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1.6 itojun 1: The UNIX system family tree: Research and BSD
2: ---------------------------------------------
1.1 abs 3:
4: First Edition (V1)
5: |
6: Second Edition (V2)
7: |
8: Third Edition (V3)
9: |
10: Fourth Edition (V4)
11: |
12: Fifth Edition (V5)
13: |
14: Sixth Edition (V6) -----*
15: \ |
16: \ |
17: \ |
18: Seventh Edition (V7) |
19: \ |
20: \ 1BSD
21: 32V |
22: \ 2BSD---------------*
23: \ / |
24: \ / |
25: \/ |
26: 3BSD |
27: | |
28: 4.0BSD 2.7.9BSD
29: | |
1.6 itojun 30: 4.1BSD --------------> 2.8BSD
31: | |
32: 4.1aBSD -----------\ |
33: | \ |
34: 4.1bBSD \ |
35: | \ |
36: *------ 4.1cBSD --------------> 2.9BSD
37: / | |
38: Eighth Edition | 2.9BSD-Seismo
1.1 abs 39: | | |
40: +----<--- 4.2BSD 2.9.1BSD
41: | | |
42: +----<--- 4.3BSD -------------> 2.10BSD
43: | | / |
44: Ninth Edition | / 2.10.1BSD
45: | 4.3BSD Tahoe-----+ |
46: | | \ |
47: | | \ |
48: v | 2.11BSD
49: Tenth Edition | |
1.6 itojun 50: | 2.11BSD rev #430
1.1 abs 51: 4.3BSD NET/1 |
52: | v
53: 4.3BSD Reno
54: |
55: *---------- 4.3BSD NET/2 -------------------+-------------*
56: | | | |
1.7 ! itojun 57: 386BSD 0.0 | | BSD/386 ALPHA
1.1 abs 58: | | | |
1.7 ! itojun 59: 386BSD 0.1 ------------>+ | BSD/386 0.3.[13]
1.1 abs 60: | \ | 4.4BSD Alpha |
1.7 ! itojun 61: | 386BSD 1.0 | | BSD/386 0.9.[34]
1.1 abs 62: | | 4.4BSD |
63: | | / | |
64: | | 4.4BSD-Encumbered | |
1.7 ! itojun 65: | NetBSD 0.8 | BSD/386 1.0
1.1 abs 66: | | | |
1.7 ! itojun 67: FreeBSD 1.0 NetBSD 0.9 | BSD/386 1.1
! 68: | | .----- 4.4BSD Lite |
! 69: FreeBSD 1.1 | / / | \ |
! 70: | | / / | \ |
! 71: FreeBSD 1.1.5 .---|--------' / | \ |
! 72: | / | / | \ |
! 73: FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 / | / | \ |
! 74: | / NetBSD 1.0 <-' | \ |
! 75: | / | | \ |
! 76: FreeBSD 2.0 <--' | | BSD/OS 2.0
! 77: | \ | |
! 78: FreeBSD 2.0.5 \ | BSD/OS 2.0.1
! 79: | \ .--- 4.4BSD Lite2 |
! 80: | \ | | | | |
! 81: | | FreeBSD 3.0 | | | |
! 82: | | NetBSD 1.3 | | |
! 83: | | OpenBSD 2.3 | |
! 84: | | BSD/OS 3.0 |
! 85: FreeBSD 2.1 | |
! 86: | | NetBSD 1.1 ------. BSD/OS 2.1
! 87: | FreeBSD 2.1.5 | \ |
! 88: | | NetBSD 1.2 \ BSD/OS 3.0
! 89: | FreeBSD 2.1.6 | \ OpenBSD 2.0 |
! 90: | | | \ | |
! 91: | FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 | \ | |
! 92: | | | \ | |
! 93: | FreeBSD 2.1.7 | | | |
! 94: | | | NetBSD 1.2.1 | |
! 95: | FreeBSD 2.1.7.1 | | |
! 96: | | | |
! 97: | | | |
! 98: *-FreeBSD 2.2 | | |
! 99: | \ | | |
! 100: | FreeBSD 2.2.1 | | |
