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Diff for /src/UPDATING between version 1.72 and 1.288

version 1.72, 2002/10/11 02:09:42 version 1.288, 2017/12/26 11:40:47
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 $NetBSD$  $NetBSD$
   
 This file is intended to be a brief introduction to the build  This file (UPDATING) is intended to be a brief reference to recent
 process and a reference on what to do if something doesn't work.  changes that might cause problems in the build process, and a guide for
   what to do if something doesn't work.
   
 For a more detailed description see Makefile.  For a more detailed description of the recommended way to build NetBSD
   using build.sh, see the BUILDING file.
   
   Note that much of the advice in this UPDATING file was written before
   build.sh existed.  Nevertheless, the advice here may be useful for
   working around specific problems with build.sh.
   
   Sections are marked with "^^^^^".  After the section on "Recent changes"
   are several sections containing more general information.
   
   See also: BUILDING, build.sh, Makefile.
   
 Recent changes:  Recent changes:
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
   
 20021010:  20171225:
         The config(8) grammar was changed to allow options to register          removal of the vadvise syscall requires manual removal of all
         dependencies on attributes, as well as other options.  Users          associated files from the libc build object directory (including
         must update and reinstall usr.sbin/config before building a new          the .depend files) - a command like
         kernel.                  cd $OBJ && find . -type d -name libc | xargs rm -rf
           or a one time build without -u will do.
 20021009:  
         A new attribute dependency syntax was introduced to config(8),  20171010:
         which is now used by the SCSI configuration description.  Users          a change to the build structure of external/bsd/acpica/bin/iasl
         must update and reinstall usr.sbin/config before building a new          means that its objdir (or *.d and .depend at least) might need
         kernel.          to be manually removed - or a build done once without -u.
   
 20021003:  20170822:
         Several changes have been made to the autoconfiguration          a new version of GMP has been imported and probably
         framework.  Users must update and reinstall usr.sbin/config          will break parts of builds related to themselves or GCC, both
         before building a new kernel.          in the tools and the native section.  Remove all GCC, GMP, MPFR
           and MPC objdirs or build once without -u.
 20020922:  
         MKDYNAMICROOT=yes enabled by default, which means that  20170816:
         certain shared libraries are installed into /lib, the shared          a new version of MPFR and MPC have been imported and probably
         linker is installed into /libexec, and all programs in /bin          will break parts of builds related to themselves or GCC, both
         and /sbin are dynamically linked.          in the tools and the native section.  Remove all GCC, GMP, MPFR
         If you do not use "make build", you should ensure that          and MPC objdirs or build once without -u.
         you have the libraries and shared linker in the new locations,  
         with:  20170402:
                 make do-lib-csu do-lib-libc do-lib do-gnu-lib do-ld.elf_so          a new version of dhcpcd has been imported, which does not support
           update builds from the previous version. Remove your
 20020917:          external/bsd/dhcpcd object dir or build once without -u.
         USE_NEW_TOOLCHAIN has been replaced with:  
             -   TOOLCHAIN_MISSING -- set to "yes" on platforms for which  20170211:
                 there is no working in-tree toolchain (hppa, ns32k, sh5,          a new terminfo database has been imported.
                 x86_64).          The structure of it has changed slightly from prior versions and
             -   EXTERNAL_TOOLCHAIN -- if defined by the user, points to the          an updated tic tool is required.
                 root ofan external toolchain (e.g. /usr/local/gnu).  This          If you build.sh, don't use -u
                 enables the cross-build framework even for TOOLCHAIN_MISSING  
                 platforms.  20170207:
           various arch dependent libc/exect.S files were removed
 20020906:          Either remove the obj directories (lib/libc and compat/amd64/i386/lib
         gehenna-devsw has been merged into the trunk. Need to update and          if it exists) or do a clean build.
         reinstall usr.sbin/config before build the kernel.          (This is a bug in the make system, it should be corrected without
           human intervention, but isn't.)
 20020822:  
         Crunched rescue tools (contents of /bin and /sbin, plus others)  20170104:
         are now provided in /rescue.          xinput build options have changed.
           Remove the obj directory (external/mit/xorg/bin/xinput)
         To ensure that these are built statically linked (no matter          if you build.sh -u
         what the setting of LDSTATIC is), use a crunchgen(1) built  
         from sources newer than 20020820 (see the next entry).  20170103:
           a new version of flex has been imported.
 20020820:          Remove the file from obj (external/bsd/flex)
         crunchgen(1) changed to ensure that the generated program          if you build.sh -u
         is statically linked.  
   20161014:
         Solution: update and reinstall usr.bin/crunch          a new version of OpenSSL has been imported.
           Remove the files from obj (crypto/external/bsd/openssl)
 20020515:          if you build.sh -u
         sshd user/group has been added.  Need to hand add this in, or sshd  
         will not let you log in (with default, or UsePrivlegeSeparation=yes)  20161009:
           a new version of dhcpcd has been imported with slightly changed
         Add the following into /etc/group:          build infrastructure. When doing a build.sh -u this requires
           pruning the external/bsd/dhcpcd objdir.
         sshd:*:16:  
   20160914:
         and the following to /etc/master.passwd (via vipw):          i386, amd64, shark, ofppc and macppc have joined shark and x68k
           ports in using xorg-server 1.18. This requires a clean destdir
         sshd:*:16:16::0:0:& pseudo-user:/var/chroot/sshd:/sbin/nologin          and a clean objdir.
   
