Annotation of src/bin/dd/dd.c, Revision 1.25
1.25 ! enami 1: /* $NetBSD: dd.c,v 1.24 2001/11/26 00:13:24 lukem Exp $ */
1.4 cgd 2:
1.1 glass 3: /*-
1.3 mycroft 4: * Copyright (c) 1991, 1993, 1994
5: * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
1.1 glass 6: *
7: * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
8: * Keith Muller of the University of California, San Diego and Lance
9: * Visser of Convex Computer Corporation.
10: *
11: * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
12: * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
13: * are met:
14: * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
15: * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
16: * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
17: * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
18: * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
19: * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
20: * must display the following acknowledgement:
21: * This product includes software developed by the University of
22: * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
23: * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
24: * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
25: * without specific prior written permission.
26: *
27: * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
28: * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
29: * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
30: * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
31: * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
32: * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
33: * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
34: * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
35: * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
36: * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
37: * SUCH DAMAGE.
38: */
39:
1.7 christos 40: #include <sys/cdefs.h>
1.1 glass 41: #ifndef lint
1.7 christos 42: __COPYRIGHT("@(#) Copyright (c) 1991, 1993, 1994\n\
43: The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.\n");
1.1 glass 44: #endif /* not lint */
45:
46: #ifndef lint
1.4 cgd 47: #if 0
48: static char sccsid[] = "@(#)dd.c 8.5 (Berkeley) 4/2/94";
49: #else
1.25 ! enami 50: __RCSID("$NetBSD: dd.c,v 1.24 2001/11/26 00:13:24 lukem Exp $");
1.4 cgd 51: #endif
1.1 glass 52: #endif /* not lint */
53:
54: #include <sys/param.h>
55: #include <sys/stat.h>
56: #include <sys/ioctl.h>
57: #include <sys/mtio.h>
1.20 ross 58: #include <sys/time.h>
1.1 glass 59:
60: #include <ctype.h>
1.3 mycroft 61: #include <err.h>
1.1 glass 62: #include <errno.h>
63: #include <fcntl.h>
64: #include <signal.h>
65: #include <stdio.h>
66: #include <stdlib.h>
67: #include <string.h>
68: #include <unistd.h>
69:
70: #include "dd.h"
71: #include "extern.h"
72:
1.21 lukem 73: static void dd_close(void);
74: static void dd_in(void);
75: static void getfdtype(IO *);
76: static void setup(void);
1.1 glass 77:
1.21 lukem 78: int main(int, char *[]);
1.7 christos 79:
1.23 lukem 80: IO in, out; /* input/output state */
81: STAT st; /* statistics */
82: void (*cfunc)(void); /* conversion function */
1.24 lukem 83: uint64_t cpy_cnt; /* # of blocks to copy */
1.23 lukem 84: u_int ddflags; /* conversion options */
1.24 lukem 85: uint64_t cbsz; /* conversion block size */
1.23 lukem 86: u_int files_cnt = 1; /* # of files to copy */
87: int progress = 0; /* display sign of life */
88: const u_char *ctab; /* conversion table */
89: sigset_t infoset; /* a set blocking SIGINFO */
1.1 glass 90:
91: int
1.21 lukem 92: main(int argc, char *argv[])
1.1 glass 93: {
1.18 kleink 94: int ch;
95:
96: while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "")) != -1) {
97: switch (ch) {
1.19 kleink 98: default:
99: errx(EXIT_FAILURE, "usage: dd [operand ...]");
100: /* NOTREACHED */
1.18 kleink 101: }
102: }
103: argc -= (optind - 1);
104: argv += (optind - 1);
105:
1.1 glass 106: jcl(argv);
107: setup();
108:
1.3 mycroft 109: (void)signal(SIGINFO, summaryx);
1.1 glass 110: (void)signal(SIGINT, terminate);
1.16 christos 111: (void)sigemptyset(&infoset);
112: (void)sigaddset(&infoset, SIGINFO);
1.1 glass 113:
1.10 mycroft 114: (void)atexit(summary);
1.3 mycroft 115:
116: while (files_cnt--)
1.1 glass 117: dd_in();
118:
119: dd_close();
120: exit(0);
1.11 mycroft 121: /* NOTREACHED */
1.1 glass 122: }
123:
124: static void
1.21 lukem 125: setup(void)
1.1 glass 126: {
1.25 ! enami 127:
1.1 glass 128: if (in.name == NULL) {
129: in.name = "stdin";
130: in.fd = STDIN_FILENO;
131: } else {
132: in.fd = open(in.name, O_RDONLY, 0);
133: if (in.fd < 0)
1.3 mycroft 134: err(1, "%s", in.name);
1.1 glass 135: }
136:
1.3 mycroft 137: getfdtype(&in);
1.1 glass 138:
139: if (files_cnt > 1 && !(in.flags & ISTAPE))
1.3 mycroft 140: errx(1, "files is not supported for non-tape devices");
1.1 glass 141:
142: if (out.name == NULL) {
143: /* No way to check for read access here. */
144: out.fd = STDOUT_FILENO;
145: out.name = "stdout";
146: } else {
147: #define OFLAGS \
148: (O_CREAT | (ddflags & (C_SEEK | C_NOTRUNC) ? 0 : O_TRUNC))
149: out.fd = open(out.name, O_RDWR | OFLAGS, DEFFILEMODE);
150: /*
151: * May not have read access, so try again with write only.
