta Mt snj@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Lonhyn T. Jasinskyj Ta Mt lonhyn@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Darrin Jewell Ta Mt dbj@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Nicolas Joly Ta Mt njoly@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Chris Jones Ta Mt cjones@NetBSD.org
.It Ta S\(/oren J\(/orvang Ta Mt soren@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Takahiro Kambe Ta Mt taca@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Masanori Kanaoka Ta Mt kanaoka@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Antti Kantee Ta Mt pooka@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Frank Kardel Ta Mt kardel@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Mattias Karlsson Ta Mt keihan@NetBSD.org
.It Ta KAWAMOTO Yosihisa Ta Mt kawamoto@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Mario Kemper Ta Mt magick@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Min Sik Kim Ta Mt minskim@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Thomas Klausner Ta Mt wiz@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Klaus Klein Ta Mt kleink@NetBSD.org
.It Ta John Klos Ta Mt jklos@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Wayne Knowles Ta Mt wdk@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Takayoshi Kochi Ta Mt kochi@NetBSD.org
.It Ta John Kohl Ta Mt jtk@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Daniel de Kok Ta Mt daniel@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jonathan A. Kollasch Ta Mt jakllsch@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Paul Kranenburg Ta Mt pk@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Lubomir Kundrak Ta Mt lkundrak@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jochen Kunz Ta Mt jkunz@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Martti Kuparinen Ta Mt martti@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Kentaro A. Kurahone Ta Mt kurahone@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Arnaud Lacombe Ta Mt alc@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Kevin Lahey Ta Mt kml@NetBSD.org
.It Ta David Laight Ta Mt dsl@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Johnny C. Lam Ta Mt jlam@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Martin J. Laubach Ta Mt mjl@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Greg Lehey Ta Mt grog@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Ted Lemon Ta Mt mellon@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Christian Limpach Ta Mt cl@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Frank van der Linden Ta Mt fvdl@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Joel Lindholm Ta Mt joel@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Tonnerre Lombard Ta Mt tonnerre@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Mike Long Ta Mt mikel@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Michael Lorenz Ta Mt macallan@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Warner Losh Ta Mt imp@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Tomasz Luchowski Ta Mt zuntum@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Federico Lupi Ta Mt federico@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Brett Lymn Ta Mt blymn@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Paul Mackerras Ta Mt paulus@NetBSD.org
.It Ta MAEKAWA Masahide Ta Mt gehenna@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Anders Magnusson Ta Mt ragge@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Cherry G. Mathew Ta Mt cherry@NetBSD.org
.It Ta David Maxwell Ta Mt david@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Gregory McGarry Ta Mt gmcgarry@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Dan McMahill Ta Mt dmcmahill@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jared D. McNeill Ta Mt jmcneill@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Neil J. McRae Ta Mt neil@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Julio M. Merino Vidal Ta Mt jmmv@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Perry Metzger Ta Mt perry@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Luke Mewburn Ta Mt lukem@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jean-Yves Migeon Ta Mt jym@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Brook Milligan Ta Mt brook@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Minoura Makoto Ta Mt minoura@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Simas Mockevicius Ta Mt symka@NetBSD.org
.It Ta der Mouse Ta Mt mouse@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Joseph Myers Ta Mt jsm@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Ken Nakata Ta Mt kenn@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Takeshi Nakayama Ta Mt nakayama@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Phil Nelson Ta Mt phil@NetBSD.org
.It Ta John Nemeth Ta Mt jnemeth@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Bob Nestor Ta Mt rnestor@NetBSD.org
.It Ta NISHIMURA Takeshi Ta Mt nsmrtks@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Tohru Nishimura Ta Mt nisimura@NetBSD.org
.It Ta NONAKA Kimihiro Ta Mt nonaka@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Takehiko NOZAKI Ta Mt tnozaki@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Tobias Nygren Ta Mt tnn@NetBSD.org
.It Ta OBATA Akio Ta Mt obache@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jesse Off Ta Mt joff@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Tatoku Ogaito Ta Mt tacha@NetBSD.org
.It Ta OKANO Takayoshi Ta Mt kano@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Masaru Oki Ta Mt oki@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Atsushi Onoe Ta Mt onoe@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Greg Oster Ta Mt oster@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Rui Paulo Ta Mt rpaulo@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jonathan Perkin Ta Mt sketch@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Andrey Petrov Ta Mt petrov@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Herb Peyerl Ta Mt hpeyerl@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Matthias Pfaller Ta Mt matthias@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Chris Pinnock Ta Mt cjep@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Adrian Portelli Ta Mt adrianp@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Peter Postma Ta Mt peter@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Dante Profeta Ta Mt dante@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Chris Provenzano Ta Mt proven@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Niels Provos Ta Mt provos@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Mindaugas Rasiukevicius Ta Mt rmind@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Michael Rauch Ta Mt mrauch@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Marc Recht Ta Mt recht@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Darren Reed Ta Mt darrenr@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jeremy C. Reed Ta Mt reed@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Antoine Reilles Ta Mt tonio@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Tyler R. Retzlaff Ta Mt rtr@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Scott Reynolds Ta Mt scottr@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Michael Richardson Ta Mt mcr@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Tim Rightnour Ta Mt garbled@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Alan Ritter Ta Mt rittera@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jeff Rizzo Ta Mt riz@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Hans Rosenfeld Ta Mt hans@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Gordon Ross Ta Mt gwr@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Steve Rumble Ta Mt rumble@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Ilpo Ruotsalainen Ta Mt lonewolf@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Heiko W. Rupp Ta Mt hwr@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Blair J. Sadewitz Ta Mt bjs@NetBSD.org