         also /var/chroot/sshd directory needs to be present (digged as a part of  20160527:
         build process).          i386 needs a full cleandir or objdir deletion because PIE has
           been enabled. (see the amd64 entry two down for further info)
 20020426:  
         NBUILDJOBS obsoleted in favor of just using -j.  20160418:
           libedit needs manual removal of all autogenerated files since
 20020426:          some of them are not autogenerated anymore. Remember that there
         etc/postinstall added, which performs various checks for          might be two copies of libedit if your platform builds "compat".
         configuration file updates and changes, and can fix most of  
         the problems identified.  20160410:
         This should make it much easier to upgrade a system's          amd64 needs full "make cleandir" or deletion of objdir now that
         configuration from earlier systems (as far back as NetBSD 1.5).          PIE has been enabled for amd64.  PIE, or position-independent
           executables, means all code, including executables and not just
 20020320:          shared libraries, is position-independent and hence able to be
         <bsd.lib.mk> needs a new install(1) for it's "-a cmd" support.          relocated by ASLR, address space layout randomization.
         build and install at usr.bin/xinstall before the build.  
           The change was made in Makefile variables for compiler and
 20020319:          linker flags, for which make(1) does not record dependencies,
         raw IPv6 socket now makes strict checking for sa_family and sa_len          hence it is unable to detect that all .o files need rebuilding.
         on send(2) operation.  be sure to have sbin/rtsol and usr.sbin/rtsold  
         newer than November 2001 when you upgrade the kernel.          Partial rebuilds with some modified source files will likely
           fail when linking executables, since the linker refuses to mix
 20020311:          position-independent code with position-dependent code in
         ssh configuration files were moved from /etc to /etc/ssh.  Beware          position-independent executables:
         if you restart your machine from remote.  Note that sshd.conf needs  
         to be changed (due to the use of "/etc" inside).                  .../x86_64--netbsd/bin/ld: foo.o: relocation R_X86_64_32 against `...' cannot be used when making a shared object; recompile with -fPIC
   
 20020223:  20160401:
         Users of the VAX port will need to rebuild and install gas          Ports switching to GCC 5.3 will need a full "make cleandir".
         so it deal with the now present register prefix used in all          Some people have found that cleandir is not sufficient, so if
         the VAX assembly files.          in doubt delete the entire object directory tree for gcc.
   
 20020118:  20160306:
           NetBSD's regexp implementation is now part of libnbcompat.
         ntpd user/group has been added.  Need to hand add this in or builds          Nblex, nbm4, nbpax, nbsed use it and they may crash on
         will break as mtree aborts early.          non-NetBSD hosts if linked with stale object files produced
           while they included a non-NetBSD regex.h.
         Add the following into /etc/group:          In any case, you should "make cleandir" at least these tools
           before updating your toolchain.
         ntpd:*:15:  
   20160125:
         and the following to /etc/master.passwd (via vipw):          Dtrace has been enabled by default on some architectures.
           When doing an update build, make sure to clean the etc/mtree
         ntpd:*:15:15::0:0:Ntpd pseudo-user:/var/chroot/ntpd:/sbin/nologin          object directory before starting the build - otherwise the
           needed directories in destdir will not be created.
 20011207:          An easy way to do this is:
              cd src/etc/mtree && $TOOLDIR/bin/nbmake-$arch cleandir
         If you're attempting to build a snapshot on sparc64 and are getting  
         reloc errors from the toolchain groff binary this means your native  20150818:
         toolchain has some broken C++ bits.          New acpica requires "make cleandir" in src/external/bsd/acpica
           again.
         To fix:  
   20150413:
         Build a new toolchain (i.e. build.sh -t)          New acpica requires "make cleandir" and reinstalling yacc
         Use the new toolchain to build and install natively (i.e. /usr/lib)          in /usr/src/external/bsd/byacc and /usr/src/tools/yacc and
           also "make cleandir" in /usr/src/external/bsd/acpica.
         gnu/lib/libgcc  
         gnu/lib/libstdc++  20150404:
           Lint changes require a full rebuild of the tool, so make
         After this a snapshot will be able to be built.          sure to build without -u option to build.sh, or manually
           do a make cleandir in src/tools/lint1 and
 20011201:          src/usr.bin/xlint.
         In order for a sparc64 build to work you must have a working awk. If  
         you've built and installed a system with the new toolchain up to this  20150310:
         point you do not have a working awk as its ability to do floating          Improvements to openssl for arm mean that update builds of
         point is broken.          the openssl libraries will fail. A make cleandir in
           external/bsd/openssl/lib is needed
         To build:  
   20141026:
         remake and install gnu/lib/libgcc          A mishap during the import of pppd may cause your corruption
         remake and install gnu/usr.bin/gawk into /usr/bin (make sure it links          in your cvs directory if you happened to do a cvs update
         against the new libgcc.a)          during a short period of time. To fix, just remove the
           directory src/external/bsd/ppp/dist/pppd completely
 20011128:          and let cvs restore it on next update.
         Kernel config information was changed to use defflag in  
         the various "files" files.  Bug fixes to config(8) are  20140721:
         required in order for this to work properly.  Make sure          The src/external/mit/lua/src directory was accidentally created
         to build and install in usr.sbin/config before attempting          and then deleted in the CVS repository.  If you get errors like
         to build a new kernel.  
           cvs [update aborted]: cannot open directory
 20011030:          /cvsroot/src/external/mit/lua/src: No such file or directory
         libc/locale/wcstod.c now needs new lint(1). Update lint(1)  
         before building libc.          then delete your local copy of that directory tree and try again.
   
