Annotation of src/bin/dd/dd.c, Revision 1.9
1.9 ! gwr 1: /* $NetBSD: dd.c,v 1.8 1998/04/01 13:55:23 kleink Exp $ */
1.4 cgd 2:
1.1 glass 3: /*-
1.3 mycroft 4: * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993, 1994
5: * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
1.1 glass 6: *
7: * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8: * Keith Muller of the University of California, San Diego and Lance
9: * Visser of Convex Computer Corporation.
10: *
11: * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12: * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13: * are met:
14: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15: * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16: * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17: * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18: * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19: * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
20: * must display the following acknowledgement:
21: * This product includes software developed by the University of
22: * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
23: * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
24: * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
25: * without specific prior written permission.
26: *
27: * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
28: * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
29: * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
30: * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
31: * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
32: * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
33: * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
34: * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
35: * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
36: * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
37: * SUCH DAMAGE.
38: */
39:
1.7 christos 40: #include <sys/cdefs.h>
1.1 glass 41: #ifndef lint
1.7 christos 42: __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993, 1994\n\
43: The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n");
1.1 glass 44: #endif /* not lint */
45:
46: #ifndef lint
1.4 cgd 47: #if 0
48: static char sccsid[] = "@(#)dd.c 8.5 (Berkeley) 4/2/94";
49: #else
1.9 ! gwr 50: __RCSID("$NetBSD: dd.c,v 1.8 1998/04/01 13:55:23 kleink Exp $");
1.4 cgd 51: #endif
1.1 glass 52: #endif /* not lint */
53:
54: #include <sys/param.h>
55: #include <sys/stat.h>
56: #include <sys/ioctl.h>
57: #include <sys/mtio.h>
58:
59: #include <ctype.h>
1.3 mycroft 60: #include <err.h>
1.1 glass 61: #include <errno.h>
62: #include <fcntl.h>
63: #include <signal.h>
64: #include <stdio.h>
65: #include <stdlib.h>
66: #include <string.h>
1.8 kleink 67: #include <time.h>
1.1 glass 68: #include <unistd.h>
69:
70: #include "dd.h"
71: #include "extern.h"
72:
73: static void dd_close __P((void));
74: static void dd_in __P((void));
1.3 mycroft 75: static void getfdtype __P((IO *));
1.1 glass 76: static void setup __P((void));
77:
1.7 christos 78: int main __P((int, char *[]));
79:
1.1 glass 80: IO in, out; /* input/output state */
81: STAT st; /* statistics */
82: void (*cfunc) __P((void)); /* conversion function */
83: u_long cpy_cnt; /* # of blocks to copy */
84: u_int ddflags; /* conversion options */
85: u_int cbsz; /* conversion block size */
86: u_int files_cnt = 1; /* # of files to copy */
1.6 jtc 87: const u_char *ctab; /* conversion table */
1.1 glass 88:
89: int
90: main(argc, argv)
91: int argc;
92: char *argv[];
93: {
94: jcl(argv);
95: setup();
96:
1.3 mycroft 97: (void)signal(SIGINFO, summaryx);
1.1 glass 98: (void)signal(SIGINT, terminate);
99:
1.3 mycroft 100: atexit(summary);
101:
102: while (files_cnt--)
1.1 glass 103: dd_in();
104:
105: dd_close();
106: exit(0);
107: }
108:
109: static void
110: setup()
111: {
1.3 mycroft 112: u_int cnt;
1.1 glass 113:
114: if (in.name == NULL) {
115: in.name = "stdin";
116: in.fd = STDIN_FILENO;
117: } else {
118: in.fd = open(in.name, O_RDONLY, 0);
119: if (in.fd < 0)
1.3 mycroft 120: err(1, "%s", in.name);
1.1 glass 121: }
122:
1.3 mycroft 123: getfdtype(&in);
1.1 glass 124:
125: if (files_cnt > 1 && !(in.flags & ISTAPE))
1.3 mycroft 126: errx(1, "files is not supported for non-tape devices");
1.1 glass 127:
128: if (out.name == NULL) {
129: /* No way to check for read access here. */
130: out.fd = STDOUT_FILENO;
131: out.name = "stdout";
132: } else {
133: #define OFLAGS \
134: (O_CREAT | (ddflags & (C_SEEK | C_NOTRUNC) ? 0 : O_TRUNC))
135: out.fd = open(out.name, O_RDWR | OFLAGS, DEFFILEMODE);
136: /*
137: * May not have read access, so try again with write only.
138: * Without read we may have a problem if output also does
139: * not support seeks.
140: */
141: if (out.fd < 0) {
142: out.fd = open(out.name, O_WRONLY | OFLAGS, DEFFILEMODE);
143: out.flags |= NOREAD;
144: }
145: if (out.fd < 0)
1.3 mycroft 146: err(1, "%s", out.name);
1.1 glass 147: }
148:
1.3 mycroft 149: getfdtype(&out);
1.1 glass 150:
151: /*
152: * Allocate space for the input and output buffers. If not doing
153: * record oriented I/O, only need a single buffer.