! 101: | | | | |
! 102: | FreeBSD 2.2.2 | OpenBSD 2.1 |
! 103: | | | | |
! 104: | FreeBSD 2.2.5 | | |
! 105: | | | OpenBSD 2.2 |
! 106: | | NetBSD 1.3 | |
! 107: | FreeBSD 2.2.6 | | | |
! 108: | | | NetBSD 1.3.1 | BSD/OS 3.1
! 109: | | | | OpenBSD 2.3 |
! 110: | | | NetBSD 1.3.2 | |
! 111: | FreeBSD 2.2.7 | | | |
! 112: | | | | | BSD/OS 4.0
! 113: | v | | | |
! 114: | FreeBSD 2.2.8 | | | |
! 115: | | | | |
! 116: | | | OpenBSD 2.4 |
! 117: FreeBSD 3.0 | v | |
! 118: | | NetBSD 1.3.3 | |
! 119: *---FreeBSD 3.1 | | |
! 120: | | | | BSD/OS 4.0.1
! 121: | FreeBSD 3.2 NetBSD 1.4 OpenBSD 2.5 |
! 122: | | | | | |
! 123: | FreeBSD 3.3 | NetBSD 1.4.1 | |
! 124: | | | | OpenBSD 2.6 |
! 125: | FreeBSD 3.4 | | | |
! 126: | | | | | BSD/OS 4.1
! 127: FreeBSD 4.0 | | NetBSD 1.4.2 | |
! 128: | | | | | |
! 129: | | | | | |
! 130: | FreeBSD 3.5 | | OpenBSD 2.7 |
! 131: | | | | | |
! 132: | FreeBSD 3.5.1 | | | |
! 133: | | | | |
! 134: *---FreeBSD 4.1 | | | |
! 135: | | | | | |
! 136: | FreeBSD 4.1.1 | | | |
! 137: | | | v | |
! 138: | FreeBSD 4.2 | NetBSD 1.4.3 | |
! 139: | | | OpenBSD 2.8 BSD/OS 4.2
! 140: | v NetBSD 1.5 | |
! 141: | | | v
1.6 itojun 142: | | |
143: FreeBSD 5.0-current NetBSD -current OpenBSD -current
144: | | |
145: v v v
1.1 abs 146:
147:
148: Time
149: ----------------
150:
1.7 ! itojun 151: Time tolerance +/- 6 months, depending on which book/article you read; if it
! 152: was the announcement in Usenet or if it was available as tape.
1.1 abs 153:
154: [44B] McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels,
155: and John Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of
156: the 4.4BSD Operating System.
157: [DOC] README, COPYRIGHT on tape.
158: [QCU] Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX.
159: [U25] Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25.
160: [USE] Usenet announcement.
161: [KSJ] Michael J. Karels, Carl F. Smith, and William F. Jolitz.
162: Changes in the Kernel in 2.9BSD. Second Berkeley Software
163: Distribution UNIX Version 2.9, July, 1983.
164: [KB] Keith Bostic. BSD2.10 available from Usenix. comp.unix.sources,
165: Volume 11, Info 4, April, 1987.
166: [KKK] Mike Karels, Kirk McKusick, and Keith Bostic. tahoe announcement.
167: comp.bugs.4bsd.ucb-fixes, June 15, 1988.
168: [SMS] Steven M. Schultz. 2.11BSD, UNIX for the PDP-11.
169: [FBD] FreeBSD Project, The.
170: [NBD] NetBSD Project, The.
171: [OBD] OpenBSD Project, The.
172: [dmr] Dennis Ritchie, via E-Mail
1.7 ! itojun 173: [BSDI] Berkeley Software Design, Inc.