 20011029:  20140530:
         The new document BUILDING.mdoc (view with nroff | more, or          ARM eABI switched to DWARF based exception handling. This requires
         see pre-generated .txt and .html versions) describes the build          rebuilding all C++ code. It is strongly advised to do a clean build.
         procedure in great detail.  BUILDING, and the USE_NEW_TOOLCHAIN  
         build process, are intended in the long run to replace this  20140131:
         manual update log.          The new compiler_rt/libc integration moved a few things. It is strongly
           advised to do a clean build. At least lib/libc, the compat version(s)
         Users building a USE_NEW_TOOLCHAIN system should read the          of libc, libkern, rump and the kernels need to be cleaned.
         BUILDING document for caveats.  Generally, BUILDING supersedes  
         UPDATING for these systems, as tool updating is taken care of  20131227:
         by the new build system.          1. The new ntpd runs in a restricted mode to prevent amplification
              attacks. If you need ntpdc to work you need to explicitly enable
 20011028:             mode7 in your config file. Make sure you put the necessary restrict
         src/etc/Makefile now needs install to be able to handle             statements to avoid being exposed.
         symlinks that point to nowhere. A bug in install that          2. strncat has moved from lib/libc to common/lib/libc; you might need
         prevented this was corrected.             to make clean in libc
   
         Solution: update and reinstall usr.bin/xinstall  20131129:
         Better Solution: Use the new toolchain and it will just work          The GMP sources were updated, and builds will likely fail without
         for you.          cleaning their build trees for both tools and in-tree, like below.
   
 20011006:  20131128:
         /etc/mtree/NetBSD.dist has been updated to take advantage of          The MPC and MPFR sources were updated, and builds may require their
         absolute path support added to mtree(8). Older mtree(8)s don't          tools and in-tree directories cleaned for successful updates.
         understand the format.  
   20130605:
         Solution: update and reinstall usr.sbin/mtree          The kernel option FAST_IPSEC no longer exists, it's been renamed
           to IPSEC (and the older IPSEC version removed).
 20011004:  
         Crunchgen has been updated to work via reach-over makefiles. Updating  20130605:
         is suggested before running a snapshot build          Previous freetype installations eroneously installed private
           header files. If you are building against a non-empty $DESTDIR,
 20010915:          please remove ${DESTDIR}//usr/X11R7/include/freetype2/freetype/.
         The new "ubcperf" code committed by Chuck Silvers removed  
         a header file, uvm/uvm_vnode.h.  There may be stale .depend  20130531:
         files that still reference this file.          The xdm update may cause build failure due to xdm.man being
           in the obj tree.  Make sure to ensure any like this:
         Solution: "make cleandir && make dependall" in affected                  nbmake: nbmake: don't know how to make xdm.man. Stop
         directories.          is fixed by deleting the xdm.man in the obj tree.
   
 20010803:  20130530:
         grep.info is now built from grep.texi using makeinfo.  Since it          Updates of many xsrc packages will leave old .pc files around.
         requires makeinfo v4.0, you need to install new texinfo before          Best to clean out the xsrc objdir entirely before rebuilds.
         building gnu/usr.bin/grep.  To install new texinfo, please follow  
         the instruction described in 20010726 entry.  20130301:
           The removal of netiso requires manual removal of /usr/include/netiso
 20010803:          prior to the build and make cleandir in /usr/src/usr.bin/{ktruss,kdump}
         (i386 only): i386 kernel now uses new instructions like  
         `fxsave' which old gas doesn't understand.  To build the  20120726:
         kernel successfully, you need to build and install a new toolchain,          The update of OpenSSL requires cleaning both the OpenSSL build
         (i.e., build.sh -t) or  (temporarily) comment out "options I686_CPU"          directory and DESTDIR.  *Even non-update builds require cleaning
         from your kernel configuration until you rebuild your userland.          DESTDIR.* Builds done without taking these steps may fail, or in
         See 20011029 above and BUILDING file in this directory for more information.          some cases may succeed and install broken OpenSSL libraries that
         [updated 20020630 since i386 gas moved when USE_NEW_TOOLCHAIN enabled]          cause third-party software to link incorrectly and/or crash.
   
 20010731:  20120507:
         Bootloader update on ELF platforms.  DDB in kernels from before          The database schema for makemandb was changed.  You will
         this will be unable to read symbol tables provided by newer          need to update the database using 'makemandb -f' or wait
         bootloaders.          for the next weekly run to fix it.
   
 20010726:  20120319:
         Texinfo was updated to 4.0.  To avoid failures when trying to          sys/conf/Makefile.kern.inc has been modified to adjust the
         build the included texinfo files, do:          size of db_symtab automatically.  You need to update dbsym in
           your $TOOLDIR to build kernels with options SYMTAB_SPACE.  If
         cd src/gnu/usr.bin/texinfo          you don't want this behavior, add AUTO_SYMTAB_SPACE=no to your
         make MKINFO=no dependall install          mk.conf.
   