154: */
155: if (!(ddflags & (C_BLOCK|C_UNBLOCK))) {
156: if ((in.db = malloc(out.dbsz + in.dbsz - 1)) == NULL)
1.7 christos 157: err(1, "%s", "");
1.1 glass 158: out.db = in.db;
159: } else if ((in.db =
160: malloc((u_int)(MAX(in.dbsz, cbsz) + cbsz))) == NULL ||
161: (out.db = malloc((u_int)(out.dbsz + cbsz))) == NULL)
1.7 christos 162: err(1, "%s", "");
1.1 glass 163: in.dbp = in.db;
164: out.dbp = out.db;
165:
166: /* Position the input/output streams. */
167: if (in.offset)
168: pos_in();
169: if (out.offset)
170: pos_out();
171:
172: /*
173: * Truncate the output file; ignore errors because it fails on some
174: * kinds of output files, tapes, for example.
175: */
1.7 christos 176: if ((ddflags & (C_OF | C_SEEK | C_NOTRUNC)) == (C_OF | C_SEEK))
1.1 glass 177: (void)ftruncate(out.fd, (off_t)out.offset * out.dbsz);
178:
179: /*
180: * If converting case at the same time as another conversion, build a
181: * table that does both at once. If just converting case, use the
182: * built-in tables.
183: */
1.5 gwr 184: if (ddflags & (C_LCASE|C_UCASE)) {
185: #ifdef NO_CONV
186: /* Should not get here, but just in case... */
187: errx(1, "case conv and -DNO_CONV");
188: #else /* NO_CONV */
1.6 jtc 189: if (ddflags & C_ASCII || ddflags & C_EBCDIC) {
1.1 glass 190: if (ddflags & C_LCASE) {
191: for (cnt = 0; cnt < 0377; ++cnt)
1.6 jtc 192: casetab[cnt] = tolower(ctab[cnt]);
1.1 glass 193: } else {
194: for (cnt = 0; cnt < 0377; ++cnt)
1.6 jtc 195: casetab[cnt] = toupper(ctab[cnt]);
1.1 glass 196: }
1.6 jtc 197: } else {
1.1 glass 198: if (ddflags & C_LCASE) {
199: for (cnt = 0; cnt < 0377; ++cnt)
1.6 jtc 200: casetab[cnt] = tolower(cnt);
1.1 glass 201: } else {
202: for (cnt = 0; cnt < 0377; ++cnt)
1.6 jtc 203: casetab[cnt] = toupper(cnt);
1.1 glass 204: }
1.6 jtc 205: }
206:
207: ctab = casetab;
1.5 gwr 208: #endif /* NO_CONV */
209: }
210:
1.1 glass 211: (void)time(&st.start); /* Statistics timestamp. */
212: }
213:
214: static void
1.3 mycroft 215: getfdtype(io)
216: IO *io;
217: {
218: struct mtget mt;
219: struct stat sb;
220:
221: if (fstat(io->fd, &sb))
222: err(1, "%s", io->name);
223: if (S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode))
224: io->flags |= ioctl(io->fd, MTIOCGET, &mt) ? ISCHR : ISTAPE;
225: else if (lseek(io->fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_CUR) == -1 && errno == ESPIPE)
226: io->flags |= ISPIPE; /* XXX fixed in 4.4BSD */
227: }
228:
229: static void
1.1 glass 230: dd_in()
231: {
1.3 mycroft 232: int flags, n;
1.1 glass 233:
234: for (flags = ddflags;;) {
235: if (cpy_cnt && (st.in_full + st.in_part) >= cpy_cnt)
236: return;
237:
238: /*
1.9 ! gwr 239: * Clear the buffer first if doing "sync" on input.
! 240: * If doing block operations use spaces. This will
! 241: * affect not only the C_NOERROR case, but also the
! 242: * last partial input block which should be padded
! 243: * with zero and not garbage.
1.1 glass 244: */
1.9 ! gwr 245: if (flags & C_SYNC)
1.1 glass 246: if (flags & (C_BLOCK|C_UNBLOCK))
247: memset(in.dbp, ' ', in.dbsz);
248: else
249: memset(in.dbp, 0, in.dbsz);
250:
251: n = read(in.fd, in.dbp, in.dbsz);
252: if (n == 0) {
253: in.dbrcnt = 0;
254: return;
255: }
256:
257: /* Read error. */
258: if (n < 0) {
259: /*
260: * If noerror not specified, die. POSIX requires that
261: * the warning message be followed by an I/O display.
