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Diff for /htdocs/docs/guide/download/netbsd-en.txt between version 1.2 and 1.3

version 1.2, 2018/07/31 23:53:44

version 1.3, 2018/08/23 18:43:32

Line 1297 The NetBSD install program sysinst allow

during the installation. If for some reason this does not work for you, you can

use the map in the following table.

+-----------+

+-------------+

|US|IT|DE|FR|

|US| IT |DE|FR|

|--+--+--+--|

|--+----+--+--|

|- |' | |) |

|- | ' |ss|) |

|--+--+--+--|

|--+----+--+--|

|/ |- |- |! |

|/ | - |- |! |

|--+--+--+--|

|--+----+--+--|

|= | |' |- |

|= | i` |' |- |

|--+--+--+--|

|--+----+--+--|

|: | | |M |

|: | c, |O:|M |

|--+--+--+--|

|--+----+--+--|

|; | | |m |

|; | o` |o:|m |

|--+--+--+--|

|--+----+--+--|

|# | | |3 |

|# |-L- |S:|3 |

|--+--+--+--|

|--+----+--+--|

|" | | |% |

|" |DEG |A:|% |

|--+--+--+--|

|--+----+--+--|

|* |( |( |8 |

|* | ( |( |8 |

|--+--+--+--|

|--+----+--+--|

|( |) |) |9 |

|( | ) |) |9 |

|--+--+--+--|

|--+----+--+--|

|) |= |= |0 |

|) | = |= |0 |

|--+--+--+--|

|--+----+--+--|

|' | | | |

|' | a` |a:|u`|

|--+--+--+--|

|--+----+--+--|

|` |\ |^ |@ |

|` | \ |^ |@ |

|--+--+--+--|

|--+----+--+--|

|\ | |# |` |

|\ | u` |# |` |

+-----------+

+-------------+

3.4. Starting the installation

Line 4028 Table of Contents

9.1. What is X?

NetBSD uses the X Window System to provide a graphical interface. In NetBSD

NetBSD uses the X Window System (from X.Org) to provide a graphical interface.

5.0, the amd64, i386, macppc, shark, sgimips, and sparc64 ports use X.Org and

the rest use XFree86.

Please note that the X Window System is a rather bare bones framework. It acts

as a base for modern desktop environments like GNOME or KDE, but they are not

Line 4044 at first. The basic elements are:

Line 4042 at first. The basic elements are:

* An X server running on top of the hardware. The X server provides a

standard way to display graphics (including fonts for text display) and get

mouse/keyboard/other input. X is network-transparent, which means that you

mouse/keyboard/other input.

can run X clients on one machine, and the X server (i.e., the display, with

video hardware) on another machine.

* X clients. These are the programs you directly interact with. They run on

top of the X server. A web browser like Firefox is an example of an X

client.

client. X is network-transparent, which means that you can run X clients on

one machine, and the X server (i.e., the display, with video hardware) on

another machine.

* A window manager running on top of the X server. The window manager is a

special X client that is allowed to control the placement of windows. It

Line 4067 at first. The basic elements are:

Line 4065 at first. The basic elements are:

9.2. Configuration

In some cases, you may be able to start using X without any configuration at

In most cases, you will be able to start using X without any configuration at

all, and startx will work just fine. In many cases, however, some configuration

all, and startx will work just fine. In rare cases, however, configuration of

of the X server is required. Depending on the port you use, this configuration

the X server is required. This configuration file is located at /etc/X11/

file will be either /etc/X11/xorg.conf or /etc/X11/XF86Config. The structure of

xorg.conf. The structure of the configuration file is described formally in

the configuration file is described formally in xorg.conf(5) or XF86Config(5).

xorg.conf(5).

To generate an initial configuration file for your X server, run the command

Line 4084 directory. To test the generated configu

Line 4082 directory. To test the generated configu

If this succeeds, you should see a crosshatched background and a cursor in the

shape of an X. Try moving the cursor around to verify that the mouse is

functional. To quit, press Ctrl-Alt-Backspace.

functional. You can then switch to another virtual terminal (Ctrl-Alt-F#) or

If the above test was successful, move the file into place (as either /etc/X11/

If the above test was successful, move the file into place as /etc/X11/

xorg.conf or /etc/X11/XF86Config) and you are ready to go. The following

xorg.conf and you are ready to go.

sections may be of interest or use, but are not required reading.

9.3. The mouse

Line 4103 Section "InputDevice"

Line 4101 Section "InputDevice"

Option "ZAxisMapping" "4 5 6 7"

EndSection

For a serial mouse on the first serial port, try something like:

Section "InputDevice"

Identifier "Mouse0"

Driver "mouse"

Option "Protocol" "auto"

Option "Device" "/dev/tty00"

EndSection

In this example. /dev/tty00 is the first serial port. Use /dev/tty01 for the

second, and so on. Protocol "auto" will try to automatically detect the

protocol of your serial mouse. If this doesn't work, try values like

"Microsoft", "IntelliMouse" or "Logitech". See mousedrv(4) for more

information.

9.4. The keyboard

Even if you have already configured your keyboard for wscons (See Section 8.1,

Line 4165 listed in that command's output, you can

Line 4148 listed in that command's output, you can

$ xrandr -s 1680x1050

If your preferred resolution is not listed, or you have issues with flickering,

you may need to manually specify your monitor's horizontal and vertical

frequencies. These can be set with the "HorizSync" and "VertRefresh" directives

in the "Monitor" section. An example is provided below.