 20010718:  20120216:
         Enabled correct .init/.fini processing in crt0.  The way this          Default for MKCATPAGES changed to NO.  Update builds will fail
         was done was to change a -I directive to cc(1), which means          unless DESTDIR is cleaned manually.  If you built between 20120207
         make(1) will have a stale dependency (it will be checking the          and 20120216, daily and weekly could have created an unreadable
         timestamp on the wrong "dot_init.h").          /var/db/man.db index for apropos.  Running makemandb -f or
           the next run of weekly will fix it.
         The symptom you will see is that new programs die with SIGSEGV  
         if you have a stale dependency.  20111227:
           If you built between 20111225 and 20111227 you need to remove
         Solution: "make cleandir" in both lib/csu and libexec/ld.elf_so          /usr/lib/libpam.so.4* and /usr/lib/security/*.so.4, since the
         before starting your build.          bump has been reverted.
   
 20010628:  20111125:
         A construct was added to uvm_page.h that uncovered a bug          The "rnd" pseudodevice has been added to sys/conf/std, which
         in lint(1).  If you get a warning/error about a non-portable          means it should no longer be explicitly listed in kernel
         bitfield, update your lint(1) before proceeding.          configuration files.  The line "pseudo-device rnd" should be
           removed from any custom kernel config files users may have.
 20010226:  
         Added named user/group to system. Need to hand add this in or builds  20111119:
         will break as mtree aborts early.          A problem with the datastructures used by the rndctl(8)
           utility (pointers in datastructures in an array, making 32->64
         To work around add by hand:          bit compatibility very painful) has been fixed in a
           non-backwards-compatible way.  If you replace your kernel,
         named:*:14:          replace your rndctl executable too.
   
         to /etc/group and add:  20111001:
           the prop_*_send_syscall() functions from proplib(3) have been
         named:*:14:14::0:0:Named pseudo-user:/var/named:/sbin/nologin          changed and their new version is not backward compatible with the old
           one.  So ensure that all consumers of these functions (currently:
         to master.passwd (use vipw for instance if doing by hand).          quota2 code and its tests) are updated together with the new lib.
   
         Now a make build should progress.  20110817:
           sparc has been changed to use GCC 4.5.3, so any objdir or
 20010219:          DESTDIR for them should be deleted before updating.
         get/setprogname() added. Any hostprogs that may use this will need  
         to be bootstrapped manually until the host system is current.  20110806:
           i386 and amd64 have been changed to use GCC 4.5.3, so any
         Known problems: sys/arch/macppc/stand/fixcoff          objdir or DESTDIR for them should be deleted before updating.
                         usr.sbin/config (adding -DMAKE_BOOTSTRAP to  
                           CFLAGS and rebuilding should work)  20110805:
                         usr.sbin/mdsetimage - Build a static copy if          The update to GCC 4.5.3 requires a non-trivial portion of
                           building a snapshot before fully bootstrapped.          the tree to be cleaned.  Best to delete both objdir and
           DESTDIR before running this update.  So far, only the
 20010204:          sparc64, mips and powerpc platforms have changed.
         prepare the code to compile with stricter gcc flags. in  
         particular start eliminating redundant declarations. Yacc  20110803:
         needs to be installed before make build.          The layout of external/public-domain/xz has changed.  To do an
           update build you will have to remove the contents of the OBJDIR
 20010114:          for external/public-domain/xz/bin by hand as the xz entry there
         introduce .if commands(target) in make(1). You need to          is now a directory.
         bring everything up-to-date first, then without installing  
         anything make and install in usr.bin/make, then proceed  20110410:
         with make build.          The configuration of src/tools/gcc has changed.  To do an
           update build you have to clean both tools/binutils and
 20010101:          tools/gcc by hand.
         bsd.subdir.mk committed 20001230 had a bug which caused  
         afterinstall targets to run too soon; update again.  20110328:
           Building the Xorg binary was moved into a subdirectory to fix
 20001230:          ordering issues with "make all".  It may be necessary to remove
         New share/mk files needed to support .WAIT in SUBDIR variables.          the OBJDIR for external/mit/xorg/server/xorg-server/hw/xfree86
         If you get make errors,          if your update build fails, as the "Xorg" entry there is now a
                 (cd share/mk; make install)  
         Also, PRINTOBJDIR has changed and is now used more heavily.  
   
 20001019:  
         The `ca' device driver has been replaced by `ld'; although the  
         major and minor numbers haven't changed, you should update your /dev  
         directory.          directory.
   
 20000929:  20110121:
         The following make directives are obsoleted.          Assembler files no longer use -traditional-cpp.  This can break
         MKCRYPTO_RSA NOCRYPTO_RSA NOCRYPTO_RC5 NOCRYPTO_IDEA          the build of individual parts of the tree.  This is handled
         By default, RSA is built into libcrypto.  IDEA and RC5 will not be          correctly by build.sh.  Manual builds have to update /usr/share/mk
         built into libcrypto.  By using MKCRYPTO_{RC5,IDEA}, you can build          and re-run config(1) for any kernel configurations as needed.
         additional library libcrypto_{idea,rc5}.  
   20101217:
           The tcpdump(8) program was changed to drop privileges and chroot(2)
           by default.  It may be necessary to manually update passwd(5) and
           group(5) in order to make the program work with existing setups.
   
   20101125:
           The latest changes to setenv(3) dissallow setting environment
           variables with names that contain '='.  Revision 1.18 of env.c
           assumed that this was allowed.  Installing a new libc with an
           old copy of /usr/bin/env causes env x=1 printenv | grep x= to
           break which affects the autoconf tests for dependency finding,
           so building gcc will end up printing:
               checking dependency style of gcc... none
               configure: error: no usable dependency style found
           Fix it by rebuilding and re-installing env.
   