.It Ta David Sainty Ta Mt dsainty@NetBSD.org
.It Ta SAITOH Masanobu Ta Mt msaitoh@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Kazuki Sakamoto Ta Mt sakamoto@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Curt Sampson Ta Mt cjs@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Wilfredo Sanchez Ta Mt wsanchez@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Ty Sarna Ta Mt tsarna@NetBSD.org
.It Ta SATO Kazumi Ta Mt sato@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jan Schaumann Ta Mt jschauma@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Matthias Scheler Ta Mt tron@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Silke Scheler Ta Mt silke@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Karl Schilke (rAT) Ta Mt rat@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Amitai Schlair Ta Mt schmonz@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Konrad Schroder Ta Mt perseant@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Georg Schwarz Ta Mt schwarz@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Lubomir Sedlacik Ta Mt salo@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Christopher SEKIYA Ta Mt sekiya@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Reed Shadgett Ta Mt dent@NetBSD.org
.It Ta John Shannon Ta Mt shannonjr@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Tim Shepard Ta Mt shep@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Takeshi Shibagaki Ta Mt shiba@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Naoto Shimazaki Ta Mt igy@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Takao Shinohara Ta Mt shin@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Takuya SHIOZAKI Ta Mt tshiozak@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Daniel Sieger Ta Mt dsieger@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Chuck Silvers Ta Mt chs@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Thor Lancelot Simon Ta Mt tls@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jeff Smith Ta Mt jeffs@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Noriyuki Soda Ta Mt soda@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Wolfgang Solfrank Ta Mt ws@NetBSD.org
.It Ta SOMEYA Yoshihiko Ta Mt someya@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Bill Sommerfeld Ta Mt sommerfeld@NetBSD.org
.It Ta J\(:org Sonnenberger Ta Mt joerg@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Ignatios Souvatzis Ta Mt is@NetBSD.org
.It Ta T K Spindler Ta Mt dogcow@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Bill Squier Ta Mt groo@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jonathan Stone Ta Mt jonathan@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Bill Studenmund Ta Mt wrstuden@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Kevin Sullivan Ta Mt sullivan@NetBSD.org
.It Ta SUNAGAWA Keiki Ta Mt kei@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Kimmo Suominen Ta Mt kim@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Robert Swindells Ta Mt rjs@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Shin Takemura Ta Mt takemura@NetBSD.org
.It Ta TAMURA Kent Ta Mt kent@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Shin'ichiro TAYA Ta Mt taya@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Ian Lance Taylor Ta Mt ian@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Matt Thomas Ta Mt matt@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jason Thorpe Ta Mt thorpej@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Christoph Toshok Ta Mt toshok@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Greg Troxel Ta Mt gdt@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Tsubai Masanari Ta Mt tsubai@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Izumi Tsutsui Ta Mt tsutsui@NetBSD.org
.It Ta UCHIYAMA Yasushi Ta Mt uch@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Masao Uebayashi Ta Mt uebayasi@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Shuichiro URATA Ta Mt ur@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Valeriy E. Ushakov Ta Mt uwe@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Todd Vierling Ta Mt tv@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Aymeric Vincent Ta Mt aymeric@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Paul Vixie Ta Mt vixie@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Mike M. Volokhov Ta Mt mishka@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Krister Walfridsson Ta Mt kristerw@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Lex Wennmacher Ta Mt wennmach@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Leo Weppelman Ta Mt leo@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Assar Westerlund Ta Mt assar@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Todd Whitesel Ta Mt toddpw@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Frank Wille Ta Mt phx@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Nathan Williams Ta Mt nathanw@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Rob Windsor Ta Mt windsor@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Dan Winship Ta Mt danw@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Jim Wise Ta Mt jwise@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Michael Wolfson Ta Mt mbw@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Colin Wood Ta Mt ender@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Steve Woodford Ta Mt scw@NetBSD.org
.It Ta YAMAMOTO Takashi Ta Mt yamt@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Yuji Yamano Ta Mt yyamano@NetBSD.org
.It Ta David Young Ta Mt dyoung@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Reinoud Zandijk Ta Mt reinoud@NetBSD.org
.It Ta S.P.Zeidler Ta Mt spz@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Maria Zevenhoven Ta Mt maria7@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Christos Zoulas Ta Mt christos@NetBSD.org
.It Ta Ta
.
.br_ne 2i
.It Em "Other contributors:"
.It Ta Ta
.It Ta Dave Burgess Ta Mt burgess@cynjut.infonet.net
.It Ta Brian R. Gaeke Ta Mt brg@dgate.org
.It Ta Brad Grantham Ta Mt grantham@tenon.com
.It Ta Lawrence Kesteloot Ta Mt kesteloo@cs.unc.edu
.It Ta Waldi Ravens Ta Mt waldi@moacs.indiv.nl.net
.
.El
.
.Ss "Legal Mumbo-Jumbo"
.Pp
.
All product names mentioned herein are trademarks or registered
trademarks of their respective owners.
.Pp
The following notices are required to satisfy the license terms of
the software that we have mentioned in this document:
.Pp
.nr save_size \n[.s]
.nr save_vs \n[.v]
.ps 8
.vs 9
.Ht <font size=-1>
.(item -compact
.so ../common/legal.common -----------------------------------------------
.so legal -----------------------------------------------
.item)
.Ht </font>
.ps
.vs
.Ss "The End"