Section "Monitor"

Identifier "Monitor0"

VendorName "Monitor Vendor"

ModelName "Monitor Model"

HorizSync 30-83

VertRefresh 56-75

EndSection

9.6. The video card

Normally, your video card will be automatically detected. In the event that

this autodetection fails, all available drivers can be found in /usr/X11R7/lib/

modules/drivers. (Replace "X11R7" with "X11R6" if you use a port that has not

modules/drivers. The driver can be set with the "Driver" directive in the "

yet switched to X.Org.) The driver can be set with the "Driver" directive in

Device" section, as shown below.

the "Device" section, as shown below.

Section "Device"

Identifier "Card0"

Line 4218 instance of the xclock and xterm program

Line 4187 instance of the xclock and xterm program

to "bisque4", which is defined in /usr/X11R7/lib/X11/rgb.txt.

...

# start some nice programs

# start some programs

xclock -geometry 50x50-1-1 &

xsetroot -solid bisque4 &

xterm -geometry 80x34-1+1 -bg OldLace &

Line 4260 xclock -geometry 50x50-1-1 &

Line 4229 xclock -geometry 50x50-1-1 &

exec openbox # no '&' here

The startx command will start the X11 session with Openbox. As configured in

the example .xinitrc file above, choosing "Exit" or similar from the window

the example .xinitrc file above, choosing "Log Out" from Openbox's menu will

manager's menu will quit the window manager and end the X11 session.

end the X11 session.

Installing a desktop environment is almost as easy. The following example shows

how to use the Xfce desktop environment.

Line 4309 different virtual console, change vt05 a

Line 4278 different virtual console, change vt05 a

contention between getty and xdm, be sure to start xdm on a virtual terminal

where getty is disabled. For example, if in Xservers you have:

:0 local /usr/X11R6/bin/X :0 vt04

:0 local /usr/X11R7/bin/X :0 vt04

then in /etc/ttys you should have

ttyE3 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" vt220 off secure

ttyE3 "/usr/libexec/getty Pc" wsvt25 off secure

(Please note that vt04 corresponds to ttyE3; In /etc/X11/xdm/Xservers,

numbering starts at 1, but in /etc/ttys, numbering starts at 0).

Line 6869 candidates for use in RAID and should be

Line 6838 candidates for use in RAID and should be

Perform a very generic installation onto your Disk0/wd0. Follow the INSTALL

instructions for your platform. Install all the sets but do not bother

customizing anything other than the kernel as it will be overwritten.

customizing anything other than the kernel as it will be overwritten. See also

Chapter 2, Installing NetBSD: Preliminary considerations and preparations.

Tip

On x86, during the sysinst install, when prompted if you want to "use the

entire disk for NetBSD", answer "yes".

* Chapter 2, Installing NetBSD: Preliminary considerations and preparations

* NetBSD/i386 pre-6.x Install Directions

* NetBSD/i386 6.x Install Directions

* NetBSD/amd64 6.x Install Directions

* NetBSD/sparc64 Install Directions

Once the installation is complete, you should examine the disklabel(8) and

fdisk(8) / sunlabel(8) outputs on the system:

Line 8598 password

Line 8558 password

Modules are a very central concept in PAM; after all, they are the "M" in "PAM"

. A PAM module is a self-contained piece of program code that implements the

primitives in one or more facilities for one particular mechanism; possible

mechanisms for the authentication facility, for instance, include the UNIX

mechanisms for the authentication facility, for instance, include the UNIX(R)

password database, NIS, LDAP and Radius.

18.4.2.1. Module Naming

FreeBSD and NetBSD implement each mechanism in a single module, named pam_

mechanism.so (for instance, pam_unix.so for the UNIX mechanism.) Other

mechanism.so (for instance, pam_unix.so for the UNIX(R) mechanism.) Other

implementations sometimes have separate modules for separate facilities, and

include the facility name as well as the mechanism name in the module name. To

name one example, Solaris? has a pam_dial_auth.so.1 module which is commonly

Line 9034 system to security risks.

Line 8994 system to security risks.

18.6.1.19. pam_unix(8)

The pam_unix(8) module implements traditional UNIX password authentication,

The pam_unix(8) module implements traditional UNIX(R) password authentication,

using getpwnam(3) under FreeBSD or getpwnam_r(3) under NetBSD to obtain the

target account's password and compare it with the one provided by the

applicant. It also provides account management services (enforcing account and

Line 9455 User Manuals

Line 9415 User Manuals

Related Web pages

[openpam-website] OpenPAM homepage. Dag-Erling Sm rgrav. ThinkSec AS.

[openpam-website] OpenPAM homepage. Dag-Erling Smo/rgrav. ThinkSec AS.

[linuxpam-website] Linux-PAM homepage. Andrew G. Morgan.

Line 19547 addition, special thanks go to (in alpha

Line 19507 addition, special thanks go to (in alpha

* Lubomir Sedlacik, for some details on using CGD for swap in Section 14.5,

"Suggestions and Warnings".

* Dag-Erling Sm rgrav, for the article on Chapter 18, Pluggable

* Dag-Erling Smo/rgrav, for the article on Chapter 18, Pluggable

Authentication Modules (PAM). See Section D.3.2, "Networks Associates

Technology's license on the PAM article" for the accompanying license.

* Florian St hr, for Section 14.4, "Example: encrypted CDs/DVDs".

* Florian Sto:hr, for Section 14.4, "Example: encrypted CDs/DVDs".

D.3. Licenses

CVSweb <webmaster@jp.NetBSD.org>