   20101119:
           Recent Xorg updates in xsrc/external/mit/ may cause various build
           or run-time problems.  Delete your entire DESTDIR and OBJDIR if you
           have any build problems with xsrc, or problems with mismatched
           versions between xorg-server and drivers.
   
   20100604:
           The update of ATF to 0.9 causes old tests written in shell to fail
           unless they are rebuilt.  If you are building with MKUPDATE=yes,
           you need to clean the src/external/bsd/atf/tests/ and the src/tests/
           trees by hand.
   
   20100522:
           Recent Xorg updates in xsrc/external/mit/ will cause various build
           problems.  Delete your entire DESTDIR and OBJDIR if you have any
           build problems with xsrc.
   
   20100522:
           private section of <ctype.h> was splitted, and now mklocale(1)
           include ctype_local.h, so you have to make cleandir in tools/mklocale.
   
   20100520:
           The location of the xkb compiled descriptions has changed.  Please
           remove usr/X11R7/lib/X11/xkb/compiled from your $DESTDIR.
   
   20100222:
           The shared objects file extension has been changed from .so to
           .pico, in order to avoid conflicts with shared libraries names
           libXX.so.  All now stale regular .so files can be removed from
           your object directories.
   
   20100204:
           The termcap database has been removed from the sources,
           but has not been marked obsolete so it is not removed
           from the system when upgrading.
           As such, you will need to remove them from your object
           and destination directories.
   
   20091101:
           After updating, it may be necessary to make the 'cleandir'
           target in src/tools/yacc/ and in src/usr.bin/yacc/ before a
           'build.sh -u tools' or 'build.sh -u distribution'.  Ditto
           src/tools/lex/ and src/usr.bin/lex/.
   
   20091001:
           On amd64 you must rebuild tools (to get the new binutils)
           before building a kernel, or the build fails on cpufunc.S.
   
   20091001:
           An error will create a ./usr/X11R7/lib/X11/xkb/compiled/xkb
           symlink, failing the build.  Delete the link, and the subdir
           it is in, and retry your build.
   
   20090718:
           libc build changed so that strchr() provides the extra entry
           point for index().  Update build of libc.a (and libc_pic.a)
           may fail because the archive contains the unwanted index.o.
           (Similarly for strrchr() and rindex().)
   
   20090709:
           Native Xorg was upgraded again.  Builds will probably fail again
           without a clean objdir, at least for src/external/mit/xorg.
   
   20090616:
           Native Xorg was upgraded.  Builds will need a clean objdir for
           src/external/mit/xorg.  Upgrading a system from sets will not
           work properly yet as the /usr/X11R7/lib/X11/xkb/symbols/pc
           subdirectory has been changed into a file, and this needs to
           be manually "rm -r"'ed before installing xbase.tgz.
   
   20090501:
           Several new functions were added to string.h/libc, and this
           can cause autoconf problems during the tool build for people
           who fail to clean out their tools objects properly.  If you
           note messages about stpcpy, stpncpy or strnlen accompanying a
           failure during the tool build, clean out all your tools
           objects and start again.
   
   20090325:
           The i386 port was switched to i486 default toolchain.  This requires
           cleaning your src/tools directory and $TOOLDIR and rebuilding them.
   
   20090126:
           The __posix_fadvise50 system call changed assembly stub type.  You
           need to 'rm -f __posix_fadvise50.*' in the libc build directory
           to avoid using the old assembly stub.
   
   20090202:
           pkg_install now depends on the pkgdb cache for automatic conflict
           detection.  It is recommented to rebuild the cache with
           ``pkg_admin rebuild''.
   
   20090110:
           time_t and dev_t have been bumped to 64 bit quantities.  To upgrade:
           1. Make sure your kernel has COMPAT_50 in it.  Build and install.
              This is needed even in the MODULAR kernel because there is
              conditionally compiled code in rtsock.c.
           2. make sure build.sh completes and the binaries in a chroot work
              before installing.
           3. If you don't use build.sh and you build directly to root, and
              your build breaks in the middle, don't despair.  Make sure headers
              are installed properly, and start building libraries first libc
              and libutil, install them and then continue building all the
              libraries in src/lib and src/gnu/lib and install them.  Once
              the new libraries are installed, you can restart the build.
           4. If you compile packages and you notice link time warnings,
              rebuild the required packages to update their shared libraries.
              Any package you rebuild will require rebuilding all the packages
              that depend on it.
           5. Next time you run pwd_mkdb with the new binary, the file
              will be upgraded and it will not be backwards compatible.
           6. The utmpx/wtmpx files (/var/run/utmpx and /var/log/wtmpx, see
              lastlogx(5)) have been versioned, and there is a heuristic
              for utmp.  You are better off removing the old files after
              upgrading.  The automated clearing of /var/run during
              boot, and the automated rotating of files in /var/log by
              newsyslog(8), may mean that you do not have to remove the
              files manually.
           7. The optional accounting file (/var/account/acct, see
              accton(8)) has not been versioned, and will need to be
              removed.  The automatic rotation of the accounting file by
              /etc/daily limits the bad consequences of failure to remove
              the file.
           8. Application software that writes time_t to binary files on
              disk will break or need attention.  Most notably: if you are
              using PostgreSQL < 8.4, you need to dump your databases,
              rebuild PostgreSQL with the new time_t, then restore.
   
   20081219:
           config(1) has been updated, and one of the files it creates -
           swapnetbsd.o - has changed format.  You need to rebuild config
           (done automatically by build.sh) and then you need to rerun
           config on all kernel configuration files before rebuilding those
           kernels.
   