1.1 abs 174:
175: Multics 1965
1.6 itojun 176: UNIX Summer 1969
1.1 abs 177: DEC PDP-7
178: First Edition 1971-11-03 [QCU]
179: DEC PDP-11/20, Assembler
180: Second Edition 1972-06-12 [QCU]
1.6 itojun 181: 10 UNIX installations
1.1 abs 182: Third Edition 1973-02-xx [QCU]
183: Pipes, 16 installations
184: Fourth Edition 1973-11-xx [QCU]
185: rewriting in C effected,
186: above 30 installations
187: Fifth Edition 1974-06-xx [QCU]
188: above 50 installations
189: Sixth Edition 1975-05-xx [QCU]
190: port to DEC Vax
191: Seventh Edition 1979-01-xx [QCU]
1.6 itojun 192: first portable UNIX
193: Eighth Edition 1985-02-xx [QCU]
1.1 abs 194: VAX 11/750, VAX 11/780 [dmr]
195: descended from 4.1c BSD [dmr]
196: descended from 4.1 BSD [44B]
1.7 ! itojun 197: scooping-out and replacement of the character-device
1.1 abs 198: and networking part by the streams mechanism
199:
200: Ninth Edition 1986-09-xx [QCU]
201: Tenth Edition 1989-10-xx [QCU]
202:
203: 1BSD late 1977
204: 1978-03-09 [QCU]
205: PDP-11, Pascal, ex(1)
206: 30 free copies of 1BSD sent out
207: 35 tapes sold for 50 USD [QCU]
208: 2BSD mid 1978 [QCU]
209: 75 2BSD tapes shipped
210: 2.7.9BSD ?? [SMS]
211: 2.8BSD 1981-07-xx [KSJ]
212:
213: 2.8.1BSD 1982-01-xx [QCU]
214: set of performance improvements
215: 2.9BSD 1983-07-xx [KSJ]
216: 2.9.1BSD 1983-11-xx
217: 2.9BSD-Seismo 1985-08-xx [SMS]
218: 2.10BSD 1987-04-xx [KKK]
219: 2.10.1BSD 1989-01-xx [SMS]
220: 2.11BSD 1992-02-xx [SMS]
1.6 itojun 221: 2.11BSD rev #430 1999-12-13 [SMS]
1.1 abs 222:
223: 32V 1978-1[01]-xx [QCU]
224: 3BSD late 1979 [QCU]
225: virtual memory, page replacement,
226: demand paging
227: 4.0BSD 1980-10-xx
228: 4.1BSD 1981-06-xx
229: 4.1aBSD 1982-04-xx
230: alpha release, 100 sites, networking [44B]
231: 4.1bBSD internal release, fast filesystem [44B]
232: 4.1cBSD late 1982
233: beta release, IPC [44B]
234: 4.2BSD 1983-09-xx [QCU]
235: 4.3BSD 1986-06-xx [QCU]
236: 1986-04-xx [KB]
237: 4.3BSD Tahoe 1988-06-xx [QCU]
238: 4.3BSD NET/1 1988-11-xx [QCU]
239: 4.3BSD Reno 1990-06-xx [QCU], [DOC]
240: 4.3BSD NET/2 1991-06-xx [QCU]
1.7 ! itojun 241:
! 242: BSD/386 ALPHA 1991-12-xx [BSDI]
! 243: first code released to people outside BSDI
1.1 abs 244: 386BSD 0.0 1992-02-xx [DOC]
1.7 ! itojun 245: BSD/386 0.3.1 1992-04-xx [BSDI] first ext. beta; B customers
! 246: BSD/386 0.3.3 1992-06-xx [BSDI] first CDROM version
! 247: 386BSD 0.1 1992-07-28 [DOC]
1.1 abs 248: 4.4BSD Alpha 1992-07-07
1.7 ! itojun 249: BSD/386 0.9.3 1992-10-xx [BSDI]
! 250: first external gamma; G customers
! 251: BSD/386 0.9.4 1992-12-xx [BSDI]
! 252: would have been 1.0 except for request
! 253: for preliminary injunction
! 254: BSD/386 1.0 1993-03-xx [BSDI]
! 255: injunction denied; first official release
1.6 itojun 256: NetBSD 0.8 1993-04-20 [NBD]
1.1 abs 257: 4.4BSD 1993-06-01 [USE]
258: NetBSD 0.9 1993-08-23 [NBD]
1.6 itojun 259: FreeBSD 1.0 1993-11-xx [FOO]
1.7 ! itojun 260: BSD/386 1.1 1994-02-xx [BSDI]
1.1 abs 261: 4.4BSD Lite 1994-03-01 [USE]
1.6 itojun 262: FreeBSD 1.1 1994-04-xx [FBD]
263: FreeBSD 1.1.5.1 1994-07-xx [FBD]
264: supersedes 1.1.5 3 days after release.