152: * Without read we may have a problem if output also does
153: * not support seeks.
154: */
155: if (out.fd < 0) {
156: out.fd = open(out.name, O_WRONLY | OFLAGS, DEFFILEMODE);
157: out.flags |= NOREAD;
158: }
159: if (out.fd < 0)
1.3 mycroft 160: err(1, "%s", out.name);
1.1 glass 161: }
162:
1.3 mycroft 163: getfdtype(&out);
1.1 glass 164:
165: /*
166: * Allocate space for the input and output buffers. If not doing
167: * record oriented I/O, only need a single buffer.
168: */
169: if (!(ddflags & (C_BLOCK|C_UNBLOCK))) {
170: if ((in.db = malloc(out.dbsz + in.dbsz - 1)) == NULL)
1.14 drochner 171: err(1, NULL);
1.1 glass 172: out.db = in.db;
173: } else if ((in.db =
174: malloc((u_int)(MAX(in.dbsz, cbsz) + cbsz))) == NULL ||
175: (out.db = malloc((u_int)(out.dbsz + cbsz))) == NULL)
1.14 drochner 176: err(1, NULL);
1.1 glass 177: in.dbp = in.db;
178: out.dbp = out.db;
179:
180: /* Position the input/output streams. */
181: if (in.offset)
182: pos_in();
183: if (out.offset)
184: pos_out();
185:
186: /*
187: * Truncate the output file; ignore errors because it fails on some
188: * kinds of output files, tapes, for example.
189: */
1.7 christos 190: if ((ddflags & (C_OF | C_SEEK | C_NOTRUNC)) == (C_OF | C_SEEK))
1.1 glass 191: (void)ftruncate(out.fd, (off_t)out.offset * out.dbsz);
192:
193: /*
194: * If converting case at the same time as another conversion, build a
195: * table that does both at once. If just converting case, use the
196: * built-in tables.