   20081205:
           If you build with MKX11=no, you should remove /etc/rc.d/xdm and
           /etc/rc.d/xfs from DESTDIR because those files were moved to the xetc
           set and will appear as extra files for MKX11=no update builds.
   
   20081122:
           On i386, various kernel options(4) in GENERIC including
           file systems have been disabled and moved into kernel modules.
           Before trying a new GENERIC kernel, you have to prepare the
           following files as well as a new GENERIC kernel:
   
           - build and install kernel modules from src/sys/modules
   
           - install the latest bootloader, which will load a module
             for the file system from which the kernel is loaded automatically
   
           If you have to load your kernel from a file system which is not of
           the same type as the root file system, you have to load the necessary
           file system module manually on the boot prompt or in the boot.cfg file.
   
   20080827:
           If you built and installed a libc from sources between
           2008/08/20 and 2008/08/26 you got a broken strtouq(3)
           which results in false errors reported by lint(1).
           Since this breaks the libc build itself, manual help is
           needed -- lint must be disabled temporarily, e.g.:
             $ (cd lib/libc && make MKLINT=no dependall install)
   
   20080813:
           MKDEBUG build was broken because the .depend files did not know
           about .go files.  You need to remove all .depend files and rebuild.
   
   20080802:
           A regression in binary compatibility for pthread_mutex_t has
           been fixed.  Unfortunately, the price is breaking compatibility
           for -current.
   
           Threaded programs (using libpthread) and C++ programs (using
           libstdc++) compiled after 20070907 and before 20080802 need to
           be recompiled.
   
           One way to find affected pkgsrc packages:
   
             $ grep REQUIRES=/usr/lib/libpthread /var/db/pkg/*/+BUILD_INFO
             $ grep REQUIRES=/usr/lib/libstdc++ /var/db/pkg/*/+BUILD_INFO
   
   20080731:
           WAPBL (metadata journaling support) has been added, but at this
           time isn't backwards compatible with pre-WAPBL aware kernels
           and userland (fsck_ffs in particular).  Please make sure you
           don't use a journaled filesystem with an older kernel/userland,
           especially an uncleanly mounted journaled filesystem.  WAPBL
           also requires the super block to be in the UFS2 format.  You
           can use fsck_ffs -c 4 to update the superblock format.
   
   20080721:
           Assembler warnings are now fatal if $WARNS>0 and $NOGCCERROR
           isn't defined.
   
   20080531:
           The ioctl number of DRVSUSPENDDEV command on /dev/drvctl changed
           from 125 (conflicted with DRVCTLCOMMAND) to 129.  The drvctl(8)
           utility needs to be rebuilt and reinstalled as older binaries
           won't work correctly.  The following sequence of commands:
   
             $ (cd sys/sys/ && nbmake-$arch includes)
             $ (cd sbin/drvctl/ && nbmake-$arch clean)
             $ (cd sbin/drvctl/ && nbmake-$arch all)
   
           leaves new drvctl utility in sbin/drvctl build directory.
   
   20080503:
           The <bsd.lib.mk> variable MKPRIVATELIB was renamed to LIBISPRIVATE.
   
   20080521:
           For a while, unprivileged UPDATE builds would fail to
           succeed at the checkflist stage, complaining that
           ${DESTDIR}/stand/<arch>/ did not exist.  A fix for this
           problem was committed to share/mk/bsd.kmodule.mk, revision 1.9.
           If you already hit this problem, update the .mk file,
           remove ${DESTDIR}/stand/<arch>, and re-run the build.
   
   20080303:
           Linker warnings are now fatal if $WARNS>0.
   
   20080126:
           The posix_fadvise system call has been changed from an assembly
           stub, to a c file that calls an assembly stub.  You need to
           'rm -f posix_fadvise.* .depend' in the libc build directory to
           avoid using the old assembly stub.
   
   20071209:
           The acpiec(4) driver has been split into two attachments.  If you
           get ACPI errors before the attachment, please update your kernel
           configuration file appropriately or see GENERIC for more details.
   
   20071115:
           The it(4) driver has been renamed to itesio(4) and the old port
           argument specified in the kernel configuration file is not valid
           anymore.  The itesio(4) driver now uses the Super I/O address port
           rather than the EC address port.  Please update your kernel
           configuration file appropriately or see GENERIC for more details.
   
   20071028:
           The pccons(4) driver has been removed from the NetBSD/shark port.
           You need to update any custom kernel configuration file you have
           to remove any references to pccons (which includes removing the
           now useless XSERVER option) and replace them with the correct
           entries for the wscons driver.  See the GENERIC configuration file
           for more details.
   
   20070913:
           A latent bug in dhclient/dhcpd that caused it to be unable to
           enumerate interfaces was fixed.  The bug began to cause
           problems after 20070911 when the kernel's SIOCGIFCONF
           implementation was repaired.  From 20070529 to 20070911 racoon
           could not enumerate interfaces.  (These are noted because
           normal kernel/userspace version matching hygiene is not
           sufficient to avoid this problem.)  Ensure that both kernel
           and userland are from after 20070913.
   
   20070703:
           nbinstall has been renamed ${MACHINE_GNU_ARCH}-install.  It
           calls the target-specific strip program, and the logic to pass
           down STRIP from make has been removed.  This requires a
           re-installation of tools.
   