265: NetBSD 1.0 1994-10-26 [NBD]
1.1 abs 266: 386BSD 1.0 1994-11-12 [USE]
1.6 itojun 267: FreeBSD 2.0 1995-01-xx [FBD]
1.7 ! itojun 268: BSD/OS 2.0 1995-01-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite based
! 269: FreeBSD 2.0.5 1995-06-10 [FBD]
! 270: BSD/OS 2.0.1 1995-06-xx [BSDI]
1.6 itojun 271: 4.4BSD Lite Release 2 1995-06-xx [44B]
272: the true final distribution from the CSRG
1.7 ! itojun 273: FreeBSD 2.1.0 1995-11-19 [FBD]
1.1 abs 274: NetBSD 1.1 1995-11-26 [NBD]
1.7 ! itojun 275: BSD/OS 2.1 1996-01-xx [BSDI]
! 276: FreeBSD 2.1.5 1996-07-14 [FBD]
1.1 abs 277: NetBSD 1.2 1996-10-04 [NBD]
278: OpenBSD 2.0 1996-10-18 [OBD]
1.7 ! itojun 279: FreeBSD 2.1.6 1996-11-16 [FBD]
! 280: FreeBSD 2.1.6.1 1996-11-25 [FBD] (sendmail security release)
! 281: FreeBSD 2.1.7 1997-02-20 [FBD]
! 282: BSD/OS 3.0 1997-02-xx [BSDI] 4.4 lite2 based
! 283: FreeBSD 2.2.0 1997-03-16 [FBD]
! 284: FreeBSD 2.2.1 1997-03-25 [FBD]
! 285: FreeBSD 2.2.2 1997-05-16 [FBD]
1.6 itojun 286: NetBSD 1.2.1 1997-05-20 [NBD] (patch release)
1.1 abs 287: OpenBSD 2.1 1997-06-01 [OBD]
1.7 ! itojun 288: FreeBSD 2.2.5 1997-10-22 [FBD]
1.1 abs 289: OpenBSD 2.2 1997-12-01 [OBD]
1.5 abs 290: NetBSD 1.3 1998-01-04 [NBD]
1.7 ! itojun 291: FreeBSD 2.2.6 1998-03-25 [FBD]
1.6 itojun 292: NetBSD 1.3.1 1998-03-09 [NBD] (patch release)
1.7 ! itojun 293: BSD/OS 3.1 1998-03-xx [BSDI]
1.1 abs 294: OpenBSD 2.3 1998-05-19 [OBD]
1.6 itojun 295: NetBSD 1.3.2 1998-05-29 [NBD] (patch release)
1.7 ! itojun 296: FreeBSD 2.2.7 1998-07-22 [FBD]
! 297: BSD/OS 4.0 1998-08-xx [BSDI]
! 298: 2-lock MP support, ELF executables
1.6 itojun 299: FreeBSD 3.0 1998-10-16 [FBD]
1.7 ! itojun 300: FreeBSD-3.0 is a snapshot from -current,
! 301: while 3.1 and 3.2 are from 3.x-stable which
1.6 itojun 302: was branched quite some time after 3.0-release
1.1 abs 303: FreeBSD 2.2.8 1998-11-29 [FBD]
304: OpenBSD 2.4 1998-12-01 [OBD]
1.6 itojun 305: NetBSD 1.3.3 1998-12-23 [NBD] (patch release)
306: FreeBSD 3.1 1999-02-15 [FBD]
1.7 ! itojun 307: BSD/OS 4.0.1 1999-03-xx [BSDI]
1.4 abs 308: NetBSD 1.4 1999-05-12 [NBD]
1.6 itojun 309: FreeBSD 3.2 1999-05-17 [FBD]
1.4 abs 310: OpenBSD 2.5 1999-05-19 [OBD]
1.6 itojun 311: NetBSD 1.4.1 1999-08-26 [NBD] (patch release)
312: FreeBSD 3.3 1999-09-17 [FBD]
313: OpenBSD 2.6 1999-12-01 [OBD]
314: FreeBSD 3.4 1999-12-20 [FBD]
1.7 ! itojun 315: BSD/OS 4.1 1999-12-xx [BSDI]
1.6 itojun 316: FreeBSD 4.0 2000-03-13 [FBD]
317: NetBSD 1.4.2 2000-03-19 [NBD] (patch release)
318: OpenBSD 2.7 2000-06-15 [OBD]
319: FreeBSD 3.5 2000-06-24 [FBD]
320: FreeBSD 4.1 2000-07-27 [FBD]