262: */
263: if (!(flags & C_NOERROR))
1.3 mycroft 264: err(1, "%s", in.name);
265: warn("%s", in.name);
266: summary();
1.1 glass 267:
268: /*
269: * If it's not a tape drive or a pipe, seek past the
270: * error. If your OS doesn't do the right thing for
271: * raw disks this section should be modified to re-read
272: * in sector size chunks.
273: */
274: if (!(in.flags & (ISPIPE|ISTAPE)) &&
275: lseek(in.fd, (off_t)in.dbsz, SEEK_CUR))
1.3 mycroft 276: warn("%s", in.name);
1.1 glass 277:
278: /* If sync not specified, omit block and continue. */
279: if (!(ddflags & C_SYNC))
280: continue;
281:
282: /* Read errors count as full blocks. */
283: in.dbcnt += in.dbrcnt = in.dbsz;
284: ++st.in_full;
285:
286: /* Handle full input blocks. */
287: } else if (n == in.dbsz) {
288: in.dbcnt += in.dbrcnt = n;
289: ++st.in_full;
290:
291: /* Handle partial input blocks. */
292: } else {
293: /* If sync, use the entire block. */
294: if (ddflags & C_SYNC)
295: in.dbcnt += in.dbrcnt = in.dbsz;
296: else
297: in.dbcnt += in.dbrcnt = n;
298: ++st.in_part;
299: }
300:
301: /*
302: * POSIX states that if bs is set and no other conversions
303: * than noerror, notrunc or sync are specified, the block
304: * is output without buffering as it is read.
305: */
306: if (ddflags & C_BS) {
307: out.dbcnt = in.dbcnt;
308: dd_out(1);
309: in.dbcnt = 0;
310: continue;
311: }
312:
313: if (ddflags & C_SWAB) {
314: if ((n = in.dbcnt) & 1) {
315: ++st.swab;
316: --n;
317: }
318: swab(in.dbp, in.dbp, n);
319: }
320:
321: in.dbp += in.dbrcnt;
322: (*cfunc)();
323: }
324: }
325:
326: /*
327: * Cleanup any remaining I/O and flush output. If necesssary, output file
328: * is truncated.
329: */
330: static void
331: dd_close()
332: {
333: if (cfunc == def)
334: def_close();
335: else if (cfunc == block)
336: block_close();
337: else if (cfunc == unblock)
338: unblock_close();
1.3 mycroft 339: if (ddflags & C_OSYNC && out.dbcnt < out.dbsz) {
340: memset(out.dbp, 0, out.dbsz - out.dbcnt);
341: out.dbcnt = out.dbsz;
342: }
1.1 glass 343: if (out.dbcnt)
344: dd_out(1);
345: }
346:
347: void
348: dd_out(force)
349: int force;
350: {
351: static int warned;
1.3 mycroft 352: int cnt, n, nw;
353: u_char *outp;
1.1 glass 354:
355: /*
356: * Write one or more blocks out. The common case is writing a full
357: * output block in a single write; increment the full block stats.
358: * Otherwise, we're into partial block writes. If a partial write,
359: * and it's a character device, just warn. If a tape device, quit.
360: *
361: * The partial writes represent two cases. 1: Where the input block
362: * was less than expected so the output block was less than expected.
363: * 2: Where the input block was the right size but we were forced to
364: * write the block in multiple chunks. The original versions of dd(1)
365: * never wrote a block in more than a single write, so the latter case
366: * never happened.
367: *
368: * One special case is if we're forced to do the write -- in that case
369: * we play games with the buffer size, and it's usually a partial write.
370: */
371: outp = out.db;
372: for (n = force ? out.dbcnt : out.dbsz;; n = out.dbsz) {
373: for (cnt = n;; cnt -= nw) {
374: nw = write(out.fd, outp, cnt);
1.3 mycroft 375: if (nw <= 0) {
376: if (nw == 0)
377: errx(1, "%s: end of device", out.name);
378: if (errno != EINTR)
379: err(1, "%s", out.name);
380: nw = 0;
381: }
1.1 glass 382: outp += nw;
383: st.bytes += nw;
384: if (nw == n) {
385: if (n != out.dbsz)
386: ++st.out_part;
387: else
388: ++st.out_full;
389: break;
390: }
391: ++st.out_part;
392: if (nw == cnt)
393: break;
394: if (out.flags & ISCHR && !warned) {
395: warned = 1;
1.3 mycroft 396: warnx("%s: short write on character device",
1.1 glass 397: out.name);
398: }
399: if (out.flags & ISTAPE)
1.3 mycroft 400: errx(1, "%s: short write on tape device", out.name);
1.1 glass 401: }
402: if ((out.dbcnt -= n) < out.dbsz)
403: break;
404: }
405:
406: /* Reassemble the output block. */
407: if (out.dbcnt)
408: memmove(out.db, out.dbp - out.dbcnt, out.dbcnt);
409: out.dbp = out.db + out.dbcnt;
410: }
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