197: */
1.5 gwr 198: if (ddflags & (C_LCASE|C_UCASE)) {
199: #ifdef NO_CONV
200: /* Should not get here, but just in case... */
201: errx(1, "case conv and -DNO_CONV");
202: #else /* NO_CONV */
1.22 lukem 203: u_int cnt;
204:
1.6 jtc 205: if (ddflags & C_ASCII || ddflags & C_EBCDIC) {
1.1 glass 206: if (ddflags & C_LCASE) {
207: for (cnt = 0; cnt < 0377; ++cnt)
1.6 jtc 208: casetab[cnt] = tolower(ctab[cnt]);
1.1 glass 209: } else {
210: for (cnt = 0; cnt < 0377; ++cnt)
1.6 jtc 211: casetab[cnt] = toupper(ctab[cnt]);
1.1 glass 212: }
1.6 jtc 213: } else {
1.1 glass 214: if (ddflags & C_LCASE) {
215: for (cnt = 0; cnt < 0377; ++cnt)
1.6 jtc 216: casetab[cnt] = tolower(cnt);
1.1 glass 217: } else {
218: for (cnt = 0; cnt < 0377; ++cnt)
1.6 jtc 219: casetab[cnt] = toupper(cnt);
1.1 glass 220: }
1.6 jtc 221: }
222:
223: ctab = casetab;
1.5 gwr 224: #endif /* NO_CONV */
225: }
226:
1.20 ross 227: (void)gettimeofday(&st.start, NULL); /* Statistics timestamp. */
1.1 glass 228: }
229:
230: static void
1.21 lukem 231: getfdtype(IO *io)
1.3 mycroft 232: {
233: struct mtget mt;
234: struct stat sb;
235:
236: if (fstat(io->fd, &sb))
237: err(1, "%s", io->name);
238: if (S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode))
239: io->flags |= ioctl(io->fd, MTIOCGET, &mt) ? ISCHR : ISTAPE;
240: else if (lseek(io->fd, (off_t)0, SEEK_CUR) == -1 && errno == ESPIPE)
241: io->flags |= ISPIPE; /* XXX fixed in 4.4BSD */
242: }
243:
244: static void
1.21 lukem 245: dd_in(void)
1.1 glass 246: {
1.23 lukem 247: int flags;
1.24 lukem 248: uint64_t n;
1.1 glass 249:
250: for (flags = ddflags;;) {
251: if (cpy_cnt && (st.in_full + st.in_part) >= cpy_cnt)
252: return;
253:
254: /*
1.9 gwr 255: * Clear the buffer first if doing "sync" on input.
256: * If doing block operations use spaces. This will
257: * affect not only the C_NOERROR case, but also the
258: * last partial input block which should be padded
259: * with zero and not garbage.
1.1 glass 260: */
1.12 thorpej 261: if (flags & C_SYNC) {
1.1 glass 262: if (flags & (C_BLOCK|C_UNBLOCK))
1.10 mycroft 263: (void)memset(in.dbp, ' ', in.dbsz);
1.1 glass 264: else
1.10 mycroft 265: (void)memset(in.dbp, 0, in.dbsz);
1.12 thorpej 266: }
1.1 glass 267:
268: n = read(in.fd, in.dbp, in.dbsz);
269: if (n == 0) {
270: in.dbrcnt = 0;
271: return;
272: }
273:
274: /* Read error. */
275: if (n < 0) {
276: /*
277: * If noerror not specified, die. POSIX requires that
278: * the warning message be followed by an I/O display.
279: */
280: if (!(flags & C_NOERROR))
1.3 mycroft 281: err(1, "%s", in.name);
282: warn("%s", in.name);
283: summary();
1.1 glass 284:
285: /*
286: * If it's not a tape drive or a pipe, seek past the
287: * error. If your OS doesn't do the right thing for
288: * raw disks this section should be modified to re-read
289: * in sector size chunks.
290: */
291: if (!(in.flags & (ISPIPE|ISTAPE)) &&
292: lseek(in.fd, (off_t)in.dbsz, SEEK_CUR))
1.3 mycroft 293: warn("%s", in.name);
1.1 glass 294:
295: /* If sync not specified, omit block and continue. */
296: if (!(ddflags & C_SYNC))
297: continue;
298:
299: /* Read errors count as full blocks. */
300: in.dbcnt += in.dbrcnt = in.dbsz;
301: ++st.in_full;
302:
303: /* Handle full input blocks. */
304: } else if (n == in.dbsz) {
305: in.dbcnt += in.dbrcnt = n;
306: ++st.in_full;
307:
308: /* Handle partial input blocks. */
309: } else {
310: /* If sync, use the entire block. */
311: if (ddflags & C_SYNC)
312: in.dbcnt += in.dbrcnt = in.dbsz;
313: else
314: in.dbcnt += in.dbrcnt = n;
315: ++st.in_part;
316: }
317:
318: /*
319: * POSIX states that if bs is set and no other conversions
320: * than noerror, notrunc or sync are specified, the block
321: * is output without buffering as it is read.