321: FreeBSD 3.5.1 2000-07-28 [FBD]
322: FreeBSD 4.1.1 2000-09-25 [FBD] (a network-only patch release)
1.7 ! itojun 323: FreeBSD 4.2 2000-11-21 [FBD]
! 324: NetBSD 1.4.3 2000-11-25 [NBD] (patch release)
! 325: BSD/OS 4.2 2000-11-29 [BSDI]
! 326: OpenBSD 2.8 2000-12-01 [OBD]
! 327: NetBSD 1.5 2000-12-06 [NBD]
1.1 abs 328:
329:
330: Bibliography
331: ------------------------
332:
333: Leffler, Samuel J., Marshall Kirk McKusick, Michael J Karels and John
334: Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.3BSD UNIX Operating
335: System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1989. ISBN 0-201-06196-1
336:
337: Salus, Peter H. A quarter century of UNIX. Addison-Wesley Publishing
338: Company, Inc., 1994. ISBN 0-201-54777-5
339:
340: McKusick, Marshall Kirk, Keith Bostic, Michael J Karels, and John
341: Quarterman. The Design and Implementation of the 4.4BSD Operating
342: System. Reading, Mass. Addison-Wesley, 1996. ISBN 0-201-54979-4
343:
344: Doug McIlroy. Research Unix Reader.
345:
346: Michael G. Brown. The Role of BSD in the Development of Unix.
347: Presented to the Tasmanian Unix Special Interest Group of the
348: Australian Computer Society, Hobart, August 1993.
349:
1.6 itojun 350: Peter H. Salus. Unix at 25. Byte Magazine, October 1994.
1.1 abs 351: URL: http://www.byte.com/art/9410/sec8/art3.htm
352:
353: Andreas Klemm, Lars Köller. If you're going to San Francisco ...
354: Die freien BSD-Varianten von Unix. c't April 1997, page 368ff.
355:
356: BSD Release Announcements collection.
1.6 itojun 357: URL: http://www.de.FreeBSD.org/de/ftp/releases/
1.1 abs 358:
359: BSD Hypertext Man Pages
1.6 itojun 360: http://www.FreeBSD.org/cgi/man.cgi
361:
362: UNIX history graphing project
363: http://minnie.cs.adfa.edu.au/Unix_History/index.html
364:
365: UNIX history
366: http://perso.wanadoo.fr/levenez/unix/
1.1 abs 367:
368: Acknowledgments
369: ---------------
370:
1.6 itojun 371: Josh Gilliam for suggestions, bug fixes, and finding very old
1.1 abs 372: original BSD announcements from Usenet or tapes.
373:
374: Steven M. Schultz for providing 2.8BSD, 2.10BSD, 2.11BSD manual pages.
375:
376: --
1.7 ! itojun 377: Copyright (c) 1997-2000 Wolfram Schneider <wosch@FreeBSD.ORG>
! 378: URL: ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/branches/-current/src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree
1.1 abs 379:
1.7 ! itojun 380: $FreeBSD: src/share/misc/bsd-family-tree,v 1.38 2001/01/19 07:36:36 itojun Exp $
1.1 abs 381:
1.7 ! itojun 382: $NetBSD: bsd-family-tree,v 1.6 2000/10/02 11:28:22 itojun Exp $