   20070422:
           The way OS emulations lookup filenames inside the emulation root
           has been changed.  Rather than modify the pathname (and copy back
           to userspace) namei() and lookup() directly check the emulation
           root.  One side effect is that absolute symlinks inside the emulated
           root file system will be relative to that file system - unless they
           start /../ this is useful when the emulated root is a real install
           that has such links.
           This might affect symlinks that have been added to reference outside
           the emulated root.
   
   20070412:
           The pckbc driver on sgimips IP32 has been removed.  Use macekbc
           instead.  See the GENERIC32_IP3x kernel configuration for an
           example.
   
   20070319:
           src/lib/libc/Makefile revision 1.129 broke libc and ld.elf_so
           on many platforms due to incorrect flags settings.  If you
           updated and built after about 20070315, do "nbmake-$arch
           cleandir" in src/lib/libc and src/libexec/ld.elf_so to force a
           rebuild of object files that might have been built
           incorrectly, and ensure that you have at least
           src/lib/libc/Makefile 1.130.
   
   20070210:
           src/sys/sys/{sa.h,savar.h} were removed.
             find ${OBJDIR} \( -name .depend -o -name '*.d' \) -print \
                 | xargs egrep -l '/sa.h|/savar.h' | xargs rm
           will allow dependencies on those files to get get rebuilt
   
   20070209:
           The threading model was changed when the newlock2 branch
           was merged to NetBSD-current.  If you boot with a new
           kernel (version 4.99.10), then you also need a new pthread
           library (/usr/lib/libpthread.so.0.7).  If you boot with
           an old kernel, then you need the old pthread library
           (/usr/lib/libpthread.so.0.6).  Provided you keep the kernel and
           the pthread library in sync, old threaded applications should
           continue to work with an old or new kernel.  Note that named(8)
           is the only threaded application in the base system.
   
   20061214:
           Following the move of string_to_flags() and flags_to_string()
           from the bin/ls/ sources to libutil, users doing UPDATE builds
           will need to do a "make cleandir" in
                   tools/mtree/, tools/makefs/, tools/binstall/, tools/pax/,
                   bin/pax/, bin/ls/, usr.sbin/mtree/, usr.sbin/makefs/,
                   usr.bin/xinstall/, libexec/ftpd/, rescue/, as well
                   as the installation images in distrib/
           in order to excise stale references to the old stat_flags.h header
           file in the ls sources -- stat_flags.h has been removed.
   
   20061108:
           The configure script used in the src/tools/gcc compiler has been
           changed to indicate that our libc has ssp support built-in and
           does not depend on -lssp and -lssp-nonshared.  You'll need to
           make clean in src/tools/gcc first to rebuild the compiler.
   
   20061009:
           The sysctl variables net.inet{,6}.tcp{,6}.newreno are no longer
           available.  Use net.inet{,6}.tcp{,6}.congctl.selected instead.
   
   20060814:
           The vt, vidcconsole, kbd, and rpckbd drivers on acorn32 have been
           withdrawn.  Use vidcvideo and pckbd instead.  See the GENERIC
           kernel configuration for an example.  X servers from the last
           few years should cope.
   
   20060703:
           MPACPI is no more.  We always configure PCI interrupts using ACPI
           if we have an ACPI kernel.  The option MPACPI_SCANPCI has been renamed
           to ACPI_SCANPCI.  Thanks to work from fvdl.
   
   20060627:
           socket(2) has changed, and its system call has been versioned.
           For userlands with the old version of socket(2), make sure that
           your kernel has 'options COMPAT_30' set, or else 'bad system call'
           errors will result.
   
 Hints for a more successful build:  Hints for a more successful build:
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
       Use build.sh, but do not use its "expert mode":
           This will automatically build the tools in the
              correct order, and it will keep the tools and the
              new build products from interfering with the running
              system.  This will allow you to ignore most of the
              other advice in this file.
     Build a new kernel first:      Build a new kernel first:
         This makes sure that any new system calls or features          This makes sure that any new system calls or features
            expected by the new userland will be present.  This             expected by the new userland will be present.  This
Line 315  Hints for a more successful build:
Line 682  Hints for a more successful build:
            about one.  It also makes it easier to clean up after             about one.  It also makes it easier to clean up after
            a build.  It's also necessary if you want to use the             a build.  It's also necessary if you want to use the
            same source tree for multiple machines.             same source tree for multiple machines.
            To use object directories:             To use object directories with build.sh:
               a) invoke build.sh with the "-M" or "-O" options.
              To use object directories without using build.sh:
             a) cd /usr/src ; make cleandir              a) cd /usr/src ; make cleandir
             b) Add "OBJMACHINE=yes" to /etc/mk.conf              b) Add "OBJMACHINE=yes" to /etc/mk.conf
             c) Add "MKOBJDIRS=yes" to /etc/mk.conf              c) Add "MKOBJDIRS=yes" to /etc/mk.conf
Line 323  Hints for a more successful build:
Line 692  Hints for a more successful build:
            Note that running "make obj" in a directory will create             Note that running "make obj" in a directory will create
            in obj.$MACHINE directory.             in obj.$MACHINE directory.
     Build to a DESTDIR:      Build to a DESTDIR:
         This helps to keep old          This helps to keep old installed files (especially libraries)
            installed files (especially libraries) from interfering             from interfering with the new build.
            with the new build.             To build to a DESTDIR with build.sh, use the "-D" option.
            To build to a DESTDIR, set the DESTDIR environment             To build to a DESTDIR without using build.sh, set the DESTDIR
            variable before running make build.  It should be set to             environment variable before running make build.  It should be
            the pathname of an initially empty directory.             set to the pathname of an initially empty directory.
            Problems: you might need to update critical utilities             Problems: if you do not use build.sh, you might need to
                 without using DESTDIR since nothing is executed                  update critical utilities without using DESTDIR since
                 from what is installed in DESTDIR.                  nothing is executed from what is installed in DESTDIR.
                 (See critical utils, below)                  (See critical utils, below.)
     Build often:      Build often:
         This keeps critical utilities current enough to not choke          This keeps critical utilities current enough to not choke
         on any other part of the source tree that depends on up to          on any other part of the source tree that depends on up to
         date functionality.          date functionality.  If you use build.sh, you should not have
           this problem.
   