322: */
323: if (ddflags & C_BS) {
324: out.dbcnt = in.dbcnt;
325: dd_out(1);
326: in.dbcnt = 0;
327: continue;
328: }
329:
330: if (ddflags & C_SWAB) {
1.17 matt 331: if ((n = in.dbrcnt) & 1) {
1.1 glass 332: ++st.swab;
333: --n;
334: }
335: swab(in.dbp, in.dbp, n);
336: }
337:
338: in.dbp += in.dbrcnt;
339: (*cfunc)();
340: }
341: }
342:
343: /*
344: * Cleanup any remaining I/O and flush output. If necesssary, output file
345: * is truncated.
346: */
347: static void
1.21 lukem 348: dd_close(void)
1.1 glass 349: {
1.21 lukem 350:
1.1 glass 351: if (cfunc == def)
352: def_close();
353: else if (cfunc == block)
354: block_close();
355: else if (cfunc == unblock)
356: unblock_close();
1.3 mycroft 357: if (ddflags & C_OSYNC && out.dbcnt < out.dbsz) {
1.10 mycroft 358: (void)memset(out.dbp, 0, out.dbsz - out.dbcnt);
1.3 mycroft 359: out.dbcnt = out.dbsz;
360: }
1.1 glass 361: if (out.dbcnt)
362: dd_out(1);
363: }
364:
365: void
1.21 lukem 366: dd_out(int force)
1.1 glass 367: {
368: static int warned;
1.24 lukem 369: uint64_t cnt, n, nw;
1.3 mycroft 370: u_char *outp;
1.1 glass 371:
372: /*
373: * Write one or more blocks out. The common case is writing a full
374: * output block in a single write; increment the full block stats.
375: * Otherwise, we're into partial block writes. If a partial write,
376: * and it's a character device, just warn. If a tape device, quit.
377: *
378: * The partial writes represent two cases. 1: Where the input block
379: * was less than expected so the output block was less than expected.
380: * 2: Where the input block was the right size but we were forced to
381: * write the block in multiple chunks. The original versions of dd(1)
382: * never wrote a block in more than a single write, so the latter case
383: * never happened.
384: *
385: * One special case is if we're forced to do the write -- in that case
386: * we play games with the buffer size, and it's usually a partial write.
387: */
388: outp = out.db;
389: for (n = force ? out.dbcnt : out.dbsz;; n = out.dbsz) {
390: for (cnt = n;; cnt -= nw) {
1.15 christos 391: nw = bwrite(out.fd, outp, cnt);
1.3 mycroft 392: if (nw <= 0) {
393: if (nw == 0)
394: errx(1, "%s: end of device", out.name);
395: if (errno != EINTR)
396: err(1, "%s", out.name);
397: nw = 0;
398: }
1.1 glass 399: outp += nw;
400: st.bytes += nw;
401: if (nw == n) {
402: if (n != out.dbsz)
403: ++st.out_part;
404: else
405: ++st.out_full;
406: break;
407: }
408: ++st.out_part;
409: if (nw == cnt)
410: break;
411: if (out.flags & ISCHR && !warned) {
412: warned = 1;
1.3 mycroft 413: warnx("%s: short write on character device",
1.1 glass 414: out.name);
415: }
416: if (out.flags & ISTAPE)
1.25 ! enami 417: errx(1, "%s: short write on tape device",
! 418: out.name);
1.1 glass 419: }
420: if ((out.dbcnt -= n) < out.dbsz)
421: break;
422: }
423:
424: /* Reassemble the output block. */
425: if (out.dbcnt)
1.10 mycroft 426: (void)memmove(out.db, out.dbp - out.dbcnt, out.dbcnt);
1.1 glass 427: out.dbp = out.db + out.dbcnt;
1.13 hubertf 428:
429: if (progress)
430: (void)write(STDERR_FILENO, ".", 1);
1.15 christos 431: }
432:
433: /*
434: * A protected against SIGINFO write
435: */
436: ssize_t
1.21 lukem 437: bwrite(int fd, const void *buf, size_t len)
1.15 christos 438: {
439: sigset_t oset;
440: ssize_t rv;
441: int oerrno;
442:
1.16 christos 443: (void)sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, &infoset, &oset);
1.15 christos 444: rv = write(fd, buf, len);
445: oerrno = errno;
446: (void)sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, &oset, NULL);
447: errno = oerrno;
1.25 ! enami 448: return (rv);
1.1 glass 449: }
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