 What to do if things don't work:  What to do if things don't work:
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 When things don't work there is usually a few things that commonly  When things don't work there are usually a few things that commonly
 should be done.  should be done.
     1)  make includes      1)  make includes
         This should be done automatically by make build.          This should be done automatically by make build.
Line 394  cd $NETBSDSRCDIR && make cleandir
Line 764  cd $NETBSDSRCDIR && make cleandir
   
 Critical utilities:  Critical utilities:
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
         gnu/usr.bin/egcs  
         usr.bin/compile_et          usr.bin/compile_et
         usr.bin/make          usr.bin/make
         usr.bin/yacc          usr.bin/yacc
         usr.bin/lex          usr.bin/lex
         usr.bin/xlint          usr.bin/xlint
         usr.sbin/config          usr.bin/config
   
 Other problems and possible solutions:  Other problems and possible solutions:
 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^  ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
 Symptom:Unreasonable compiler errors.  
 Fix:    Rebuild gnu/usr.bin/egcs  
   
 Symptom:Complaints involving a Makefile.  Symptom:Complaints involving a Makefile.
 Fix:    Rebuild usr.bin/make:  Fix:    Rebuild usr.bin/make:
         cd usr.bin/make && make && make install          cd usr.bin/make && make && make install
         Or, a failsafe method if that doesn't work:          Or, a failsafe method if that doesn't work:
         cd usr.bin/make && cc *.c */*.c -I . -o make && mv make /usr/bin          cd usr.bin/make && cc *.c */*.c -I . -o make && mv make /usr/bin
   
 Fix:    Make sure .mk files are up to date.  Fix:    Make sure .mk files are up to date.
         cd share/mk && make install          cd share/mk && make install
   
 Symptom:Kernel `config' fails to configure any kernel, including GENERIC.  Symptom:Kernel `config' fails to configure any kernel, including GENERIC.
 Fix:    Rebuild usr.sbin/config  Fix:    Rebuild usr.bin/config
   
 Symptom:  Symptom:
 Fix:    Rebuild usr.bin/yacc  Fix:    Rebuild usr.bin/yacc
Line 434  Fix: Try the following sequence of comma
Line 800  Fix: Try the following sequence of comma
         (If you built the tree without "make obj" in the past, obsolete files          (If you built the tree without "make obj" in the past, obsolete files
         may remain.  The command tries to clean everything up)          may remain.  The command tries to clean everything up)
   
 Symptom:.../sysinst/run.c:xx: warning: initialization from incompatible pointer type  Symptom:.../sysinst/run.c:xx: warning: initialization from incompatible
           pointer type
 Fix:    Rebuild and install usr.bin/menuc  Fix:    Rebuild and install usr.bin/menuc
   
 Symptom:mklocale not found during build in share/locale/ctype  Symptom:mklocale not found during build in share/locale/ctype
 Fix:    Build and install usr.bin/mklocale  Fix:    Build and install usr.bin/mklocale
   
 Symptom:undefined reference to `__assert13'  Symptom:undefined reference to `__assert13' or `__unsetenv13'
 Fix:    Rebuild and install lib/libc  Fix:    Rebuild and install lib/libc
   
 Symptom:usr.sbin/config fails to build.  Symptom:usr.bin/config fails to build.
 Fix:    Try building with -DMAKE_BOOTSTRAP added to CFLAGS in Makefile.  Fix:    Try building with -DMAKE_BOOTSTRAP added to CFLAGS in Makefile.
   
 Symptom:undefined reference to `getprogname' or `setprogname'  Symptom:undefined reference to `getprogname' or `setprogname'
Line 451  Fix:    Rebuild and install lib/libc
Line 818  Fix:    Rebuild and install lib/libc
   
 Symptom:lint does not understand the '-X' option  Symptom:lint does not understand the '-X' option
 Fix:    May need to build & install libs with NOLINT=1 before rebuilding lint  Fix:    May need to build & install libs with NOLINT=1 before rebuilding lint
   
   Symptom:Update build fails in src/tools/gcc complaining that a variable
           (e.g. CPPFLAGS) has changed since the previous run.
   Fix:    Run "nbmake-${ARCH} clean" in src/tools/gcc or do a clean build.
   
   Symptom:cvs [update aborted]: cannot open directory /cvsroot/src/...:
           No such file or directory.
   Cause:  If a directory is created by mistake, then it is sometimes
           deleted from the CVS repository using administrative commands
           that bypass the normal cvs access controls.  If your cvs working tree
           contains references to a directory that has been deleted on the
           server in this way, then "cvs update" reports this error.
   Fix:    Recursively delete the affected directory from your working tree
           and try the update again.

Legend:
Removed from v.1.72  
changed lines
  Added in v.1.288

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